扩展和嵌入 Python 解释器 用 C 或 C++ 编写模块以使用新模块来扩展 Python 解释器的功能 定义新的函数\对象类型\方法。 将 Python 解释器嵌入到另一个应用程序中
// https://python3-cookbook.readthedocs.io/zh_CN/latest/c15/p02_write_simple_c_extension_module.html
// http://book.pythontips.com/en/latest/python_c_extension.html
// https://github.com/python/cpython/blob/master/Modules/_testimportmultiple.c
// https://python3-cookbook.readthedocs.io/zh_CN/latest/c15/p02_write_simple_c_extension_module.html
// http://book.pythontips.com/en/latest/python_c_extension.html
// https://github.com/python/cpython/blob/master/Modules/_testimportmultiple.c
// Python.h has all the required function definitions to manipulate the Python objects
#include <Python.h>
//This is the function that is called from your python code
static PyObject *add(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
PyObject *listObj;
//The input arguments come as a tuple, we parse the args to get the various variables
//In this case it's only one list variable, which will now be referenced by listObj
if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "O", &listObj))
return NULL;
//length of the list
long length = PyList_Size(listObj);
//iterate over all the elements
long i, sum = 0;
for (i = 0; i < length; i++)
{
//get an element out of the list - the element is also a python objects
PyObject *temp = PyList_GetItem(listObj, i);
//we know that object represents an integer - so convert it into C long
long elem = PyLong_AsLong(temp);
sum += elem;
}
//value returned back to python code - another python object
//build value here converts the C long to a python integer
return Py_BuildValue("i", sum);
}
/* This table contains the relavent info mapping -
<function-name in python module>, <actual-function>,
<type-of-args the function expects>, <docstring associated with the function>
*/
/* Module method table */
static PyMethodDef AddListMethods[] = {{"add", add, METH_VARARGS, "Greatest add"}, {NULL, NULL, 0, NULL}};
static struct PyModuleDef addListmodule = {PyModuleDef_HEAD_INIT, "addList", "A addList module", -1, AddListMethods};
/*
addList is the module name, and this is the initialization block of the module.
<desired module name>, <the-info-table>, <module's-docstring>
*/
PyMODINIT_FUNC PyInit_addList(void)
{
return PyModule_Create(&addListmodule);
}
from distutils.core import setup, Extension
# https://docs.python.org/3/extending/building.html#building
modulel1 = Extension('addList', ['adder.c'])
setup(name='addList', version='1.0',
description='This is a demo package',
author='Martin v. Loewis',
author_email='martin@v.loewis.de',
url='https://docs.python.org/extending/building',
long_description='''
This is really just a demo package.
''', ext_modules=[modulel1])
[cpy@localhost extendingCpy]$ sudo py380 setup.py install
running install
running build
running build_ext
building 'addList' extension
creating build
creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.8
gcc -pthread -Wno-unused-result -Wsign-compare -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -fPIC -I/usr/local/include/python3.8 -c adder.c -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.8/adder.o
creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.8
gcc -pthread -shared build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.8/adder.o -o build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.8/addList.cpython-38-x86_64-linux-gnu.so
running install_lib
copying build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.8/addList.cpython-38-x86_64-linux-gnu.so -> /usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages
running install_egg_info
Removing /usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/addList-1.0-py3.8.egg-info
Writing /usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/addList-1.0-py3.8.egg-info
[cpy@localhost extendingCpy]$ py380 t.add.py
Sum of List - [1, 2, 3, 4, 5] 15
[cpy@localhost extendingCpy]$ cat /usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/addList-1.0-py3.8.egg-info
Metadata-Version: 1.0
Name: addList
Version: 1.0
Summary: This is a demo package
Home-page: https://docs.python.org/extending/building
Author: Martin v. Loewis
Author-email: martin@v.loewis.de
License: UNKNOWN
Description:
This is really just a demo package.
Platform: UNKNOWN
[cpy@localhost extendingCpy]$
import addList
l = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
print("Sum of List - ", l, addList.add(l))
[cpy@localhost extendingCpy]$ ll -as /usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/
总用量 48
0 drwxr-xr-x 8 root root 259 11月 25 14:43 .
12 drwxr-xr-x 35 root root 8192 11月 25 13:17 ..
4 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 295 11月 25 14:43 addList-1.0-py3.8.egg-info
20 -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 18496 11月 25 14:43 addList.cpython-38-x86_64-linux-g nu.so
4 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 126 11月 25 12:30 easy_install.py
0 drwxr-xr-x 5 root root 95 11月 25 12:30 pip
0 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 130 11月 25 12:30 pip-19.2.3.dist-info
0 drwxr-xr-x 5 root root 94 11月 25 12:30 pkg_resources
0 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 123 11月 25 13:18 __pycache__
4 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 119 11月 25 13:17 README.txt
4 drwxr-xr-x 6 root root 4096 11月 25 12:30 setuptools
0 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 170 11月 25 12:30 setuptools-41.2.0.dist-info
[cpy@localhost extendingCpy]$ tree build/
build/
├── lib.linux-x86_64-3.8
│ └── addList.cpython-38-x86_64-linux-gnu.so
└── temp.linux-x86_64-3.8
└── adder.o
2 directories, 2 files
[cpy@localhost extendingCpy]$ readelf -a build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.8/adder.o
ELF 头：
Magic： 7f 45 4c 46 02 01 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
类别: ELF64
数据: 2 补码，小端序 (little endian)
版本: 1 (current)
OS/ABI: UNIX - System V
ABI 版本: 0
类型: REL (可重定位文件)
系统架构: Advanced Micro Devices X86-64
版本: 0x1
入口点地址： 0x0
程序头起点： 0 (bytes into file)
Start of section headers: 18600 (bytes into file)
标志： 0x0
本头的大小： 64 (字节)
程序头大小： 0 (字节)
Number of program headers: 0
节头大小： 64 (字节)
节头数量： 25
字符串表索引节头： 24
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[号] 名称 类型 地址 偏移量
大小 全体大小 旗标 链接 信息 对齐
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0000000000000000 0000000000000000 0 0 0
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[ 2] .rela.text RELA 0000000000000000 000029f0
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[ 3] .data PROGBITS 0000000000000000 000000d1
0000000000000000 0000000000000000 WA 0 0 1
[ 4] .bss NOBITS 0000000000000000 000000d1
0000000000000000 0000000000000000 WA 0 0 1
[ 5] .rodata.str1.1 PROGBITS 0000000000000000 000000d1
000000000000002e 0000000000000001 AMS 0 0 1
[ 6] .data.rel.local PROGBITS 0000000000000000 00000100
00000000000000c0 0000000000000000 WA 0 0 32
[ 7] .rela.data.rel.lo RELA 0000000000000000 00002ac8
0000000000000090 0000000000000018 I 22 6 8
[ 8] .debug_info PROGBITS 0000000000000000 000001c0
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[13] .rela.debug_arang RELA 0000000000000000 00004748
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[18] .comment PROGBITS 0000000000000000 000025d9
000000000000002e 0000000000000001 MS 0 0 1
[19] .note.GNU-stack PROGBITS 0000000000000000 00002607
0000000000000000 0000000000000000 0 0 1
[20] .eh_frame PROGBITS 0000000000000000 00002608
0000000000000060 0000000000000000 A 0 0 8
[21] .rela.eh_frame RELA 0000000000000000 00004790
0000000000000030 0000000000000018 I 22 20 8
[22] .symtab SYMTAB 0000000000000000 00002668
00000000000002d0 0000000000000018 23 22 8
[23] .strtab STRTAB 0000000000000000 00002938
00000000000000b2 0000000000000000 0 0 1
[24] .shstrtab STRTAB 0000000000000000 000047c0
00000000000000e5 0000000000000000 0 0 1
Key to Flags:
W (write), A (alloc), X (execute), M (merge), S (strings), I (info),
L (link order), O (extra OS processing required), G (group), T (TLS),
C (compressed), x (unknown), o (OS specific), E (exclude),
l (large), p (processor specific)
There are no section groups in this file.
