(原創) 如何使用硬體 + μC/OS-II 的方式『播放SD卡內wav檔音樂』? (IC Design) (DE2) (Quartus II) (Nios II) (μC/OS-II)
Abstract
之前已經討論過使用硬體的方式『播放SD卡內wav檔音樂』,本文將討論硬體 + μC/OS-II這種軟硬體合作的方式播放SD卡內wav檔音樂。
使用環境 : Quartus II 6.0 + Nios II 6.0
Introduction
μC/OS-II為一嵌入式real time OS,本文希望能透過OS以軟體的方式控制硬體,播放SD卡內wav檔音樂。
Solution
Step 1:
下載DE2_System_v1.5
從友晶科技的http://www.terasic.com/downloads/cd-rom/de2/下載DE2_System_v1.5.zip
Step 2:
建立DE2_SD_Card_Audio_MicroCOS2目錄
在c:\DE2\下建立[DE2_SD_Card_Audio_MicroCOS2]目錄,將下載的DE2_System_v1.5解壓縮到c:\,將c:\DE2_System_v1.5\DE2_demonstrations\DE2_SD_Card_Audio\下所有檔案複製到c:\DE2\DE2_SD_Card_Audio_MicroCOS2下
Step 3:
將硬體燒進DE2
開啟Quartus II後,載入c:\DE2\DE2_SD_Card_Audio_MicroCOS2\DE2_SD_Card_Audio.qpf,並開啟Programmer,將c:\DE2\DE2_SD_Card_Audio_MicroCOS2\DE2_SD_Card_Audio.sof燒進DE2
Step 4:
將舊的workspace和project刪除
將c:\DE2\DE2_SD_Card_Audio_MicroCOS2\的三個目錄刪除
[.metadata]
[hello_led_0]
[hello_led_0_syslib]
.metadata紀錄舊有workspace資訊,hello_led_0和hello_led_0_syslib則為原來DE2_SD_Card_Audio所建立的專案目錄
Step 5:
切換workspace
開啟Nios II後,切換workspace到c:\DE2\DE2_SD_Card_Audio_MicroCOS2,此時沒有任何專案,因為已經被刪除了。
Step 6:
建立一個新的Nios II C/C++ Application
Step 7:
選擇Hello MicroC/OS-II這個project template,,並選取正確路徑的SOPC Builder System。
Step 8:
建立一個新的System Library
Step 9:
修改hello_ucosii.c
將DE2_System_v1.5.zip中,純硬體的c:\DE2_System_v1.5\DE2_demonstrations\DE2_SD_Card_Audio\hello_led_0\hello_led.c內
#include "LCD.h"
#include "SD_Card.h"
int main(void)
{
UINT16 i=0,Tmp1=0,Tmp2=0;
UINT32 j=720;
BYTE Buffer[512]={0};
while(SD_card_init())
usleep(500000);
LCD_Test();
while(1)
{
SD_read_lba(Buffer,j,1);
while(i<512)
{
if(!IORD(AUDIO_0_BASE,0))
{
Tmp1=(Buffer[i+1]<<8)|Buffer[i];
IOWR(AUDIO_0_BASE,0,Tmp1);
i+=2;
}
}
if(j%64==0)
{
Tmp2=Tmp1*Tmp1;
IOWR(LED_RED_BASE,0,Tmp2);
IOWR(LED_GREEN_BASE,0,Tmp1);
}
IOWR(SEG7_DISPLAY_BASE,0,j);
j++;
i=0;
}
return 0;
}
的int main(void) 內所有的程式碼(不含最後一行return 0)複製到
hello_ucosii.c的void task1(void* pdata)內
將 OS_STK task2_stk[TASK_STACKSIZE]; 整行刪除
將 #define TASK2_PRIORITY 2 整行刪除
將void task2(void* pdata)整個function刪除
void task2(void* pdata)
{
while (1)
{
printf("Hello from task2\n");
OSTimeDlyHMSM(0, 0, 3, 0);
}
}
將int main(void)內的
NULL,
(void *)&task2_stk[TASK_STACKSIZE],
TASK2_PRIORITY,
TASK2_PRIORITY,
task2_stk,
TASK_STACKSIZE,
NULL,
0);
刪除
檔頭加上
#include "LCD.h"
#include "SD_Card.h"
最後完整程式如下
* Copyright ? 2004 Altera Corporation, San Jose, California, USA. *
* All rights reserved. All use of this software and documentation is *
* subject to the License Agreement located at the end of this file below.*
**************************************************************************
* Description: *
* The following is a simple hello world program running MicroC/OS-II.The *
* purpose of the design is to be a very simple application that just *
* demonstrates MicroC/OS-II running on NIOS II.The design doesn't account*
* for issues such as checking system call return codes. etc. *
* *
* Requirements: *
* -Supported Example Hardware Platforms *
* Standard *
* Full Featured *
* Low Cost *
* -Supported Development Boards *
* Nios II Development Board, Stratix II Edition *
* Nios Development Board, Stratix Professional Edition *
* Nios Development Board, Stratix Edition *
* Nios Development Board, Cyclone Edition *
* -System Library Settings *
* RTOS Type - MicroC/OS-II *
