c++矩阵数据的二进制读写（序列化和反序列化）

1、创建模板形式的矩阵数据容器

#pragma once

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <fstream>

using namespace std;
template <typename T>
class Model2D {
public:
    Model2D() {};
    Model2D(int nj, int ni, T value, string name);

    int savebin(string fileName);

    int savetxt(string fileName);

    int readbin(string fileName);

public:
    vector<vector<T>>grid;
    int ni = 0, nj = 0;
    string name = "keyword";
};


template<typename T>
Model2D<T>::Model2D(int nj, int ni, T value, string name)
{
    this->ni = ni;
    this->nj = nj;
    this->grid = vector<vector<T>>(nj, vector<T>(ni, value));
    this->name = name;
}

template<typename T>
int Model2D<T>::savebin(string fileName)
{
    ofstream sw(fileName, ios::binary);
    if (!sw.is_open()) {
        cout << "fail to open " << fileName << endl;
        return -1;
    }
    sw.write(name.c_str(), 255);
    sw.write(reinterpret_cast<char*>(&ni), sizeof(ni));
    sw.write(reinterpret_cast<char*>(&nj), sizeof(nj));
    for (int j = 0; j < nj; j++) {
        for (int i = 0; i < ni; i++) {
            sw.write(reinterpret_cast<char*>(&grid[j][i]), sizeof(grid[j][i]));
        }
    }
    sw.close();

    return 0;
}

template<typename T>
int Model2D<T>::savetxt(string fileName)
{
    ofstream sw(fileName);
    if (!sw.is_open()) {
        cout << "fail to open " << fileName << endl;
        return -1;
    }
    sw << "ni=" << ni << " nj=" << nj << endl;
    for (int j = 0; j < nj; j++) {
        for (int i = 0; i < ni; i++) {
            sw << grid[j][i] <<" ";
        }
        sw << endl;
    }
    sw.close();

    return 0;
}

template<typename T>
int Model2D<T>::readbin(string fileName)
{
    ifstream fin(fileName, ios::binary);
    if (!fin.is_open()) {
        cout << "fail to open " << fileName << endl;
        return -1;
    }
    char s[255];
    fin.read(s, 255);
    this->name = s;
    cout << "name=" << this->name << endl;
    int n;
    fin.read(reinterpret_cast<char*>(&n), sizeof(n));
    ni = n;
    fin.read(reinterpret_cast<char*>(&n), sizeof(n));
    nj = n;
    cout << "ni=" << ni << " nj =" << nj << endl;

    T value;
    this->grid = vector<vector<T>>(nj, vector<T>(ni, value));
    for (int j = 0; j < nj; j++) {
        for (int i = 0; i < ni; i++) {
            fin.read(reinterpret_cast<char*>(&value), sizeof(value));
            grid[j][i] = value;
            //cout << value << " ";
        }
        //cout << endl;
    }
    fin.close();
    return 0;
}

2、测试容器的二进制读写情况

#include <random>
#include <algorithm>
#include "Model2D.h"
using namespace std;

int main()
{
    std::cout << "Hello World!\n";
    int ni = 10;
    int nj = 5;
    //Model2D<float> model2d = Model2D<float>(nj, ni, 1.0, "testName");
    auto model2d = Model2D<double>(nj, ni, 1, "testName");
    default_random_engine engin(0);
    uniform_real_distribution<double> urand(0,1);
    //uniform_int_distribution<int> urand(0, 10);

    for (int j = 0; j < nj; j++) {
        for (int i = 0; i < ni; i++) {
            model2d.grid[j][i] = urand(engin);
        }
    }
    model2d.savebin("model2d.dat");
    model2d.savetxt("model2d.txt");

    Model2D<double> model2dr;
    model2dr.readbin("model2d.dat");
    model2dr.savetxt("model2dr.txt");

    return 0;
}

3、测试结果

ni=10 nj=5
0.592845 0.844266 0.857946 0.847252 0.623564 0.384382 0.297535 0.056713 0.272656 0.477665
0.812169 0.479977 0.392785 0.836079 0.337396 0.648172 0.368242 0.957155 0.140351 0.870087
0.473608 0.800911 0.520477 0.67888 0.720633 0.58202 0.537373 0.758616 0.105908 0.4736
0.186332 0.736918 0.21655 0.135218 0.324141 0.149675 0.222321 0.386489 0.902598 0.44995
0.613063 0.902349 0.0992804 0.969809 0.65314 0.17091 0.358152 0.750686 0.607831 0.325047