本文件中没有程序头。
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000000000018 001700000004 R_X86_64_PLT32 0000000000000000 PyArg_ParseTuple - 4
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重定位节 '.rela.eh_frame' 位于偏移量 0x4790 含有 2 个条目：
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The decoding of unwind sections for machine type Advanced Micro Devices X86-64 is not currently supported.
Symbol table '.symtab' contains 30 entries:
Num: Value Size Type Bind Vis Ndx Name
0: 0000000000000000 0 NOTYPE LOCAL DEFAULT UND
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No version information found in this file.
[cpy@localhost extendingCpy]$ readelf -a build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.8/addList.cpython-38-x86_64-linux-gnu.so
ELF 头：
Magic： 7f 45 4c 46 02 01 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
类别: ELF64
数据: 2 补码，小端序 (little endian)
版本: 1 (current)
OS/ABI: UNIX - System V
ABI 版本: 0
类型: DYN (共享目标文件)
系统架构: Advanced Micro Devices X86-64
版本: 0x1
入口点地址： 0x800
程序头起点： 64 (bytes into file)
Start of section headers: 16192 (bytes into file)
标志： 0x0
本头的大小： 64 (字节)
程序头大小： 56 (字节)
Number of program headers: 7
节头大小： 64 (字节)
节头数量： 36
字符串表索引节头： 35
节头：
[号] 名称 类型 地址 偏移量
大小 全体大小 旗标 链接 信息 对齐
[ 0] NULL 0000000000000000 00000000
0000000000000000 0000000000000000 0 0 0
[ 1] .note.gnu.build-i NOTE 00000000000001c8 000001c8
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[ 2] .gnu.hash GNU_HASH 00000000000001f0 000001f0
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000000000000011b 0000000000000000 A 0 0 1
[ 5] .gnu.version VERSYM 00000000000004fc 000004fc
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[ 6] .gnu.version_r VERNEED 0000000000000520 00000520
0000000000000020 0000000000000000 A 4 1 8
[ 7] .rela.dyn RELA 0000000000000540 00000540
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[ 8] .rela.plt RELA 0000000000000690 00000690
00000000000000c0 0000000000000018 AI 3 22 8
[ 9] .init PROGBITS 0000000000000750 00000750
000000000000001a 0000000000000000 AX 0 0 4
[10] .plt PROGBITS 0000000000000770 00000770
0000000000000090 0000000000000010 AX 0 0 16
[11] .text PROGBITS 0000000000000800 00000800
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[12] .fini PROGBITS 0000000000000984 00000984
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[13] .rodata PROGBITS 000000000000098d 0000098d
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[14] .eh_frame_hdr PROGBITS 00000000000009b8 000009b8
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[15] .eh_frame PROGBITS 00000000000009e0 000009e0
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[16] .init_array INIT_ARRAY 0000000000200de8 00000de8
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[17] .fini_array FINI_ARRAY 0000000000200df0 00000df0
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[18] .jcr PROGBITS 0000000000200df8 00000df8
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[19] .data.rel.ro PROGBITS 0000000000200e00 00000e00
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[20] .dynamic DYNAMIC 0000000000200e08 00000e08
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[21] .got PROGBITS 0000000000200fd8 00000fd8
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[22] .got.plt PROGBITS 0000000000201000 00001000
0000000000000058 0000000000000008 WA 0 0 8
[23] .data PROGBITS 0000000000201060 00001060
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[24] .bss NOBITS 0000000000201120 00001120
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[25] .comment PROGBITS 0000000000000000 00001120
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[26] .debug_aranges PROGBITS 0000000000000000 0000114d
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[33] .symtab SYMTAB 0000000000000000 000034f0
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Key to Flags:
W (write), A (alloc), X (execute), M (merge), S (strings), I (info),
L (link order), O (extra OS processing required), G (group), T (TLS),
C (compressed), x (unknown), o (OS specific), E (exclude),
l (large), p (processor specific)
There are no section groups in this file.
