Euler's totient function

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euler's_totient_function

 counts the positive integers up to a given integer n that are relatively prime to n. 

 if two numbers m and n are relatively prime, then φ(mn) = φ(m) φ(n);

 

https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/同餘

数学上,同余英语:congruence modulo[1]符號:≡)是數論中的一種等價關係[2]。當两个整数以同一个整数,若得相同余数,则二整数同余。同餘是抽象代數中的同餘關係的原型[3]。最先引用同余的概念与「≡」符号者为德國数学家高斯

 

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modular_multiplicative_inverse

In modular arithmetic, the modular multiplicative inverse of an integer a modulo m is

an integer x such that  a x ≡ 1 ( mod m ) .

 

 

 

  

 

posted @ 2016-11-29 23:38  papering  阅读(380)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报