MFC::对话框

1 对话框

1.01 模态对话框

//创建对话框对象
CDemoDlg* pDlg = new CDemoDlg();
//显示对话框窗口
pDlg->DoModal();
//删除对话框对象
delete pDlg;

void CDemoDlg::OnCloseDlg() 
{
	//关闭对话框
	EndDialog(IDOK);
}

/* 消息对话框 */
AfxMessageBox(_T("AfxMessageBox函数创建的消息对话框"));	
MessageBox(_T("MessageBox函数创建的消息对话框"), _T("Demo"), MB_ICONEXCLAMATION);

1.02 非模态对话框

//创建对话框对象
CDemoDlg* pDlg = new CDemoDlg();
//创建对话框窗口
pDlg->Create(IDD_DEMO, this);
//显示对话框窗口
pDlg->ShowWindow(SW_SHOW);
//居中显示
pDlg->CenterWindow();

void CDemoDlg::OnCloseDlg() 
{
	//关闭非模态对话框，销毁对话框窗口
	DestroyWindow();
}

1.03 拓展对话框大小

void CDemoDlg::OnExpand() 
{
	m_bExpand = !m_bExpand;
	//获得窗口大小
	CRect rect;
	GetWindowRect(rect);
	if (m_bExpand)
	{
		rect.SetRect(rect.left, rect.top, rect.right + 100, rect.bottom);
		SetDlgItemText(IDC_TEST, _T("<<"));
	}
	else
	{
		rect.SetRect(rect.left, rect.top, rect.right - 100, rect.bottom);
		SetDlgItemText(IDC_TEST, _T(">>"));
	}
	//设置窗口大小
	MoveWindow(rect);
}

1.04 主窗口主动隐藏

void CDemoDlg::OnWindowPosChanging(WINDOWPOS* lpwndpos) 
{
	//删除SWP_SHOWWINDOW选项
	lpwndpos->flags &= ~SWP_SHOWWINDOW;
	CDialog::OnWindowPosChanging(lpwndpos);
}

1.05 窗口全屏

//获得屏幕长度和高度
int cx = GetSystemMetrics(SM_CXSCREEN);
int cy = GetSystemMetrics(SM_CYSCREEN);

//设置对话框位置和大小
SetWindowPos(NULL, 0, 0, cx, cy, SWP_NOZORDER);

1.05 窗口背景

/* 创建画刷 */
HBRUSH m_hBrush = CreateSolidBrush(RGB(0x99, 0xCC, 0xFF));

HBRUSH CDemoDlg::OnCtlColor(CDC* pDC, CWnd* pWnd, UINT nCtlColor) 
{
	HBRUSH hbr = CDialog::OnCtlColor(pDC, pWnd, nCtlColor);
	//改变对话框的背景颜色
	if (nCtlColor == CTLCOLOR_DLG)
	{
		hbr = m_hBrush;
	}
	return hbr;
}

/* 设置文本前景色和背景色 */
HBRUSH Cclass12Dlg::OnCtlColor(CDC* pDC, CWnd* pWnd, UINT nCtlColor)
{
	HBRUSH hbr = CDialog::OnCtlColor(pDC, pWnd, nCtlColor);

	if (pWnd->GetDlgCtrlID() == IDC_EDIT1)
	{
		//设置文本前景色和背景色
		pDC->SetTextColor(RGB(0xFF, 0x00, 0x00));
		pDC->SetBkColor(RGB(0x99, 0xCC, 0xFF));

		return m_hBrush;
	}
	return hbr;
}

1.05 对话框中输出文本

void Cclass12Dlg::OnPaint()
{
	if (IsIconic())
	{
		CPaintDC dc(this); // 用于绘制的设备上下文

		SendMessage(WM_ICONERASEBKGND, reinterpret_cast<WPARAM>(dc.GetSafeHdc()), 0);

		// 使图标在工作区矩形中居中
		int cxIcon = GetSystemMetrics(SM_CXICON);
		int cyIcon = GetSystemMetrics(SM_CYICON);
		CRect rect;
		GetClientRect(&rect);
		int x = (rect.Width() - cxIcon + 1) / 2;
		int y = (rect.Height() - cyIcon + 1) / 2;

		// 绘制图标
		dc.DrawIcon(x, y, m_hIcon);
	}
	else
	{
		//获得客户区大小
		CRect rect;
		GetClientRect(rect);

		CPaintDC dc(this);

		//设置背景模式
		dc.SetBkMode(TRANSPARENT);

		//设置文本对齐方式
		dc.SetTextAlign(TA_CENTER | TA_BASELINE);

		//输出文本
		dc.TextOut(rect.Width() / 2, rect.Height() / 2, _T("Hello World!"));

		CDialog::OnPaint();
	}
}

1.06 对话框中添加菜单

新增菜单资源IDR_MENU1

定义菜单对象
CMenu m_Menu;

/* 窗口初始化加载 */
//加载菜单资源
m_Menu.LoadMenu(IDR_MENU1);
//设置当前菜单
SetMenu(&m_Menu);

1.07 对话框中添加工具栏

/* 创建工具栏资源 */
/* 创建工具栏对象 */
CToolBar m_wndToolBar;
//创建工具栏
if (!m_wndToolBar.Create(this))
{
	return FALSE;
}

//加载工具栏资源
if (!m_wndToolBar.LoadToolBar(IDR_TOOLBAR1))
{
	return FALSE;
}

//重新定位工具栏
RepositionBars(AFX_IDW_CONTROLBAR_FIRST, AFX_IDW_CONTROLBAR_LAST, 0);

1.08 对话框中添加状态栏

//创建状态栏窗口
if (!m_wndStatusBar.Create(this))
{
	return -1;
}
//ID数组
UINT IDArray[2];
for (int n = 0; n < 2; n++)
{
	IDArray[n] = 10000 + n;
}

