初探Remoting双向通信(三)
初探Remoting双向通信(三)
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三、利用事件实现服务器向客户端通信
按照之前的思路,这次利用Marshal得到的对象,去触发事件,而事件的订阅端为客户端。为了说明问题,我重新命名了一些函数和事件名,代码如下:
远程对象:
- using System;
- using System.Collections.Generic;
- using System.Linq;
- using System.Text;
-
- namespace Remoting
- {
- public delegate void MyDelegate(string msg);
- public class RemotingObject:MarshalByRefObject
- {
-
- public event MyDelegate SubscribeAtServer;//在客户端触发,在服务器订阅的事件
- public event MyDelegate SubscribeAtClient;//在服务器触发,在客户端订阅的事件
- //客户端触发事件
- public void TriggerAtClient(string msg)
- {
- if (SubscribeAtServer != null)
- SubscribeAtServer(msg);
- }
- //服务器触发事件
- public void TriggerAtServer(string msg)
- {
- if (SubscribeAtClient != null)
- SubscribeAtClient(msg);
- }
-
- //无限生命周期
- public override object InitializeLifetimeService()
- {
- return null;
- }
- }
- }
服务器:
- using System;
- using System.Collections.Generic;
- using System.ComponentModel;
- using System.Data;
- using System.Drawing;
- using System.Linq;
- using System.Text;
- using System.Windows.Forms;
- using System.Runtime.Remoting;
- using System.Runtime.Remoting.Channels;
- using System.Runtime.Remoting.Channels.Tcp;
- using Remoting;
- namespace Server
- {
- public partial class ServerForm : Form
- {
- RemotingObject marshal_obj;
- public ServerForm()
- {
- InitializeComponent();
- StartServer();
- }
- //开启服务器
- public void StartServer()
- {
- //注册信道
- TcpChannel tcpchannel = new TcpChannel(8080);
- ChannelServices.RegisterChannel(tcpchannel,false);
- //服务器获取远程对象
- marshal_obj = new RemotingObject();
- ObjRef objRef = RemotingServices.Marshal(marshal_obj, "url");
- //服务器绑定客户端触发的事件
- marshal_obj.SubscribeAtServer+=new MyDelegate(marshal_obj_SubscribeAtServer);
- }
-
- void marshal_obj_SubscribeAtServer(string msg)
- {
- //跨线程调用
- textBox2.Invoke(new Action<string>(str => { textBox2.AppendText(str); }), msg);
- }
-
- private void 广播发送_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
- {
- marshal_obj.TriggerAtServer("服务器--" + this.ServerIP() + System.Environment.NewLine + textBox1.Text + System.Environment.NewLine);
- }
-
- //获取本地ip
- public string ServerIP()
- {
- return System.Net.Dns.GetHostAddresses(System.Net.Dns.GetHostName())[0].ToString();
- }
- }
- }
客户端:
- using System;
- using System.Collections.Generic;
- using System.ComponentModel;
- using System.Data;
- using System.Drawing;
- using System.Linq;
- using System.Text;
- using System.Windows.Forms;
- using System.Runtime.Remoting;
- using System.Runtime.Remoting.Channels;
- using System.Runtime.Remoting.Channels.Tcp;
- using Remoting;
-
- namespace Client
- {
- public partial class ClientForm : Form
- {
- RemotingObject obj;
- public ClientForm()
- {
- InitializeComponent();
- StartClient();
- }
-
- private void 发送_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
- {
