Dockerize PostgreSQL
Dockerize PostgreSQL
Installing PostgreSQL on Docker
Assuming there is no Docker image that suits your needs on the Docker Hub, you can create one yourself.
Start by creating a new Dockerfile
:
Note: This PostgreSQL setup is for development-only purposes. Refer to the PostgreSQL documentation to fine-tune these settings so that it is suitably secure.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 | # # example Dockerfile for https://docs.docker.com/engine/examples/postgresql_service/ # FROM ubuntu # Add the PostgreSQL PGP key to verify their Debian packages. # It should be the same key as https://www.postgresql.org/media/keys/ACCC4CF8.asc RUN apt-key adv --keyserver hkp://p80.pool.sks-keyservers.net: 80 --recv-keys B97B0AFCAA1A47F044F244A07FCC7D46ACCC4CF8 # Add PostgreSQL's repository. It contains the most recent stable release # of PostgreSQL, ``9.3``. RUN echo "deb http://apt.postgresql.org/pub/repos/apt/ precise-pgdg main" > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/pgdg.list # Install ``python-software-properties``, ``software-properties-common`` and PostgreSQL 9.3 # There are some warnings (in red) that show up during the build. You can hide # them by prefixing each apt-get statement with DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y python-software-properties software-properties-common postgresql- 9 . 3 postgresql-client- 9 . 3 postgresql-contrib- 9 . 3 # Note: The official Debian and Ubuntu images automatically ``apt-get clean`` # after each ``apt-get`` # Run the rest of the commands as the ``postgres`` user created by the ``postgres-9.3`` package when it was ``apt-get installed`` USER postgres # Create a PostgreSQL role named ``docker`` with ``docker`` as the password and # then create a database `docker` owned by the ``docker`` role. # Note: here we use ``&&\`` to run commands one after the other - the ``\`` # allows the RUN command to span multiple lines. RUN /etc/init.d/postgresql start &&\ psql --command "CREATE USER docker WITH SUPERUSER PASSWORD 'docker';" &&\ createdb - O docker docker # Adjust PostgreSQL configuration so that remote connections to the # database are possible. RUN echo "host all all 0.0.0.0/0 md5" >> /etc/postgresql/ 9 . 3 /main/pg_hba.conf # And add ``listen_addresses`` to ``/etc/postgresql/9.3/main/postgresql.conf`` RUN echo "listen_addresses='*'" >> /etc/postgresql/ 9 . 3 /main/postgresql.conf # Expose the PostgreSQL port EXPOSE 5432 # Add VOLUMEs to allow backup of config, logs and databases VOLUME [ "/etc/postgresql" , "/var/log/postgresql" , "/var/lib/postgresql" ] # Set the default command to run when starting the container CMD [ "/usr/lib/postgresql/9.3/bin/postgres" , "-D" , "/var/lib/postgresql/9.3/main" , "-c" , "config_file=/etc/postgresql/9.3/main/postgresql.conf" ] |
Build an image from the Dockerfile assign it a name.
1 | $ docker build -t eg_postgresql . |
Run the PostgreSQL server container (in the foreground):
1 | $ docker run --rm - P --name pg_test eg_postgresql |
There are 2 ways to connect to the PostgreSQL server. We can use Link Containers, or we can access it from our host (or the network).
Note: The --rm
removes the container and its image when the container exits successfully.
Using container linking
Containers can be linked to another container’s ports directly using -link remote_name:local_alias
in the client’s docker run
. This sets a number of environment variables that can then be used to connect:
1 2 3 | $ docker run --rm -t -i --link pg_test :pg eg_postgresql bash postgres @7ef98b1b7243 :/$ psql -h $PG_PORT_5432_TCP_ADDR -p $PG_PORT_5432_TCP_PORT -d docker - U docker --password |
Connecting from your host system
Assuming you have the postgresql-client installed, you can use the host-mapped port to test as well. You need to use docker ps
to find out what local host port the container is mapped to first:
1 2 3 4 5 6 | $ docker ps CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 5e24362f27f6 eg_postgresql :latest /usr/lib/postgresql/ About an hour ago Up About an hour 0 . 0 . 0 . 0 : 49153 -> 5432 /tcp pg_test $ psql -h localhost -p 49153 -d docker - U docker --password |
Testing the database
Once you have authenticated and have a docker =#
prompt, you can create a table and populate it.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 | psql ( 9 . 3 . 1 ) Type "help" for help. $ docker= # CREATE TABLE cities ( docker( # name varchar(80), docker( # location point docker( # ); CREATE TABLE $ docker= # INSERT INTO cities VALUES ('San Francisco', '(-194.0, 53.0)'); INSERT 0 1 $ docker= # select * from cities; name | location ---------------+----------- San Francisco | (- 194 , 53 ) ( 1 row) |
Using the container volumes
You can use the defined volumes to inspect the PostgreSQL log files and to backup your configuration and data:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 | $ docker run --rm --volumes-from pg_test -t -i busybox sh / # ls bin etc lib linuxrc mnt proc run sys usr dev home lib64 media opt root sbin tmp var / # ls /etc/postgresql/9.3/main/ environment pg_hba.conf postgresql.conf pg_ctl.conf pg_ident.conf start.conf /tmp # ls /var/log ldconfig postgresql |
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