数组-(First Missing Positive)首个缺失的正数

'''
Given an unsorted integer array, find the smallest missing positive integer.

Example 1:

Input: [1,2,0]
Output: 3
Example 2:

Input: [3,4,-1,1]
Output: 2
Example 3:

Input: [7,8,9,11,12]
Output: 1
Note:

Your algorithm should run in O(n) time and uses constant extra space.
'''

'''
思想:桶排序
'''


class Solution:
    def firstMissingPositive(self, nums):
        n = len(nums)
        for i in range(n):
            # 如果 nums[i] 在正常数组范围,且没有在正确的桶排序位置(值为多少在多少号)
            while nums[i] > 0 and nums[i] <= n and nums[i] != i + 1 and nums[i] != nums[nums[i] - 1]:
                # 这样写出错 nums[i], nums[nums[i] - 1] = nums[nums[i] - 1], nums[i],因为后面那个需要用到nums[i]
                # 把值为nums[i] - 1的放入nums[i] 位置,(桶排序应该的位置,值为1放入0号桶序号)
                nums[nums[i] - 1], nums[i] = nums[i], nums[nums[i] - 1]
        # 从0开始遍历,看那个数子不与其桶序号对应(0号位置对应值1)
        # 原数组:[3, 4, -1, 1];此时数组是:[1,-1,3,4]
        for i in range(n):
            if nums[i] != i + 1:
                return i + 1
        return n + 1


s = Solution()
print(s.firstMissingPositive([3, 4, -1, 1]))

 

posted @ 2019-03-14 22:52  jj千寻  阅读(94)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报