* Periodic System Timer *
* -Know Issues *
* If this design is run on the ISS, terminal output will take several*
* minutes per iteration. *
**************************************************************************/
#include <stdio.h>
#include "includes.h"
#include "basic_io.h"
#include "LCD.h"
#include "SD_Card.h"
/* Definition of Task Stacks */
#define TASK_STACKSIZE 2048
OS_STK task1_stk[TASK_STACKSIZE];
/* Definition of Task Priorities */
#define TASK1_PRIORITY 1
/* Prints "Hello World" and sleeps for three seconds */
void task1(void* pdata)
{
UINT16 i=0,Tmp1=0,Tmp2=0;
UINT32 j=720;
BYTE Buffer[512]={0};
while(SD_card_init())
usleep(500000);
LCD_Test();
while(1)
{
SD_read_lba(Buffer,j,1);
while(i<512)
{
if(!IORD(AUDIO_0_BASE,0))
{
Tmp1=(Buffer[i+1]<<8)|Buffer[i];
IOWR(AUDIO_0_BASE,0,Tmp1);
i+=2;
}
}
if(j%64==0)
{
Tmp2=Tmp1*Tmp1;
IOWR(LED_RED_BASE,0,Tmp2);
IOWR(LED_GREEN_BASE,0,Tmp1);
}
IOWR(SEG7_DISPLAY_BASE,0,j);
j++;
i=0;
}
}
/* The main function creates two task and starts multi-tasking */
int main(void)
{
OSTaskCreateExt(task1,
NULL,
(void *)&task1_stk[TASK_STACKSIZE],
TASK1_PRIORITY,
TASK1_PRIORITY,
task1_stk,
TASK_STACKSIZE,
NULL,
0);
OSStart();
return 0;
}
/******************************************************************************
* *
* License Agreement *
* *
* Copyright (c) 2004 Altera Corporation, San Jose, California, USA. *
* All rights reserved. *
* *
* Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a *
* copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), *
* to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation *
* the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, *
* and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the *
* Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: *
* *
* The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in *
* all copies or substantial portions of the Software. *
* *
* THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR *
* IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, *
* FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE *
* AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER *
* LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING *
* FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER *
* DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE. *
* *
* This agreement shall be governed in all respects by the laws of the State *
* of California and by the laws of the United States of America. *
* Altera does not recommend, suggest or require that this reference design *
* file be used in conjunction or combination with any other product. *
******************************************************************************/
將DE2_System_v1.5.zip中,純硬體的c:\DE2_System_v1.5\DE2_demonstrations\DE2_SD_Card_Audio\hello_led_0\下的
basic_io.h
LCD.c
LCD.h
SD_Card.h
四個檔複製到
c:\DE2\DE2_SD_Card_Audio_MicroCOS2\hello_ucosii_0\下
最後將hello_ucosii_0 refresh載入這四個檔
Step 10:
執行hello_ucosii_0
將hello_ucosii_0專案Run As Nios II Hardware,就可聽到SD內wav檔的音樂,不過音質似乎不是很好。
Step 11:
將hello_ucosii_0改成release模式
選定hello_ucosii_0,按右鍵選Properties
右側選C/C++ Build,將左側的Configuration改為Release
因為Debug模式下,compiler並未啟動最佳化,因此執行速度較慢,所以音質較差。重新將hello_ucosii_0專案Run As Hardware,就可得到如MP3般的音質了。
Conclusion
藉由這個範例,我們學到了若要將純硬體的系統,改成由μC/OS-II控制硬體,可以透過task的方式驅動。