- obj.TriggerAtClient("客户端--" + this.ClientIP() + System.Environment.NewLine + textBox1.Text + System.Environment.NewLine);
- }
- //开启客户端
- public void StartClient()
- {
- //注册信道
- TcpChannel tcpchannel = new TcpChannel(0);
- ChannelServices.RegisterChannel(tcpchannel, false);
- //获取代理
- obj = (RemotingObject)Activator.GetObject(typeof(RemotingObject), "tcp://localhost:8080/url");
- //订阅服务器事件
- obj.SubscribeAtClient += new MyDelegate(obj_SubscribeAtClient);
- }
-
- void obj_SubscribeAtClient(string msg)
- {
- textBox1.Invoke(new Action<string>((str) => { textBox1.AppendText(str); }),msg);
- }
- //获取本地ip
- public string ClientIP()
- {
- return System.Net.Dns.GetHostAddresses(System.Net.Dns.GetHostName())[0].ToString();
- }
- }
- }
这时我很忐忑的运行代码,结果表明我的担心不是多余的。在客户端报错如下,
简单点说,这个错误的意思就是客户端获取的那个代理对象,用它来订阅服务器的事件是订阅不到的。
想想似乎也对,之前客户端触发事件,服务器去订阅,服务器能订阅到,那是因为客户端那个对象本身就是服务器端创建的那个对象,只是让它跑到客户端那里去触发了一个方法而已,它调用的所有东西都是服务器的(还记得我之前在第一篇中的那个return 0的猫腻吧)。但是现在反过来就不对了,服务器端触发事件是远程对象里的事件,远程对象想要被客户端访问就必须被序列化,原因就在于事件是基于委托的,而.net的委托一般是不能被序列化的。那么如何序列化委托和事件呢?
我查了资料,这就需要换一种方式注册信道,在注册信道的时候强制设置可序列化级别为"所有类型",这样就可以将事件序列化。
服务器端注册信道改为:
- //设置反序列化级别
- BinaryServerFormatterSinkProvider serverProvider = new BinaryServerFormatterSinkProvider();
- BinaryClientFormatterSinkProvider clientProvider = new BinaryClientFormatterSinkProvider();
- serverProvider.TypeFilterLevel = TypeFilterLevel.Full;//支持所有类型的反序列化,级别很高
-
- //信道端口
- IDictionary idic = new Dictionary<string, int>();
- idic["port"]=8080;
-
- //注册信道
- TcpChannel tcpchannel = new TcpChannel(idic,clientProvider,serverProvider);
- ChannelServices.RegisterChannel(tcpchannel,false);
客户端注册信道改为:
- //设置反序列化级别
- BinaryServerFormatterSinkProvider serverProvider = new BinaryServerFormatterSinkProvider();
- BinaryClientFormatterSinkProvider clientProvider = new BinaryClientFormatterSinkProvider();
- serverProvider.TypeFilterLevel = TypeFilterLevel.Full;//支持所有类型的反序列化,级别很高
-
- //信道端口
- IDictionary idic = new Dictionary<string, int>();
- idic["port"] = 0;
-
- //注册信道
- TcpChannel tcpchannel = new TcpChannel(idic, clientProvider, serverProvider);
- ChannelServices.RegisterChannel(tcpchannel,false);
注:客户端的端口号不能与服务器一致,否则将出现"通常每个套接字地址(协议/网络地址/端口)只允许使用一次"的异常,将其设置为0,则客户端自动选择可用的端口。
这时候我再次运行上面的代码,满怀期待,可还是在客户端出又报错了,如下,
又是这一句,没错,老是这里出错。不过这次比上次好多了,最起码报错不一样了,说明刚才那个问题解决了。现在仔细看看这次的错误提示,大概是说文件不存在于客户端,即找不到obj_SubscribeAtClient这个函数,无法订阅事件。
我不得不静下来好好整理下思路了:客户端获取的这个对象,我一致都强调它其实是在服务器存活的,只是获取了服务器的代理,同一个引用。虽然它跨越了程序域,并且你可以调用它在服务器的方法,而在客户端去获取某个返回值。但是并不代表你可以改变它,比如你对这个远程对象中的事件进行+操作,不就是改变了它的内部结构么,它是在服务器端的,它怎么可能知道有一个obj_SubscribeAtClient函数需要绑定呢?这个函数在服务器根本就不存在。
我又参考了许多资料,其中"虾皮"的博客很给力,找到了其中的关键技术。解决办法就是利用一个中间事件进行交换,有点难以理解奥。先代码把,在远程对象的程序集里再添加一个类,这个类就专门定义一个事件,这个事件和服务器端触发的事件一模一样,如下:
- using System;
- using System.Collections.Generic;
- using System.Linq;
- using System.Text;
-
- namespace Remoting
- {
-
- public class Swap : MarshalByRefObject
- {
