Setup Git Server in CentOS 6.3

0. Environment:

Server machine: CentOS 6.3 x86

Client machine: Windows 10 Pro x86_64

 

1. Install ssh server

[server machine shell]
#yum install openssh openssh-server
#chkconfig sshd on
#/etc/init.d/sshd start

2. Create user git

[server machine shell]
#useradd git
#passwd git

3. Create an empty repository

[server machine shell]
#cd /home/git
#git init --bare sample.git
#chown -R git:git sample.git

4. Conifigure ssh client in client machine

Download Git for Windows from https://git-for-windows.github.io/

Direct link(for 64bit system): https://github.com/git-for-windows/git/releases/download/v2.6.1.windows.1/Git-2.6.1-64-bit.exe

Install it to default location(C:\Program Files\Git), add C:\Program Files\Git\usr\bin to system environment PATH

Adding C:\Program Files\Git\usr\bin to PATH to enable command ssh and ssh-keygen in cmd.exe

Replace the  email address with yours to generate public & private ssh keys

[client machine cmd]
>ssh-keygen -t rsa -C "my_email@hotmail.com"

Press Enter three times to accept default setting, sample output

Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/c/Users/<your account name>/.ssh/id_rsa):
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):
Enter same passphrase again:
Your identification has been saved in /c/Users/<your account name>/.ssh/id_rsa.
Your public key has been saved in /c/Users/<your account name>/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
SHA256:+GR+6jWy7FtN3hFBszUCq08nk3fzlIBPzI0AbTkwOo4 my_email@hotmail.com
The key's randomart image is:
+---[RSA 2048]----+
|         ++ooo+..|
|        . .=* +=.|
|       o  .o.*o. |
|      o.. . + ...|
|     E..S. =.+.+.|
|       =  o+=..oo|
|        + =.o . .|
|       . B .     |
|       oB.       |
+----[SHA256]-----+

5. Transfer client machine's public key to server machine to enable login without password

[client machine cmd]
>ssh git@<server address>

$midkr .ssh
$chmod 700 .ssh
$cd .ssh
$touch authorized_keys
$chmod 600 authorized_keys

Sample output

The authenticity of host '<server address> (<server address>)' can't be established.
RSA key fingerprint is SHA256:hsFlk18MlWP3wtNVGKcBrZijZMvCjsdlhJg/SPAn9Z0.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added '<server address>' (RSA) to the list of known hosts.
git@<server address>'s password:
Last login: Sun Oct 18 07:58:35 2015 from <client ip>
[git@localhost ~]$ mkdir .ssh
[git@localhost ~]$ chmod 700 .ssh
[git@localhost ~]$ cd .ssh
[git@localhost .ssh]$ touch authorized_keys
[git@localhost .ssh]$ chmod 600 authorized_keys

Append client's public key to server's authorized_keys file by copy-and-paste

[client machine cmd -> connected to server via ssh]
$vi ~/.ssh/authorized_keys

client machine public key location: %USERPROFILE%\.ssh\id_rsa.pub

server machine authorized_keys file location: /home/git/.ssh/authorized_keys

Sample authorized_keys file

[git@localhost ~]$ vi .ssh/authorized_keys

Logout from server and connect again to test, if ssh doesn't prompt for password, your configuration for ssh is correct.

 6. Clone remote repository

[client machine cmd]
>git clone git@<server address>:sample.git

7. Test

Create a README.md file and push to server repository

[client machine cmd]
>touch README.md
>notepad README.md       #input some content into README.md, then save
>git add README.md
>git commit -m "Intial commit for sample project"
>git push origin master

8 Done. if you want to submit code in another machine, you need to:

　　a. Append the public key of the new machine to server's authorized_keys file

　　b. Clone repository to new machine

　　c. Modify the files in new machine local repository, and push to server(remote repository)

 

---

 

If you don't want the user git login into server via shell, you can modify the type of shell for this user

[server machine shell]
#vi /etc/passwd

Locate to the end of file, change  git:**********/bin/bash to git:**********/usr/bin/git-shell 

After that, user still can use name git to push their code to server, but login via ssh is denied

C:\Users\<account name>>ssh git@<server address>
Last login: Sun Oct 18 10:42:30 2015 from <client ip>
fatal: What do you think I am? A shell?
Connection to 192.168.1.109 closed.

C:\Users\<account name>>