UVA 11881 Internal Rate of Return(数学+二分)

In finance, Internal Rate of Return (IRR) is the discount rate of an investment when NPV equals zero. Formally, given TCF0CF1, ..., CFT, then IRR is the solution to the following equation:

 

 

NPV = CF0 + $\displaystyle {CF_1 \over {1+IRR}}$ + $\displaystyle {CF_2 \over {(1+IRR)^2}}$ + K + $\displaystyle {CF_T \over {(1+IRR)^T}}$ = 0

 

Your task is to find all valid IRRs. In this problem, the initial cash-flow CF0 < 0, while other cash-flows are all positive (CFi > 0 for all i = 1, 2,...).

Important: IRR can be negative, but it must be satisfied that IRR > - 1.

Input 

There will be at most 25 test cases. Each test case contains two lines. The first line contains a single integer T ( 1$ \le$T$ \le$10), the number of positive cash-flows. The second line contains T + 1 integers: CF0CF1,CF2, ..., CFT, where CF0 < 00 < CFi < 10000 ( i = 1, 2,..., T). The input terminates by T = 0.

Output 

For each test case, print a single line, containing the value of IRR, rounded to two decimal points. If noIRR exists, print ``No" (without quotes); if there are multiple IRRs, print ``Too many"(without quotes).

 

题目大意:给出CF[0]<0,CF[i]>0,i>0,求IRR(IRR>-1)令NPV = 0.

思路:设f(IRR) = NPV,这就变成了一个函数,稍微观察一下,可以发现当IRR∈(-1, +∞)的时候是单调递减的(好像是吧做完忘了),这样我们就可以二分答案0点了。当IRR无限接近-1的时候,f(IRR)→+∞(好像是吧),当IRR→+∞时,f(IRR)→CF[0]<0,令left = -1、right = 1e5(我也不知道该取什么我随便取的然后AC了),随便二分一下就好。

PS:恩?说完了?那什么时候输出No和Too many啊?关于这个坑爹的问题,看完前面的分析,笔者完全不知道什么时候会出现这两个答案,于是妥妥地没将这两个东西写进代码然后AC了。这里还有一个小技巧,题目的样例完全没有出现No和Too many这两种答案,很可能说明这两种答案都是不存在的。比如很多的题目说如果什么什么得不到答案就输出-1那样,它的样例大多都会有一个是输出-1的,当然这不是绝对的……

 

代码(15MS):

 1 #include <cstdio>
 2 #include <cstring>
 3 #include <algorithm>
 4 #include <iostream>
 5 #include <cmath>
 6 using namespace std;
 7 
 8 const int MAXN = 13;
 9 const double EPS = 1e-4;
10 
11 inline int sgn(double x) {
12     if(fabs(x) < EPS) return 0;
13     return x > 0 ? 1 : -1;
14 }
15 
16 int CF[MAXN];
17 int T;
18 
19 double f(double IRR) {
20     double ret = CF[0], tmp = 1 + IRR;
21     for(int i = 1; i <= T; ++i) {
22         ret += CF[i] / tmp;
23         tmp = tmp * (1 + IRR);
24     }
25     return ret;
26 }
27 
28 double solve() {
29     double ans = -2;
30     double L = -1, R = 1e5;
31     while(R - L > EPS) {
32         double mid = (R + L) / 2;
33         if(sgn(f(mid)) == 1) L = mid;
34         else R = mid;
35     }
36     return ans = L;
37 }
38 
39 int main() {
40     while(scanf("%d", &T) != EOF) {
41         if(T == 0) break;
42         for(int i = 0; i <= T; ++i) scanf("%d", &CF[i]);
43         //double t; while(cin>>t) cout<<f(t)<<endl;
44         printf("%.2f\n", solve());
45     }
46 }
View Code

 

posted @ 2013-08-23 22:15  Oyking  阅读(574)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报