en-zh（社会问题）social problems
The world's richest man, Amazon founder Jeff Bezos, and his wife MacKenzie have agreed a record-breaking divorce settlement of at least $35bn.
世界首富、亚马逊创始人杰夫-贝佐斯和妻子麦肯齐近日达成创纪录的离婚协议，前妻麦肯齐将分得至少350亿美元（约合人民币2351亿元）。
Ms Bezos keeps a 4% stake in the online retail giant, worth $35.6bn on its own.
麦肯齐获得4%的亚马逊股份，价值356亿美元。
Amazon was founded by Jeff Bezos in Seattle in 1994, a year after the couple married, and Ms Bezos was one of its first employees.
1994年，杰夫-贝佐斯在西雅图创建了亚马逊，当时他已经与麦肯齐结婚一年。在企业创立之初，麦肯齐也曾是亚马逊的一名员工。
Both parties tweeted positive comments about the other in the wake of the announced settlement.
在宣布离婚协议之后，双方在推特上互致感谢和祝福。
The two did not provide any further financial details about the settlement.
双方都没有透露离婚协议的更多财务细节。
The Amazon shares alone will make Ms Bezos the world's third-richest woman while Jeff will remain the world's richest person, according to Forbes.
根据《福布斯》的排名，仅亚马逊股份一项财产就使麦肯齐成为全球第三大女富豪，而贝佐斯仍是世界首富。
Jeff Bezos, 55, and MacKenzie, 48, a novelist, married in 1993 and have four children.
55岁的杰夫-贝佐斯和48岁的小说家麦肯齐在1993年结婚，两人有四名子女。
Ms Bezos' tweet is her first and only one since joining the microblogging website this month. In it she stated that she was "grateful to have finished the process of dissolving my marriage to Jeff with support from each other".
这是麦肯齐在上月开通推特账户后的第一条也是唯一一条推文。她写道：“在彼此的支持下，我与贝佐斯解除了婚姻关系，我很感激。”
Mr Bezos tweeted: "I'm so grateful to all my friends and family for reaching out with encouragement and love... MacKenzie most of all."
贝佐斯发推特说：“非常感谢所有的亲友给我的鼓励和爱，尤其要感谢麦肯齐。”
The tweet concluded with: "She is resourceful and brilliant and loving, and as our futures unroll, I know I'll always be learning from her."
推文末尾说：“她非常机智、才华横溢、充满爱心，随着我们人生中下一个阶段的到来，我知道我将永远向她学习。”
Prior to the settlement, Mr Bezos held a 16.3% stake in Amazon. He will retain 75% of that holding but Ms Bezos has transferred all of her voting rights to her former husband.
在离婚协议达成前，贝佐斯持有16.3%的亚马逊股份。他将继续持有这部分股份的75%，但麦肯齐将所有的投票权让给了贝佐斯。
She will also give up her interests in the Washington Post newspaper and Mr Bezos' space travel firm Blue Origin.
麦肯齐还将放弃《华盛顿邮报》和贝佐斯的天空旅行公司“蓝色起源”的所有权益。
Amazon is now vast online retail business. Last year, it generated sales of $232.8bn and it has helped Mr Bezos and his family amass a fortune of $131bn, according to Forbes magazine.
据《福布斯》杂志报道，大型电商亚马逊去年销售额达到2328亿美元，帮助贝佐斯和家人积累了1310亿美元的财富。
amass [ə'mæs]：vt.积聚，积累
Lauren Sanchez. [Photo/IC]
Mr Bezos is reportedly in a relationship with former Fox TV host Lauren Sánchez.
据报道，贝佐斯与福布斯电视台前主持人劳伦-桑切斯陷入热恋。
After Mr Bezos and his wife announced in January that they would part, a US tabloid magazine published details, including private messages, of an extramarital affair with Ms Sánchez.
在贝佐斯与麦肯齐今年1月宣布将离婚后，美国一家八卦杂志公布了贝佐斯与桑切斯婚外恋的细节，包括私人信息。
extramarital [,ekstrə'mærɪt(ə)l]：adj.私通的，婚外的
Mr Bezos has accused the publisher of the magazine, American Media Incorporated, of blackmail. The publisher denies the claim.
