设计模式之依赖倒置原则

依赖倒置原则（Dependence Inversion Principle,简称DIP）面向接口编程，多态(接口类或者抽象类)

高层模块不应该依赖低层模块，二者都应该依赖其抽象；抽象不应该依赖实现类；实现类应该依赖抽象。 一旦依赖的低层或者具体类改动，则高层可能会需要改动。

 

错误做法: //高层Driver模块不应该依赖低层DaZhong模块

public class DaZhong {
    public void startup(){
        System.out.println("车子启动了");
    }
}

//高层Driver模块不应该依赖低层DaZhong模块
public class Driver {
    public void driver(DaZhong vehicle){
        vehicle.startup();
    }
}

public class TaskTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Driver driver2 = new Driver();
        DaZhong dz2 = new DaZhong();
        driver2.driver(dz2);
    }
}

 

 

正确做法：抽象IDriver依赖抽象IVehicle；具体的DaZhongVehicle依赖于抽象IVehicle，依赖倒置了

public interface IDriver {
    //接口声明依赖对象,接口注入IVehicle,抽象IDriver依赖抽象IVehicle
    void driver(IVehicle vehicle);
}

public class BaoMaDriver implements IDriver {
    IVehicle vehicle;

    //构造函数注入,DaZhongVehicle依赖IVehicle
    public  BaoMaDriver(IVehicle vehicle) {
        this.vehicle = vehicle;
    }
        public BaoMaDriver(){}

    public void driver(IVehicle vehicle) {
        vehicle.startup();
    }

    //set方法注入,DaZhongVehicle依赖IVehicle
    public void setVehicle(IVehicle vehicle) {
        this.vehicle = vehicle;
    }

}


public interface IVehicle {
    void startup();
}


public class DaZhongVehicle implements IVehicle {
    public void startup() {
        System.out.println("大众启动了");
    }

}

public class TaskTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        IDriver driver = new BaoMaDriver();

        IVehicle dz = new DaZhongVehicle();

//这里变成了DaZhongVehicle依赖IVehicle，具体依赖于抽象，依赖倒置了

        driver.driver(dz); 
    } 
}