GitlabCI学习笔记之四：GitLabRunner pipeline语法之only except rules workflow

1.only & except

参考文档：https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/ci/yaml/#only--except

only和except是两个参数用分支策略来限制jobs构建,后面会逐步被rules替代

only定义哪些分支和标签的git项目将会被job执行。
except定义哪些分支和标签的git项目将不会被job执行

示例

job:
  # use regexp
  only:
    - /^issue-.*$/
  # use special keyword
  except:
    - branches

2.rules

rules允许按顺序评估单个规则对象的列表，直到一个匹配并为作业动态提供属性. 请注意， rules不能only/except与only/except组合使用。

可用的规则条款包括：

1.if （类似于only:variables ）
2.changes （ only:changes相同）
3。exists

示例1：rules:if

如果DOMAIN的值匹配，则需要手动运行。不匹配则默认匹配到on_success。 条件判断从上到下，匹配即停止。多条件匹配可以使用&& ||

variables:
  DOMAIN: www.example.com

deploy:
  stage: deploy
  script:
    - echo "hello deploy"
    - sleep 2;
  rules:
    - if: '$DOMAIN == "example.com"'
      when: manual
    - if: '$DOMAIN == "www.example.com"'
      when: delayed
      start_in: '10'
    - when: on_success

示例2：rules:changes

接受文件路径数组。 如果提交中Jenkinsfile文件发生的变化则为true。

codescan:
  stage: codescan
  tags:
    - build
  script:
    - echo "codescan"
    - sleep 5;
  #parallel: 5
  rules:
    - changes:
      - Jenkinsfile
      when: manual
    - if: '$DOMAIN == "example.com"'
      when: on_success
    - when: on_success

示例3：rules:exists

接受文件路径数组。当仓库中存在指定的文件时操作。

codescan:
  stage: codescan
  tags:
    - build
  script:
    - echo "codescan"
    - sleep 5;
  #parallel: 5
  rules:
    - exists:
      - Jenkinsfile
      when: manual 
    - changes:
      - Jenkinsfile
      when: on_success
    - if: '$DOMAIN == "example.com"'
      when: on_success
    - when: on_success

示例4：rules:allow_failure

使用allow_failure: true rules:在不停止管道本身的情况下允许作业失败或手动作业等待操作.

job:
  script: "echo Hello, Rules!"
  rules:
    - if: '$CI_MERGE_REQUEST_TARGET_BRANCH_NAME == "master"'
      when: manual
      allow_failure: true

在此示例中，如果第一个规则匹配，则作业将具有以下when: manual和allow_failure: true。

3.workflow

顶级workflow:关键字适用于整个管道，并将确定是否创建管道。when ：可以设置为always或never . 如果未提供，则默认值always。

示例

variables:
  DOMAIN: example.com

workflow:
  rules:
    - if: '$DOMAIN == "example.com"'  #如果不匹配则 不执行pipeline
    - when: never

4.综合示例

before_script:
  - echo "before-script!!"

variables:
  DOMAIN: example.com
  
workflow:
  rules:
    - if: '$DOMAIN == "example.com"'
      when: always
    - when: never
    
stages:
  - build
  - test
  - codescan
  - deploy

build:
  before_script:
    - echo "before-script in job"
  stage: build
  script:
    - echo "mvn clean "
    - echo "mvn install"
    - ech "$DOMAIN"
  after_script:
    - echo "after script in buildjob"
  rules:
    - exists:
      - Dockerfile
      when: on_success 
      allow_failure: true

    - changes:
      - Dockerfile
      when: manual
    - when: on_failure

unittest:
  stage: test
  script:
    - ech "run test"
  when: delayed
  start_in: '5'
  allow_failure: true
  retry:
    max: 1
    when:
      - script_failure
  timeout: 1 hours 10 minutes
  
  

deploy:
  stage: deploy
  script:
    - echo "hello deploy"
    - sleep 2;
  rules:
    - if: '$DOMAIN == "example.com"'
      when: manual
    - if: '$DOMAIN == "aexample.com"'
      when: delayed
      start_in: '5'
    - when: on_failure
  
codescan:
  stage: codescan
  script:
    - echo "codescan"
    - sleep 5;
  when: on_success
  parallel: 5
 
after_script:
  - echo "after-script"