贝佐斯谴责该杂志的出版商美国媒体公司敲诈勒索。但这家出版商否认了这一说法。
blackmail['blækmeɪl]：vt.勒索，敲诈
“被猝死”的程序员，“累成狗”的年轻人，“不是在上班，就是在上班的路上”…… 在许多互联网公司，每天早9点到晚9点，一周工作6天已不是新鲜事。
最近，有国内程序员在知名代码托管平台上发起了一个名为“996.ICU”的项目，以此抵制互联网公司超时工作的行规。目前有40多家互联网公司被指实行“996工作制”，其中包括多家知名互联网公司。
The rules-which require employees to work from 9 am to 9 pm, six days a week without overtime pay-came under fire after a programmer created 996.ICU, a page on code-sharing platform GitHub.com. [Photo/IC]
Activists are calling for more supervision over labor exploitation in an online crusade spearheaded by software developers against the so-called 996 work schedule, which is widely practiced in China's tech industry.
不久前，软件程序员们在网上掀起了一个反对996工作制的活动，一些活动人士呼吁对劳动剥削行为进行更强有力的监管。中国的科技公司普遍采用996工作制。
spearhead ['spɪəhed]：vt.带头；做先锋
The rules-which require employees to work from 9 am to 9 pm, six days a week without overtime pay-came under fire after a programmer created 996.ICU, a page on code-sharing platform GitHub.com. The page garnered immediate attention at home and abroad.
996工作制指的是员工从早上9点工作到晚上9点，每周工作6天，且没有加班费。一位程序员在代码分享平台GitHub网站上创建了996.ICU主页，这种工作制立即遭到抨击，并引发了国内外广泛关注。
创建者还非常暖心地帮被996的员工们算了一笔经济账，按照劳动法规定，996工作制下只有拿到当前工资的2.275倍，才不吃亏。
The name 996.ICU refers to a saying among Chinese developers that following the 996 schedule puts you at risk of ending up in an intensive care unit.
在中国996工作制的程序员中流传着一句话：工作996生病ICU，996.ICU这一主页的名称由此而来。
In the weeks that followed the creation of 996.ICU in March, the page has accrued almost 200,000 stars-which indicates popularity among users.
3月份，在996.ICU主页创建后的几周内，星数就已超20万，星数代表该主页在使用者中的受欢迎程度。
accrue [ə'kruː]：vt.获得；积累
“What’s the difference between these 996 companies and the old landlords who oppressed peasants???” said one post.
主页上的一个帖子写道：“采用996工作制的公司和旧社会的地主压迫农民有什么区别？”
996.ICU was Github’s most book-marked project on Friday with over 176,000 followers.
上周五，996.ICU成为Github网站上标记最多的活动主页，有17.6万名粉丝。
Users listed tech companies that use the 996 schedule, and then created a licensing agreement that would ban such companies from using their codes.
用户们列出了采用996工作制的科技公司名称，之后创建了特许权协议，禁止这些公司使用这些程序员开发的代码。
还有网友称，996不算什么，自己的工作是896，927……
The campaign against 996 work culture went viral on Weibo, drawing thousands of responses on China’s version of Twitter.
抵制996工作制的活动在微博广为传播，数千名网友回帖讨论。
甚至有网友调侃说，干脆007……
The 996.ICU page was soon blocked on multiple platforms including the messaging tool WeChat and the UC Browser.
不久，该主页被多家网络平台屏蔽，包括通讯工具微信和UC浏览器。
The 996 schedule was allegedly first adopted in 2016 by 58.com, a major online classified advertisement site.
据称，58.com网站是首家采用996工作制的公司。该网站是国内一家大型分类广告网站。
Jiang Ying, a professor at China University of Labor Relations and a leading expert on China's Labor Law, said the rare protest by sleep-deprived tech firm employees underscored the difficulties facing workers who defend their rights.
劳动法专家、中国劳动关系学院教授蒋英说，睡眠时间被剥夺的科技公司员工这种少见的抗议让我们看到了员工维护自己权益时面临的困难。
"When resorting to the legal system for protection, there is a price to pay: time, money and the risk of losing your job. And as a result they took to cyberspace," she said.
