基于MINA实现server端心跳检测(KeepAliveFilter)
MINA自带了对心跳协议的支持,可以对心跳做出细致的配置,本文在次基础上实现了server端对client端的心跳检测。
在开始之前先简单介绍下keepAlive的机制:
首先,需要搞清楚TCP keepalive是干什么用的。从名字理解就能够知道,keepalive就是用来检测一个tcp connection是否还连接正常。当一个tcp connection建立好之后,如果双方都不发送数据的话,tcp协议本身是不会发送其它的任何数据的,也就是说,在一个idle的connection上,两个socket之间不产生任何的数据交换。从另一个方面讲,当一个connection建立之后,链接双方可以长时间的不发送任何数据,比如几天,几星期甚至几个月,但该connection仍然存在。
所以,这就可能出现一个问题。举例来说,server和client建立了一个connection,server负责接收client的request。当connection建立好之后,client由于某种原因机器停机了。但server端并不知道,所以server就会一直监听着这个connection,但其实这个connection已经失效了。
keepalive就是为这样的场景准备的。当把一个socket设置成了keepalive,那么这个socket空闲一段时间后,它就会向对方发送数据来确认对方仍然存在。放在上面的例子中,如果client停机了,那么server所发送的keepalive数据就不会有response,这样server就能够确认client完蛋了(至少从表面上看是这样)。
具体的源代码如下:
Server.java
import java.io.IOException; import java.net.InetSocketAddress; import java.nio.charset.Charset; import org.apache.mina.core.service.IoAcceptor; import org.apache.mina.core.session.IdleStatus; import org.apache.mina.core.session.IoSession; import org.apache.mina.filter.codec.ProtocolCodecFilter; import org.apache.mina.filter.keepalive.KeepAliveFilter; import org.apache.mina.filter.keepalive.KeepAliveMessageFactory; import org.apache.mina.filter.logging.LoggingFilter; import org.apache.mina.transport.socket.nio.NioSocketAcceptor; import org.slf4j.Logger; import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory; public class Server { private static final int PORT = 9123; /** 30秒后超时 */ private static final int IDELTIMEOUT = 30; /** 15秒发送一次心跳包 */ private static final int HEARTBEATRATE = 15; /** 心跳包内容 */ private static final String HEARTBEATREQUEST = "0x11"; private static final String HEARTBEATRESPONSE = "0x12"; private static final Logger LOG = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Server.class); public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException { IoAcceptor acceptor = new NioSocketAcceptor(); acceptor.getSessionConfig().setReadBufferSize(1024); acceptor.getSessionConfig().setIdleTime(IdleStatus.BOTH_IDLE, IDELTIMEOUT); acceptor.getFilterChain().addLast("logger", new LoggingFilter()); acceptor.getFilterChain().addLast( "codec", new ProtocolCodecFilter(new TextLineCodecFactory())); KeepAliveMessageFactory heartBeatFactory = new KeepAliveMessageFactoryImpl(); //下面注释掉的是自定义Handler方式 // KeepAliveRequestTimeoutHandler heartBeatHandler = new // KeepAliveRequestTimeoutHandlerImpl(); // KeepAliveFilter heartBeat = new KeepAliveFilter(heartBeatFactory, // IdleStatus.BOTH_IDLE, heartBeatHandler); KeepAliveFilter heartBeat = new KeepAliveFilter(heartBeatFactory, IdleStatus.BOTH_IDLE); //设置是否forward到下一个filter heartBeat.setForwardEvent(true); //设置心跳频率 heartBeat.setRequestInterval(HEARTBEATRATE); acceptor.getFilterChain().addLast("heartbeat", heartBeat); acceptor.setHandler(new MyIoHandler()); acceptor.bind(new InetSocketAddress(PORT)); System.out.println("Server started on port: " + PORT); } /** * @ClassName KeepAliveMessageFactoryImpl * @Description 内部类,实现KeepAliveMessageFactory(心跳工厂) * @author cruise * */ private static class KeepAliveMessageFactoryImpl implements KeepAliveMessageFactory { @Override public boolean isRequest(IoSession session, Object message) { LOG.info("请求心跳包信息: " + message); if (message.equals(HEARTBEATREQUEST)) return true; return false; } @Override public boolean isResponse(IoSession session, Object message) { // LOG.info("响应心跳包信息: " + message); // if(message.equals(HEARTBEATRESPONSE)) // return true; return false; } @Override public Object getRequest(IoSession session) { LOG.info("请求预设信息: " + HEARTBEATREQUEST); /** 返回预设语句 */ return HEARTBEATREQUEST; } @Override public Object getResponse(IoSession session, Object request) { LOG.info("响应预设信息: " + HEARTBEATRESPONSE); /** 返回预设语句 */ return HEARTBEATRESPONSE; // return null; } } /** * 对应上面的注释 * KeepAliveFilter(heartBeatFactory,IdleStatus.BOTH_IDLE,heartBeatHandler) * 心跳超时处理 * KeepAliveFilter 在没有收到心跳消息的响应时,会报告给的KeepAliveRequestTimeoutHandler。 * 默认的处理是 KeepAliveRequestTimeoutHandler.CLOSE * (即如果不给handler参数,则会使用默认的从而Close这个Session) * @author cruise * */ // private static class KeepAliveRequestTimeoutHandlerImpl implements // KeepAliveRequestTimeoutHandler { // // // @Override // public void keepAliveRequestTimedOut(KeepAliveFilter filter, // IoSession session) throws Exception { // Server.LOG.info("心跳超时!"); // } // // } }
MyIoHandler.java
import org.apache.mina.core.service.IoHandlerAdapter; import org.apache.mina.core.session.IoSession; import org.slf4j.Logger; import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory; public class MyIoHandler extends IoHandlerAdapter{ private final static Logger log = LoggerFactory .getLogger(MyIoHandler.class); @Override public void sessionOpened(IoSession session) throws Exception { } @Override public void sessionClosed(IoSession session) throws Exception { } @Override public void messageReceived(IoSession session, Object message) throws Exception { String ip = session.getRemoteAddress().toString(); log.info("===> Message From " + ip + " : " + message); } }
启动Server后,运行telnet客户端连接到Server端,便可以测试心跳;
测试结果如下图: