2019.9.21 Tomcat多实例及负载均衡

 

 

 

 

 

 

如上图所示实例的多分配，每个实例（假设可以连接400个用户）对应一个java，那4个java和4给实例就是1600的用户，相比一台服务器就一个实例的话，这样可以尽可能的充分运用硬件资源并合理应用。如果并发2万的用户的话至少需要9台左右的服务器，才可以容纳，5台tomcat服务器，2台nginx调度器服务器，2台数据库服务器。

 

 

一，Tomcat多实列的配置

 

 

 

1，解压并部署tomcat程序

[root@localhost ~]# tar xf  apache-tomcat-8.5.40.tar.gz 

[root@localhost ~]# mv apache-tomcat-8.5.40 /usr/local/

2，创建2个实例的工作目录

[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p /usr/local/tomcat_instance/tomcat1
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p /usr/local/tomcat_instance/tomcat2

3，拷贝tomcat程序目录下的conf目录分别放入2给实例目录中

[root@localhost ~]# cp -R /usr/local/apache-tomcat-8.5.40/conf/ /usr/local/tomcat_instance/tomcat1/

[root@localhost ~]# cp -R /usr/local/apache-tomcat-8.5.40/conf/ /usr/local/tomcat_instance/tomcat2/

4，在tomcat实例目录下的bin目录中创建实例启动和停止脚本

[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /usr/local/tomcat_instance/tomcat1/bin
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /usr/local/tomcat_instance/tomcat2/bin
[root@localhost ~]# touch /usr/local/tomcat_instance/tomcat2//bin/startup.sh
[root@localhost ~]# touch /usr/local/tomcat_instance/tomcat1//bin/startup.sh

5，给开启脚本权限

[root@localhost ~]# chmod +x /usr/local/tomcat_instance/tomcat1/bin/startup.sh
[root@localhost ~]# chmod +x /usr/local/tomcat_instance/tomcat2/bin/startup.sh

6，编辑第一个实例开启脚本

[root@localhost ~]# vim /usr/local/tomcat_instance/tomcat1/bin/startup.sh         //编辑第一个实例开启脚本

#!/bin/bash

export CATALINA_HOME="/usr/local/apache-tomcat-8.5.40"
export CATALINA_BASE="/usr/local/tomcat_instance/tomcat1"
export CATALINA_TMPDIR="$CATALINA_BASE/temp"
export CATALINA_PID="$CATALINA_BASE/bin/tomcat.pid"
export JAVA_OPTS="-server -Xms1024m -Xmx1024m -Djava.awt.headless=true -Dtomcat.name=tomcat1"

#创建logs目录
if [ ! -d "$CATALINA_BASE/logs" ]; then
mkdir $CATALINA_BASE/logs
fi

#创建temp目录
if [ ! -d "$CATALINA_BASE/temp" ]; then
mkdir $CATALINA_BASE/temp
fi

#调用tomcat启动脚本
bash $CATALINA_HOME/bin/startup.sh "$@"

[root@localhost ~]# cp /usr/local/tomcat_instance/tomcat1/bin/startup.sh  /usr/local/tomcat_instance/tomcat2/bin/startup.sh      //cp脚本到第二个实例下面去
cp：是否覆盖"/usr/local/tomcat_instance/tomcat2/bin/startup.sh"？ y

7，编辑第二个实例开启脚本

[root@localhost ~]# vim /usr/local/tomcat_instance/tomcat2/bin/startup.sh      //编辑第二个实例脚本

#!/bin/bash

export CATALINA_HOME="/usr/local/apache-tomcat-8.5.40"
export CATALINA_BASE="/usr/local/tomcat_instance/tomcat2"
export CATALINA_TMPDIR="$CATALINA_BASE/temp"
export CATALINA_PID="$CATALINA_BASE/bin/tomcat.pid"
export JAVA_OPTS="-server -Xms1024m -Xmx1024m -Djava.awt.headless=true -Dtomcat.name=tomcat2"

#创建logs目录
if [ ! -d "$CATALINA_BASE/logs" ]; then
mkdir $CATALINA_BASE/logs
fi

#创建temp目录
if [ ! -d "$CATALINA_BASE/temp" ]; then
mkdir $CATALINA_BASE/temp
fi

#调用tomcat启动脚本
bash $CATALINA_HOME/bin/startup.sh "$@"

8，编辑第一个关闭实例脚本

[root@localhost ~]# vim /usr/local/tomcat_instance/tomcat1/bin/shutdown.sh       //编写第一个实例关闭脚本

#!/bin/bash

export CATALINA_HOME="/usr/local/apache-tomcat-8.5.40"
export CATALINA_BASE="/usr/local/tomcat_instance/tomcat1"
export CATALINA_TMPDIR="$CATALINA_BASE/temp"
export CATALINA_PID="$CATALINA_BASE/bin/tomcat.pid"
export JAVA_OPTS="-server -Xms1024m -Xmx1024m -Djava.awt.headless=true -Dtomcat.name=tomcat1"

#调用tomcat启动脚本
bash $CATALINA_HOME/bin/shutdown.sh "$@"

9，编辑第二个关闭脚本

[root@localhost ~]# vim /usr/local/tomcat_instance/tomcat2/bin/shutdown.sh        //编写第二个实例关闭脚本

#!/bin/bash

export CATALINA_HOME="/usr/local/apache-tomcat-8.5.40"
export CATALINA_BASE="/usr/local/tomcat_instance/tomcat2"
export CATALINA_TMPDIR="$CATALINA_BASE/temp"
export CATALINA_PID="$CATALINA_BASE/bin/tomcat.pid"
export JAVA_OPTS="-server -Xms1024m -Xmx1024m -Djava.awt.headless=true -Dtomcat.name=tomcat2"

#调用tomcat启动脚本
bash $CATALINA_HOME/bin/shutdown.sh "$@"

10，给关闭脚本权限

[root@localhost ~]# chmod +x /usr/local/tomcat_instance/tomcat1/bin/shutdown.sh        //给关闭脚本权限
[root@localhost ~]# chmod +x /usr/local/tomcat_instance/tomcat2/bin/shutdown.sh        //给关闭脚本权限

11，修改主配置文件

注；修改每个tomcat实例中server.xml 中的端口（分别修改以上三个端口（Server  port，Connector port，AJP）），不要和其他实例的端口或系统已经占用的端口发送冲突）。

[root@localhost ~]# vim /usr/local/tomcat_instance/tomcat2/conf/server.xml     //修改以上红色字体所说的3个端口     注意；不要和其他实例的端口或系统已经占用的端口发送冲突      这个是我做实验时修改的8006   8090   8010 
[root@localhost ~]# vim /usr/local/tomcat_instance/tomcat1/conf/server.xml      //修改以上红色字体所说的3个端口    注意：不要和其他实例的端口或系统已经占用的端口发送冲突       这个是我做实验时修改的8805   8080    8009

 

12，创建测试页

[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p /usr/local/tomcat_instance/tomcat1/webapps/ROOT
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p /usr/local/tomcat_instance/tomcat2/webapps/ROOT

[root@localhost ~]# vim /usr/local/tomcat_instance/tomcat1/webapps/ROOT/index.jsp    //创建第一测试页

<html>
<title>Tomcat-1</title>
<body>
Hello This is Tomcat-1.
</body>
</html>

[root@localhost ~]# vim /usr/local/tomcat_instance/tomcat2/webapps/ROOT/index.jsp   //创建第二个测试页

<html>
<title>Tomcat-2</title>
<body>
Hello This is Tomcat-2.
</body>
</html>

13，启动实例脚本

[root@localhost ~]# /usr/local/tomcat_instance/tomcat1/bin/startup.sh  //启动实例脚本

[root@localhost ~]# /usr/local/tomcat_instance/tomcat2/bin/startup.sh   //启动实例脚本

14，监听两个实例是否都开启端口

[root@localhost ~]# netstat -lnpt |grep java
tcp6 0 0 :::8080 :::* LISTEN 10451/java
tcp6 0 0 :::8090 :::* LISTEN 10505/java
tcp6 0 0 127.0.0.1:8005 :::* LISTEN 10451/java
tcp6 0 0 127.0.0.1:8006 :::* LISTEN 10505/java
tcp6 0 0 :::8009 :::* LISTEN 10451/java
tcp6 0 0 :::8010 :::* LISTEN 10505/java

15，接下来就是测试能否访问到测试页的内容了

 

 

 

16，红色的字体这个是nginx服务器配置服务均衡的命令

http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;

#log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
# '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
# '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

#access_log logs/access.log main;

sendfile on;
keepalive_timeout 65;

upstream tomcat_server {
server 192.168.200.114:8080 weight=1 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=10s;    //定义负载均衡的池组
server 192.168.200.114:8090 weight=1 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=10s;
}

server {
listen 80;
server_name localhost;

charset utf-8;

#access_log logs/host.access.log main;

location / {
root html;
index index.html index.htm;
proxy_pass http://tomcat_server;      //应用负载均衡的池组
proxy_set_header Host $http_host;
}