她说：“当诉诸于法律体系保护权益时，人们可能需要付出时间、金钱、以及丢掉工作的代价。因此他们诉诸于网络空间。”
Employers are obliged to provide overtime pay, bonuses and welfare benefits to employees working overtime. But many tech company employees said it was too much to hope for.
雇主必须向加班员工支付加班费、奖金和福利。但很多科技公司员工称这是可望而不可及的。
A senior developer with the e-commerce giant Alibaba, who asked not to be named to protect his career, said employers seldom say the schedule is compulsory, but failure to follow the rules could lead to low performance scores and layoffs.
电子商务巨头阿里巴巴的一名匿名资深程序员说，公司管理人员很少说996工作制是强制性的，但如果不遵从这一规则，绩效分数会很低，甚至被裁员。
"Defiant behavior can also lead to losing your annual bonus, which is a lot of money," he said.
他说：“不遵从996工作制还会让你拿不到年终奖，那也是一大笔钱。”
To better protect workers from harsh treatment, Jiang suggested that oversight should be beefed up, and systems for lodging complaints should be improved.
为防止员工遭受这样严苛的待遇，蒋教授建议加强监管，改进投诉机制。
beef up：vt.加强（增援，充实）
China's Labor Law prescribes that the working hours of an employee should not exceed an average of eight hours daily, or 44 hours a week.
中国的劳动法规定，员工每天工作不得超过8小时，或每周不超过44小时。
Employers may extend working hours after consultation with an employee, but shall not exceed three hours a day or 36 hours a month.
雇主可以在与员工协商后延长工作时间，但加班时间不应超过每天3小时或每月36小时。
The 996 work schedule, however, can easily ratchet up weekly work to 60 hours.
但996工作制能轻易将工作时间增加到每周60个小时。
ratchet up：逐渐升高；略微调高
Jiang said tech firms represent the country's most advanced productive force and should have the wisdom to adopt a more effective way to improve productivity.
蒋英教授说，科技公司代表了国家最先进的生产力，应该有能力采用更有效的措施提高工作效率。
北京将建“不文明游客”黑名单 “上榜”游客或被禁入公园 Parks in Beijing want to blacklist 'uncivilized' visitors
中国日报网 2019-04-09 14:33
在一片大好的春光中外出赏樱，你可能会看到有人摇树制造“樱花雨”……
去公园踏青，你可能会看到有人爬树摘花，乱扔垃圾，兜售小商品……
图片来源：微博
2015年03月29日，北京，京城春色美景吸引许多市民户外踏青。在北京国际雕塑公园，许多市民踏青游玩，但是有有一些不文明行为大煞风景。
甚至还有人，把生态园的油菜花采回家做菜……
图片来源：微博
今后如果再有这种行为，你可能就没机会再去逛公园了。据报道，北京市将建“不文明游客”黑名单，限制有不良行为记录的游客前来游览。
Tourism authorities in Beijing said they are considering creating a blacklist of "uncivilized visitors" in order to curb bad behavior by visitors, as the city is inundated with tourists for Tomb Sweeping Festival.
清明节期间，北京游客爆满，该市旅游管理部门表示，正考虑建立一份“不文明游客”黑名单，以遏制游客的不良行为。
inundate['ɪnʌndeɪt]：vt.淹没；泛滥；浸水；（洪水般的）扑来
来源：中国青年网
Officials at the Beijing Municipal Administration Center of Parks said that the upsurge in domestic tourists visiting the Chinese capital for the three-day holiday, also known as Qingming Festival, had coincided with "uncivilized tourist behavior," including climbing peach trees, picking flowers, damaging plants, fishing in park lakes, and selling things illegally within the city's parks.
北京市公园管理中心的官员称，清明节三天假期期间到访首都的国内游客数量猛增，一些“不文明旅游行为”也随之发生，包括爬桃树、采花、破坏植物、在公园湖泊钓鱼，以及在公园内非法出售商品等。
upsurge ['ʌpsɜːdʒ]：n.高潮，高涨
A blacklist would block "loutish travelers" from visiting the city's parks, using facial recognition software and other surveillance technology to monitor guests and keep out those with a record of bad behavior.
被列入黑名单的不文明游客或被禁止游览该市公园，公园将使用人脸识别软件和其他监控技术监督游客，限制有不良行为记录的游客前来游览。
loutish [ˈlaʊtɪʃ]: adj.笨拙的，粗野的
In 2017, Beijing's Temple of Heaven Park installed face scanners in its toilets to prevent what officials said was an epidemic of toilet paper theft. Those needing paper had to make eye contact with a machine before it spit out a single portion -- anyone needing more than the provided amount would need to wait 9 minutes.
2017年，天坛公园在厕所安装了人脸识别厕纸机，以制止泛滥的厕纸盗窃行为。需要用纸者必须先在机器上进行人脸识别，然后机器才会提供一份厕纸，每次刷脸取纸后需要等待9分钟才能再次取纸。
[Photo/Xinhua]
Chinese tourists made more than 112 million domestic trips during this year's Tomb Sweeping Festival, a 10.9% increase on last year, according to the Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Beijing alone saw more than 700,000 people visiting some dozen parks around the city.
文化和旅游部的数据显示，今年清明节期间，中国国内旅游总人数超过1.12亿人次，同比增长10.9%。仅北京一地就有70多万人游览了该市周边的十几座公园。
今年，一些城市还组织志愿者为游客拍照指路，劝导不文明行为。
杭州太子湾春季花展志愿服务队。图片来源：微博
郑州大学青年志愿者。图片来源：微博
Policing of tourists has been ramping up in recent years. In 2016, the China National Tourism Administration placed 20 people with a history of bad behavior on a blacklist, restricting their ability to travel.
近年来，中国一直在加大力度规范游客的行为。2016年，当时的中国国家旅游局曾将20名有不良行为记录的游客列入旅游黑名单，以限制他们的旅游消费行为。
这些旅游不文明行为要避免
2016年5月30日，国家旅游局向各地区旅游局下发了修订后的《国家旅游局关于旅游不文明行为记录管理暂行办法》，2015年4月印发的《游客不文明行为记录管理暂行办法》停止实施。新《办法》将“旅游不文明行为记录”从6条增至9条。同时，记录时间从最长的1年至2年，增加到1年至5年。同时,增加了针对旅游从业人员违规的规定，同样列入不文明记录。
新《办法》中列出的旅游不文明行为（inappropriate tourism behavior）包括：
扰乱公共场所秩序（undermining public order）
公共交通工具上行为不当（acting inappropriately on public transport）
破坏私人或公共财物（damaging private or public property）
违反当地风俗习惯（disrespecting local customs）
破坏文物古迹（sabotaging historical exhibits）
参与赌博、色情等非法活动（engaging in gambling or illegal sexual activities）
破坏生态环境，违反野生动植物保护规定（destroying the environment or violating the protection of wildlife）
扰乱旅游场所秩序（disrupting the public order at tourist resorts）
同时，新《办法》将从事旅游经营管理与服务的工作人员即“旅游从业人员”（tourism service providers）违规，也纳入了“不文明行为记录”。
来源：中国青年网
Two of those blacklisted had caused a plane from Bangkok to the Chinese city of Nanjing to return halfway after they got into an argument with flight attendants, while in another case, a passenger tried to prevent a plane taking off by forcing open its emergency exit.
被列入黑名单的人中，包括曾在一架从曼谷飞往南京的航班上与空乘人员发生争执，导致飞机中途返航的两人。在另一起案件中，一名乘客试图通过强行打开飞机应急舱门阻止飞机起飞。
Last year, the travel blacklist was expanded to include more than 670 people. While some of the offenses which landed people on the list included travel misbehavior such as disrupting flights or smoking on trains, it also includes those who have failed to pay court judgments or taking part in illegal securities trading.
2018年，该旅游黑名单增加到670多人。被列入该名单的理由包括扰乱航班或在火车上吸烟等旅行过程中的不当行为。还有一些人因为拒绝履行法院执行文书或参与非法证券交易而被列为失信被执行人。
People on the list can be banned from some or all air and train travel for up to 12 months.
被列入旅游黑名单的人一年内禁止搭乘飞机或高铁。
