形式化方法

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Formal_methods

https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/形式化方法

形式化方法，中文也称形式方法^[1]、正规方法^[2]。在计算机科学和软件工程领域，形式化方法是基于数学的特种技术，适合于软件和硬件系统的描述、开发和验证^[3]。将形式化方法用于软件和硬件设计，是期望能够像其它工程学科一样，使用适当的数学分析以提高设计的可靠性和强健性^[4]。但是，由于采用形式化方法的成本高意味着它们通常只用于开发注重安全性的高度整合的系统^[5]。

 

In computer science, specifically software engineering and hardware engineering, formal methods are a particular kind of mathematically rigorous techniques for the specification, development and verification of software and hardware systems.^[1] The use of formal methods for software and hardware design is motivated by the expectation that, as in other engineering disciplines, performing appropriate mathematical analysis can contribute to the reliability and robustness of a design.^[2]

Formal methods are best described as the application of a fairly broad variety of theoretical computer science fundamentals, in particular logiccalculi, formal languages, automata theory, discrete event dynamic system and program semantics, but also type systems and algebraic data typesto problems in software and hardware specification and verification.^[3]