-
- public event MyDelegate SwapSubscribeAtClient;//在服务器触发,在客户端订阅的事件
-
- //服务器触发事件
- public void TriggerAtServerSwapEvent(string msg)
- {
- if (SwapSubscribeAtClient != null)
- SwapSubscribeAtClient(msg);
- }
-
- //无限生命周期
- public override object InitializeLifetimeService()
- {
- return null;
- }
- }
- }
之前生成的远程对象的dll应该是RemotingObject.dll, 这时候也要换了,因为这时候dll里应该有两个类了,重新编译为Remoting.dll
下面说一下如何交换:
上面的Swap交换类同样继承了 MarshalByRefObject,说明它也可以跨程序域。如果客户订阅定事件的时候先订阅到Swap的对象上,然后Swap的事件才被客户端订阅,这样就利用一个交换机制实现了订阅。因为在订阅Swap的时候,服务器发现自己本地也有Swap,所以它可以找到,而这个Swap对象又恰恰是在客户端实例化的,所以Swap的对象也可以订阅客户端的事件。有点绕哈,看最新的代码吧,
远程对象:
- using System;
- using System.Collections.Generic;
- using System.Linq;
- using System.Text;
-
- namespace Remoting
- {
- public delegate void MyDelegate(string msg);
- public class RemotingObject:MarshalByRefObject
- {
-
- public event MyDelegate SubscribeAtServer;//在客户端触发,在服务器订阅的事件
- public event MyDelegate SubscribeAtClient;//在服务器触发,在客户端订阅的事件
-
- //服务器触发事件
- public void TriggerAtClient(string msg)
- {
- if (SubscribeAtServer != null)
- SubscribeAtServer(msg);
- }
- //客户端触发事件
- public void TriggerAtServer(string msg)
- {
- if (SubscribeAtClient != null)
- SubscribeAtClient(msg);
- }
-
- //无限生命周期
- public override object InitializeLifetimeService()
- {
- return null;
- }
- }
- }
- using System;
- using System.Collections.Generic;
- using System.Linq;
- using System.Text;
-
- namespace Remoting
- {
-
- public class Swap : MarshalByRefObject
- {
-
- public event MyDelegate SwapSubscribeAtClient;//在服务器触发,在客户端订阅的事件
-
- //服务器触发事件
- public void TriggerAtServerSwapEvent(string msg)
- {
- if (SwapSubscribeAtClient != null)
- SwapSubscribeAtClient(msg);
- }
-
- //无限生命周期
- public override object InitializeLifetimeService()
- {
- return null;
- }
- }
- }
服务器:
- using System;
- using System.Collections.Generic;
- using System.ComponentModel;
- using System.Data;
- using System.Drawing;
- using System.Linq;
- using System.Text;
- using System.Windows.Forms;
- using System.Runtime.Remoting;
- using System.Runtime.Remoting.Channels;
- using System.Runtime.Remoting.Channels.Tcp;
- using Remoting;
- using System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters;
- using System.Collections;
- namespace Server
- {
- public partial class ServerForm : Form
- {
- RemotingObject marshal_obj;
- public ServerForm()
- {
- InitializeComponent();
- StartServer();
- }
- //开启服务器
- public void StartServer()
- {
-
-
- //设置反序列化级别
- BinaryServerFormatterSinkProvider serverProvider = new BinaryServerFormatterSinkProvider();
- BinaryClientFormatterSinkProvider clientProvider = new BinaryClientFormatterSinkProvider();
- serverProvider.TypeFilterLevel = TypeFilterLevel.Full;//支持所有类型的反序列化,级别很高
-
- //信道端口
- IDictionary idic = new Dictionary<string, int>();
- idic["port"]=8080;
-
- //注册信道
- TcpChannel tcpchannel = new TcpChannel(idic,clientProvider,serverProvider);
