Java中的23种设计模式之——简单工厂模式(3)

简单工厂模式:就是如何去实例化对象的问题,对于很容易变化的问题,应该考虑用一个单独的类来做这个创造实例的过程,这就是工厂。

简单工厂和工厂方法的区别:简单工厂模式的最大优点在于工厂类中包含了必要的逻辑判断,根据客户端的选择条件动态实例化相关的类,对于客户端来说,去除了与具体产品的依赖。 
就像这个计算器,让客户端不用管该用哪个类的实例,只需要把“+”给工厂,工厂自动就给出了相应的实例,客户端只要去运算就可以了,不同的实例会实现不同的运算。 

这里使用计算器的例子:

public class Operation {
    private double numberA = 0;
    private double numberB = 0;
    public double getNumberA() {
        return numberA;
    }
    public void setNumberA(double numberA) {
        this.numberA = numberA;
    }
    public double getNumberB() {
        return numberB;
    }
    public void setNumberB(double numberB) {
        this.numberB = numberB;
    }
    public  double getResult() {
        double result = 0;
        return result;
    }
}

调用函数:

public class RunOperation {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
         {
              //简单工厂模式
             Operation operation ;
//          operation = OperrateFactory.createOperate("+");
//          operation = OperrateFactory.createOperate("-");
//          operation = OperrateFactory.createOperate("*");
             operation = OperrateFactory.createOperate("+");
             operation.setNumberA(1);
             operation.setNumberB(2);
             System.out.println("简单工厂模式:"+operation.getResult());
         }
    }
}

在这个例子中,只需要输入运算符,工厂就实例化出合适的对象,通过多态返回父类的方式实现了计算器的结果。而客户端只要这样调用就可以了,如下:

public class OperrateFactory {
     public static Operation createOperate(String operate) {
            Operation oper = null;
            if (operate.equals("+")) {
                oper = new OperationAdd();
            } else if (operate.equals("-")) {
                oper = new OperationSub();
            } else if (operate.equals("*")) {
                oper = new OperationMul();
            } else if (operate.equals("/")) {
                oper = new OperationDiv();
            }
            return oper;
        }
}

 

加法

public class OperationAdd extends Operation{
    @Override
    public double getResult() {
        double result = 0;
        result = getNumberA() + getNumberB();
        return result;
    }
}

除法

public class OperationDiv extends Operation{
    @Override
    public double getResult() {
        double result = 0;
            try {
                if (0 == getNumberB()){
                    throw new Exception("除数不能为0");
                }
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
        }
        result = getNumberA() / getNumberB();
        return result;
    }
}

乘法

public class OperationMul extends Operation {
    @Override
    public double getResult() {
        double result = 0;
        result = getNumberA() * getNumberB();
        return result;
    }
}

 减法

public class OperationSub extends Operation{
    @Override
    public double getResult() {
        double result = 0;
        result = getNumberA() - getNumberB();
        return result;
    }
}

 

posted on 2018-01-29 18:01  依米欧  阅读(203)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报