//设置状态栏指示器
m_wndStatusBar.SetIndicators(IDArray, sizeof(IDArray) / sizeof(UINT));

//设置窗格宽度
m_wndStatusBar.SetPaneInfo(0, IDArray[0], SBPS_NORMAL, 100);
m_wndStatusBar.SetPaneInfo(1, IDArray[1], SBPS_STRETCH, 0);

//设置窗格文本
m_wndStatusBar.SetPaneText(0, _T("状态栏："));
m_wndStatusBar.SetPaneText(1, _T(""));

//获得旧客户区坐标
CRect rcOldClient;
GetClientRect(rcOldClient);

//获得新客户区坐标
CRect rcNewClient;
RepositionBars(AFX_IDW_CONTROLBAR_FIRST, AFX_IDW_CONTROLBAR_LAST, 0, reposQuery, rcNewClient);

//移动主窗口
CRect rcMain;
GetWindowRect(rcMain);
rcMain.right += rcOldClient.Width() - rcNewClient.Width();
rcMain.bottom += rcOldClient.Height() - rcNewClient.Height();
MoveWindow(rcMain, FALSE);

//移动所有子窗口
CRect rcChild;
CPoint point(rcNewClient.left - rcOldClient.left, rcNewClient.top - rcOldClient.top);
CWnd* pChildWnd = GetWindow(GW_CHILD);
while (pChildWnd != NULL)
{
	pChildWnd->GetWindowRect(rcChild);
	ScreenToClient(rcChild);
	rcChild.OffsetRect(point);
	pChildWnd->MoveWindow(rcChild, FALSE);
	pChildWnd = pChildWnd->GetNextWindow();
}

//重新定位状态栏
RepositionBars(AFX_IDW_CONTROLBAR_FIRST, AFX_IDW_CONTROLBAR_LAST, 0);

1.08 对话框中加载视图

/* CDemoView 继承 CView */
void CDemoView::OnDraw(CDC* pDC)
{
	CRect rect;
	GetClientRect(rect);

	pDC->SetTextAlign(TA_CENTER);
	pDC->TextOut(rect.Width() / 2, rect.Height() / 2, _T("Hello World !"));
}
/* 创建视图 */
CCreateContext context;
context.m_pNewViewClass = RUNTIME_CLASS(CDemoView);
context.m_pCurrentDoc = NULL;
context.m_pNewDocTemplate = NULL;
context.m_pLastView = NULL;
context.m_pCurrentFrame = (CFrameWnd*)this;

m_pView = (CDemoView*)context.m_pNewViewClass->CreateObject();
if (!m_pView->Create(NULL,NULL ,AFX_WS_DEFAULT_VIEW, CRect(0, 0, 0, 0), this, AFX_IDW_PANE_FIRST, &context))
{
	return FALSE;
}

CRect rect;
GetClientRect(rect);
m_pView->MoveWindow(rect);

void CDemoDlg::OnSize(UINT nType, int cx, int cy) 
{
	CDialog::OnSize(nType, cx, cy);
	if (m_pView != NULL)
	{
		CRect rect;
		GetClientRect(rect);
		m_pView->MoveWindow(rect);
	}
}

1.09 截获按键消息

BOOL CDemoDlg::PreTranslateMessage(MSG* pMsg)
{
	//将按键为ENTER的WM_KEYDOWN消息转换成按键为TAB的消息
	if (pMsg->message == WM_KEYDOWN)
	{
		if (pMsg->wParam == VK_RETURN)
		{
			pMsg->wParam = VK_TAB;
		}
	}
	return CDialog::PreTranslateMessage(pMsg);
}

1.10 窗口停靠

/* 初始化位置和大小 */
{
	//对话框的宽和高
	m_nWidth = 220;
	m_nHeigh = 550;

	//获得桌面工作区大小
	CRect rect;
	SystemParametersInfo(SPI_GETWORKAREA, 0, &rect, 0);

	//对话框的初始位置
	int x = rect.left + rect.Width() / 2 - m_nWidth / 2;
	int y = rect.top + rect.Height() / 2 - m_nHeigh / 2;
	MoveWindow(x, y, m_nWidth, m_nHeigh);
}
void CDemoDlg::OnWindowPosChanging(WINDOWPOS FAR* lpwndpos) 
{
	CDialog::OnWindowPosChanging(lpwndpos);
	
	//获得桌面工作区大小
	CRect rect;
	SystemParametersInfo(SPI_GETWORKAREA, 0, &rect, 0);

	//左停靠
	if (abs(lpwndpos->x - rect.left) <= 50)
	{
		lpwndpos->x = rect.left;
		lpwndpos->y = rect.top;
		lpwndpos->cy = rect.Height();
	}
	//右停靠
	else if (abs(lpwndpos->x + lpwndpos->cx-rect.right) <= 50)
	{
		lpwndpos->x = rect.right - lpwndpos->cx;
		lpwndpos->y = rect.top;
		lpwndpos->cy = rect.Height();
	}
	else
	{
		lpwndpos->cy = m_nHeigh;
	}

	if (lpwndpos->y < rect.top)
	{
		lpwndpos->y = rect.top;
	}
}

1.11 窗体无边框，能够随意拖动

/* 捕捉鼠标点击的坐标，然后将其HTCLIENT结果偷换成HTCAPTION，这样就可以让系统误以为鼠标左键点击的是标题栏，就进入了拖拽模式了 */
UINT CDemoDlg::OnNcHitTest(CPoint point) 
{
	UINT nValue = CDialog::OnNcHitTest(point);

	//返回HTCAPTION
	if (nValue == HTCLIENT)
	{
		nValue = HTCAPTION;
	}

	return nValue;
}