# location ~* \.jsp$ {
# proxy_pass http://tomcat_server;
# proxy_set_header Host $http_host;
# }

测试结果如下；

 

 

 

——————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————

如果我们要创建第3个实例的话步骤如下；

[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/tomcat_instance/    //进入到实例存放位置
[root@localhost tomcat_instance]# ls
tomcat1 tomcat2
[root@localhost tomcat_instance]# cp -r tomcat2 tomcat3    //通过cp添加第3个实例
[root@localhost tomcat_instance]# ls
tomcat1 tomcat2 tomcat3

[root@localhost tomcat_instance]# cd tomcat3      //查看第3个实例的所有配置文件
[root@localhost tomcat3]# ls
bin conf logs startup.sh temp webapps work    

[root@localhost tomcat3]# cd bin/         
[root@localhost bin]# ls
shutdown.sh startup.sh tomcat.pid    //红色这个是存进程号的，现在没有进程号，所有必须要删除它

[root@localhost bin]# rm -rf tomcat.pid      //删除存放进程号的文件

[root@localhost bin]# vim shutdown.sh     //编辑关闭脚本

#!/bin/bash

export CATALINA_HOME="/usr/local/apache-tomcat-8.5.40"
export CATALINA_BASE="/usr/local/tomcat_instance/tomcat3"
export CATALINA_TMPDIR="$CATALINA_BASE/temp"
export CATALINA_PID="$CATALINA_BASE/bin/tomcat.pid"
export JAVA_OPTS="-server -Xms1024m -Xmx1024m -Djava.awt.headless=true -Dtomcat.name=tomcat3"

#调用tomcat启动脚本
bash $CATALINA_HOME/bin/shutdown.sh "$@"

 

[root@localhost bin]# vim startup.sh      //编辑开启脚本

#!/bin/bash

export CATALINA_HOME="/usr/local/apache-tomcat-8.5.40"
export CATALINA_BASE="/usr/local/tomcat_instance/tomcat2"
export CATALINA_TMPDIR="$CATALINA_BASE/temp"
export CATALINA_PID="$CATALINA_BASE/bin/tomcat.pid"
export JAVA_OPTS="-server -Xms1024m -Xmx1024m -Djava.awt.headless=true -Dtomcat.name=tomcat2"

#创建logs目录
if [ ! -d "$CATALINA_BASE/logs" ]; then
mkdir $CATALINA_BASE/logs
fi

#创建temp目录
if [ ! -d "$CATALINA_BASE/temp" ]; then
mkdir $CATALINA_BASE/temp
fi

#调用tomcat启动脚本
bash $CATALINA_HOME/bin/startup.sh "$@"

 

[root@localhost tomcat3]# ls
bin conf logs startup.sh temp webapps work
[root@localhost tomcat3]# vim conf/server.xml      //编辑第3个实例的主配置文件

注；修改每个tomcat实例中server.xml 中的端口（分别修改以上三个端口（Server  port，Connector port，AJP）），不要和其他实例的端口或系统已经占用的端口发送冲突）。

我修改的是8004  8070   8008

[root@localhost tomcat3]# vim webapps/ROOT/index.jsp    //修改第3个测试网页

<html>
<title>Tomcat-3</title>
<body>
Hello This is Tomcat-3.
</body>
</html>

[root@localhost tomcat3]# /usr/local/tomcat_instance/tomcat3/bin/shutdown.sh  //关闭第3给实例脚本

[root@localhost tomcat3]# /usr/local/tomcat_instance/tomcat3/bin/startup.sh    //开启第3个实例脚本

 

之后就是测试第3个实例的网页了

 

最后也需要在nginx上面加入负载均衡这个环境，修改nginx的主配置文件

[root@localhost ~]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf    //修改主配置文件

http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;

#log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
# '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
# '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

#access_log logs/access.log main;

sendfile on;
keepalive_timeout 65;

upstream tomcat_server {
server 192.168.200.114:8070 weight=1 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=10s;          //定义负载均衡池组
server 192.168.200.114:8080 weight=1 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=10s;
server 192.168.200.114:8090 weight=1 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=10s;

}

server {
listen 80;
server_name localhost;

charset utf-8;

#access_log logs/host.access.log main;

location / {
root html;
index index.html index.htm;
proxy_pass http://tomcat_server;         //引用负载均衡池组
proxy_set_header Host $http_host;
}

# location ~* \.jsp$ {
# proxy_pass http://tomcat_server;
# proxy_set_header Host $http_host;
# }

[root@localhost ~]# killall -HUP nginx   //最后重新加载nginx

 

最后测试nginx上面的负载均衡