- ChannelServices.RegisterChannel(tcpchannel,false);
-
- //服务器获取远程对象
- marshal_obj = new RemotingObject();
- ObjRef objRef = RemotingServices.Marshal(marshal_obj, "url");
-
- //服务器绑定客户端触发的事件
- marshal_obj.SubscribeAtServer += new MyDelegate(marshal_obj_SubscribeAtServer);
-
- }
-
- void marshal_obj_SubscribeAtServer(string msg)
- {
- //跨线程调用
- textBox2.Invoke(new Action<string>(str => { textBox2.AppendText(str); }), msg);
- }
-
- private void 广播发送_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
- {
- marshal_obj.TriggerAtServer("服务器--" + this.ServerIP() + System.Environment.NewLine + textBox1.Text + System.Environment.NewLine);
- }
-
- //获取本地ip
- public string ServerIP()
- {
- return System.Net.Dns.GetHostAddresses(System.Net.Dns.GetHostName())[0].ToString();
- }
- }
- }
客户端:
- using System;
- using System.Collections.Generic;
- using System.ComponentModel;
- using System.Data;
- using System.Drawing;
- using System.Linq;
- using System.Text;
- using System.Windows.Forms;
- using System.Runtime.Remoting;
- using System.Runtime.Remoting.Channels;
- using System.Runtime.Remoting.Channels.Tcp;
- using Remoting;
- using System.Collections;
- using System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters;
-
- namespace Client
- {
- public partial class ClientForm : Form
- {
- RemotingObject obj;
- public ClientForm()
- {
- InitializeComponent();
- StartClient();
- }
-
- private void 发送_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
- {
- obj.TriggerAtClient("客户端--" + this.ClientIP() + System.Environment.NewLine + textBox1.Text + System.Environment.NewLine);
- }
- //开启客户端
- public void StartClient()
- {
- //设置反序列化级别
- BinaryServerFormatterSinkProvider serverProvider = new BinaryServerFormatterSinkProvider();
- BinaryClientFormatterSinkProvider clientProvider = new BinaryClientFormatterSinkProvider();
- serverProvider.TypeFilterLevel = TypeFilterLevel.Full;//支持所有类型的反序列化,级别很高
-
- //信道端口
- IDictionary idic = new Dictionary<string, int>();
- idic["port"] = 0;
-
- //注册信道
- TcpChannel tcpchannel = new TcpChannel(idic, clientProvider, serverProvider);
- ChannelServices.RegisterChannel(tcpchannel,false);
-
- //获取代理
- obj = (RemotingObject)Activator.GetObject(typeof(RemotingObject), "tcp://localhost:8080/url");
- //订阅服务器事件
- Swap swap = new Swap();
- obj.SubscribeAtClient += new MyDelegate(swap.TriggerAtServerSwapEvent);
- swap.SwapSubscribeAtClient += new MyDelegate(obj_SubscribeAtClient);
- }
-
- void obj_SubscribeAtClient(string msg)
- {
- textBox1.Invoke(new Action<string>((str) => { textBox2.AppendText(str); }),msg);
- }
- //获取本地ip
- public string ClientIP()
- {
- return System.Net.Dns.GetHostAddresses(System.Net.Dns.GetHostName())[0].ToString();
- }
- }
- }
运行结果自然成功了,如下
这几乎可以让我以此为基础,对我的项目进行改写了,可是问题还是有的,下篇继续。
(注:上面的Demo在此处下载http://download.csdn.net/detail/kkkkkxiaofei/5648577)