python 常用方法

第一章:

1. 判断变量 var 是否已经定义

 var_exists = 'var' in locals() or 'var' in globals()

2. 获取变量 var 类型   type(var)

3. 判断变量var是不是int型或者字符串型  

isinstance(var,(int,str))  #注意:int,str不带引号

4. var = 123 ,将var变为字符串类型, str(a),类似的还有bool() int() float() compex()

5. num = -123,输出var的绝对值 abs(num)

6. num = 5.6,四舍五入 num, round(num)

7. a=2 b=3 求a的b次方 (1)a**b  (2)pow(a,b)

8.进制转换 hex() 转换为16进制 oct()转换为8进制 

9.求1 2 3的和    sum([1,2,3])

10. 拼接字符串a b  a+b

11. 不知道一个函数怎么应该用 help(查看函数的帮助信息)

12. str = 'how are you',输出其中的h,are,0

a = 'how are you'
print(str(a[0]))
print(str(a[4:7]))
print(str(a[-2]))
print(str(a[-2:])) #从倒数第二个到最后
print(str(a[2:]))  #从第三个直接到最后
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13. %s(str),%d(int),%c(单个字符),%r(repr函数表达字符串)

name = 'xuzhan'
name2 = 'xiaohong'
age = 18
print("my name is %s i am %d years old,her name is %s" %(name,age,name2))
View Code

14. a = "abcdefg hijklmnopq",将首字母大写   a.capitalize()

15.  a = "abcdefg hijklmnopq" ,检查字符串中是否有jk a.find("jk"),找不到则返回-1。index()找不到则报错

16. b = "ABCD" 将str转小写   b.lower()

17. c = "zhang san,wang wu "标题化 (遇到逗号和空格都把首字母大写)  c.title()

18.  c = "Zhang San,Wang Wu" 判断是否是标题化的字符串  c.istitle()

19.  d = "   zhangsan  " 去掉d左边的空格   d.lstrip()   # 仅能去掉左边的,右边的还在d.rstrip()  全部去掉 用strip()

20.  e = "zhangsan is good" 把zhangsan替换为 lisi

  e.replace("zhangsan","lisi")

21. f = "zhangsan lisi wangwu " 将f以空格分割为三部分

    f.split(' ',2)
var = 456
var_exists = 'var' in locals() or 'var' in globals()
print(var_exists)
if (isinstance(var,(int,str))):
    print(789)
a = 'how are you'
print(str(a[0]))
print(str(a[4:7]))
print(str(a[-2]))
print(str(a[-2:])) #从倒数第二个到最后
print(str(a[2:]))  #从第三个直接到最后

name = 'xuzhan'
age = 18
print("my name is %s iam %d" %(name,age))

a = 'abcdefg hijklmnopq'
print(a.capitalize())  #将a的首字符大写
print(a.find('jk'))    #找不到则返回-1
# print(a.index('jka'))    #找不到则报错

b = 'ABCDEFG'
print(b.lower())

c = "zhang san,wang wu "
print(c.title())

c = "Zhang San,Wang Wu"
print(c.istitle())

d = "  zhangsan  "
print(d.lstrip() + b)

e = "zhangsan is good!"
print(e.replace("zhangsan","lisi"))

f = "zhangsan lisi wangwu "
print(print(f.split(' ',1)))
View Code

 22. pass 什么也不做,一般用于判断语句中

posted @ 2019-04-15 22:38  小跑跑泡  阅读(224)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报