程序头：
Type Offset VirtAddr PhysAddr
FileSiz MemSiz Flags Align
LOAD 0x0000000000000000 0x0000000000000000 0x0000000000000000
0x0000000000000a6c 0x0000000000000a6c R E 200000
LOAD 0x0000000000000de8 0x0000000000200de8 0x0000000000200de8
0x0000000000000338 0x0000000000000340 RW 200000
DYNAMIC 0x0000000000000e08 0x0000000000200e08 0x0000000000200e08
0x00000000000001d0 0x00000000000001d0 RW 8
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GNU_EH_FRAME 0x00000000000009b8 0x00000000000009b8 0x00000000000009b8
0x0000000000000024 0x0000000000000024 R 4
GNU_STACK 0x0000000000000000 0x0000000000000000 0x0000000000000000
0x0000000000000000 0x0000000000000000 RW 10
GNU_RELRO 0x0000000000000de8 0x0000000000200de8 0x0000000000200de8
0x0000000000000218 0x0000000000000218 R 1
Section to Segment mapping:
段节...
00 .note.gnu.build-id .gnu.hash .dynsym .dynstr .gnu.version .gnu.version_r .rela.dyn .rela.plt .init .plt .text .fini .rodata .eh_frame_hdr .eh_frame
01 .init_array .fini_array .jcr .data.rel.ro .dynamic .got .got.plt .data .bss
02 .dynamic
03 .note.gnu.build-id
04 .eh_frame_hdr
05
06 .init_array .fini_array .jcr .data.rel.ro .dynamic .got
Dynamic section at offset 0xe08 contains 25 entries:
标记 类型 名称/值
0x0000000000000001 (NEEDED) 共享库：[libpthread.so.0]
0x0000000000000001 (NEEDED) 共享库：[libc.so.6]
0x000000000000000c (INIT) 0x750
0x000000000000000d (FINI) 0x984
0x0000000000000019 (INIT_ARRAY) 0x200de8
0x000000000000001b (INIT_ARRAYSZ) 8 (bytes)
0x000000000000001a (FINI_ARRAY) 0x200df0
0x000000000000001c (FINI_ARRAYSZ) 8 (bytes)
0x000000006ffffef5 (GNU_HASH) 0x1f0
0x0000000000000005 (STRTAB) 0x3e0
0x0000000000000006 (SYMTAB) 0x230
0x000000000000000a (STRSZ) 283 (bytes)
0x000000000000000b (SYMENT) 24 (bytes)
0x0000000000000003 (PLTGOT) 0x201000
0x0000000000000002 (PLTRELSZ) 192 (bytes)
0x0000000000000014 (PLTREL) RELA
0x0000000000000017 (JMPREL) 0x690
0x0000000000000007 (RELA) 0x540
0x0000000000000008 (RELASZ) 336 (bytes)
0x0000000000000009 (RELAENT) 24 (bytes)
0x000000006ffffffe (VERNEED) 0x520
0x000000006fffffff (VERNEEDNUM) 1
0x000000006ffffff0 (VERSYM) 0x4fc
0x000000006ffffff9 (RELACOUNT) 9
0x0000000000000000 (NULL) 0x0
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重定位节 '.rela.plt' 位于偏移量 0x690 含有 8 个条目：
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The decoding of unwind sections for machine type Advanced Micro Devices X86-64 is not currently supported.
Symbol table '.dynsym' contains 18 entries:
Num: Value Size Type Bind Vis Ndx Name
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Symbol table '.symtab' contains 72 entries:
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1 1 ( 33.3%) 16.7%
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Displaying notes found at file offset 0x000001c8 with length 0x00000024:
所有者 Data size Description
GNU 0x00000014 NT_GNU_BUILD_ID (unique build ID bitstring)
Build ID: 36151486d3559504ee1d3314183ed1afbd4154e8
[cpy@localhost extendingCpy]$
https://github.com/flier/pyfasthash/blob/master/setup.py
