django6-信号

信号

Django中提供了“信号调度”,用于在框架执行操作时解耦。通俗来讲,就是一些动作发生的时候,信号允许特定的发送者去提醒一些接受者。

1、Django内置信号

 1 Model signals
 2     pre_init                    # django的modal执行其构造方法前,自动触发
 3     post_init                   # django的modal执行其构造方法后,自动触发
 4     pre_save                    # django的modal对象保存前,自动触发
 5     post_save                   # django的modal对象保存后,自动触发
 6     pre_delete                  # django的modal对象删除前,自动触发
 7     post_delete                 # django的modal对象删除后,自动触发
 8     m2m_changed                 # django的modal中使用m2m字段操作第三张表(add,remove,clear)前后,自动触发
 9     class_prepared              # 程序启动时,检测已注册的app中modal类,对于每一个类,自动触发
10 Management signals
11     pre_migrate                 # 执行migrate命令前,自动触发
12     post_migrate                # 执行migrate命令后,自动触发
13 Request/response signals
14     request_started             # 请求到来前,自动触发
15     request_finished            # 请求结束后,自动触发
16     got_request_exception       # 请求异常后,自动触发
17 Test signals
18     setting_changed             # 使用test测试修改配置文件时,自动触发
19     template_rendered           # 使用test测试渲染模板时,自动触发
20 Database Wrappers
21     connection_created          # 创建数据库连接时,自动触发
View Code

 

对于Django内置的信号,仅需注册指定信号,当程序执行相应操作时,自动触发注册函数:

 1 from django.core.signals import request_finished
 2     from django.core.signals import request_started
 3     from django.core.signals import got_request_exception
 4 
 5     from django.db.models.signals import class_prepared
 6     from django.db.models.signals import pre_init, post_init
 7     from django.db.models.signals import pre_save, post_save
 8     from django.db.models.signals import pre_delete, post_delete
 9     from django.db.models.signals import m2m_changed
10     from django.db.models.signals import pre_migrate, post_migrate
11 
12     from django.test.signals import setting_changed
13     from django.test.signals import template_rendered
14 
15     from django.db.backends.signals import connection_created
16 
17 
18     def callback(sender, **kwargs):
19         print("xxoo_callback")
20         print(sender,kwargs)
21 
22     xxoo.connect(callback)
23     # xxoo指上述导入的内容
View Code
1 from django.core.signals import request_finished
2 from django.dispatch import receiver
3 
4 @receiver(request_finished)
5 def my_callback(sender, **kwargs):
6     print("Request finished!")
View Code

2、自定义信号

a. 定义信号

import django.dispatch
pizza_done = django.dispatch.Signal(providing_args=["toppings", "size"])

b. 注册信号

def callback(sender, **kwargs):
    print("callback")
    print(sender,kwargs)
 
pizza_done.connect(callback)

c. 触发信号

from 路径 import pizza_done
 
pizza_done.send(sender='seven',toppings=123, size=456)

由于内置信号的触发者已经集成到Django中,所以其会自动调用,而对于自定义信号则需要开发者在任意位置触发。

 

posted @ 2017-09-18 14:15  昂达达  阅读(124)  评论(1编辑  收藏  举报