setuptools的使用
1.什么是setuptools
setuptoolssetuptools是 Python Enterprise Application Kit(PEAK)的一个副项目,是Python distutils增强版的集合,它可以帮助我们更简单的创建和分发Python包,尤其是拥有依赖关系的。Python还可以帮助我们管理第三方依赖包。
2.安装setuptools
我们使用ez_setup.py来安装,这是 setuptools 自豪的一种安装方式,会自动下载匹配当前Python版本的安装包来安装。
ez_setup.py文件:http://download.csdn.net/detail/chenjintaoxp/6399857
Window中cmd下执行 python ez_setup.py
3利用setuptools制作egg
1〉在C:\Demo\下创建setup.py . (Demo相当于工程)
#from distutils.core import setup from setuptools import setup, find_packages setup( name = 'foo',#包名 version = '0.0.1',#版本号 packages = find_packages()#搜索Demo下的包 )
2〉C:\Demo\创建包foo,C:\Demo\foo\__init__.py
#!/usr/bin/python def say(): print 'hello' if __name__ == '__main__': say()
3〉cmd进入C:\Demo,执行python setup.py bdist_egg,会在C:\demo\dist下找到生成的egg文件:foo-0.0.1-py2.7.egg (Python2.7环境)
C:\Demo 的目录 2013/10/15 00:10 <DIR> . 2013/10/15 00:10 <DIR> .. 2013/10/15 00:11 <DIR> foo 2013/10/15 00:10 173 setup.py 1 个文件 173 字节 3 个目录 15,546,511,360 可用字节 C:\Demo>python setup.py bdist_egg running bdist_egg running egg_info creating foo.egg-info writing foo.egg-info\PKG-INFO writing top-level names to foo.egg-info\top_level.txt writing dependency_links to foo.egg-info\dependency_links.txt writing manifest file 'foo.egg-info\SOURCES.txt' reading manifest file 'foo.egg-info\SOURCES.txt' writing manifest file 'foo.egg-info\SOURCES.txt' installing library code to build\bdist.win32\egg running install_lib running build_py creating build creating build\lib creating build\lib\foo copying foo\__init__.py -> build\lib\foo creating build\bdist.win32 creating build\bdist.win32\egg creating build\bdist.win32\egg\foo copying build\lib\foo\__init__.py -> build\bdist.win32\egg\foo byte-compiling build\bdist.win32\egg\foo\__init__.py to __init__.pyc creating build\bdist.win32\egg\EGG-INFO copying foo.egg-info\PKG-INFO -> build\bdist.win32\egg\EGG-INFO copying foo.egg-info\SOURCES.txt -> build\bdist.win32\egg\EGG-INFO copying foo.egg-info\dependency_links.txt -> build\bdist.win32\egg\EGG-INFO copying foo.egg-info\top_level.txt -> build\bdist.win32\egg\EGG-INFO zip_safe flag not set; analyzing archive contents... creating dist creating 'dist\foo-0.0.1-py2.7.egg' and adding 'build\bdist.win32\egg' to it removing 'build\bdist.win32\egg' (and everything under it) C:\Demo>
4〉利用easy_install来安装生成的
foo-0.0.1-py2.7.egg包
C:\Demo\dist 的目录 2013/10/15 00:13 <DIR> . 2013/10/15 00:13 <DIR> .. 2013/10/15 00:13 1,334 foo-0.0.1-py2.7.egg 1 个文件 1,334 字节 2 个目录 15,546,499,072 可用字节 C:\Demo\dist>easy_install foo-0.0.1-py2.7.egg Processing foo-0.0.1-py2.7.egg Copying foo-0.0.1-py2.7.egg to c:\python27\lib\site-packages Adding foo 0.0.1 to easy-install.pth file Installed c:\python27\lib\site-packages\foo-0.0.1-py2.7.egg Processing dependencies for foo==0.0.1 Finished processing dependencies for foo==0.0.1 C:\Demo\dist>
从安装的过程来看,egg包是安装在
c:\python27\lib\site-packages\
5〉测试结果如下
In [1]: import foo In [2]: foo.say() hello In [3]:
说明foo包已经安装成功。
foo包的Demo工程地址:http://download.csdn.net/detail/chenjintaoxp/6400019
4.使用setuptools的easy_install(管理第三方包)
安装一个包: #通过包名安装一个普通的包(从PyPI搜索自动安装) ex:easy_install SQLObject #在指定的下载URL中,通过包名安装和更新包 ex:easy_install -f http://pythonpaste.org/package_index.html SQLObject #通过source发布的URL,下载,编译,安装包 ex:easy_install http://example.com/path/to/MyPackage-1.2.3.tgz #通过egg文件去安装包(如:foo包的安装) ex:easy_install /my_downloads/OtherPackage-3.2.1-py2.3.egg #更新已经安装的包到最近版本 ex:easy_install --upgrade PyProtocols 更新一个包: #将目前包更新到2.0版本 ex:easy_install "SomePackage==2.0" #将目前包更新到>2.0的一个版本 ex:easy_install "SomePackage>2.0" #更新到包的最新版本 ex:easy_install --upgrade SomePackage #通过URL来更新 ex:easy_install -f http://example.com/downloads ExamplePackage ex:easy_install http://example.com/downloads/ExamplePackage-2.0-py2.4.egg ex:easy_install my_downloads/ExamplePackage-2.0.tgz 卸载一个包: #通过包名卸载包 ex:easy_install -mxN PackageName
详细easy_install使用参照:http://peak.telecommunity.com/DevCenter/EasyInstall