python django + js 使用ajax进行文件上传并获取上传进度案例
<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, user-scalable=no, initial-scale=1.0, maximum-scale=1.0, minimum-scale=1.0">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
<title>Document</title>
<style>
#progress{
height:10px;
width:500px;
border: 1px solid gold;
position: relative;
border-radius: 5px;
}
#progress .progress-item{
height:100%;
position: absolute;
left:0;
top:0;
background: chartreuse;
border-radius: 5px;
transition: width .3s linear;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<p style="color: blue;">上传文件：<br></p>
<input type="file" id="file"><br>
<p style="color: blue;">文件上传进度：<br></p>
<div id="progress">
<div class="progress-item"></div>
</div>
<p style="color: blue;">文件上传状态：<br></p>
<span id="callback" style="color: red;"></span>
</body>
<script>
//首先监听input框的变动，选中一个新的文件会触发change事件
document.querySelector("#file").addEventListener("change",function () {
//获取到选中的文件
var file = document.querySelector("#file").files[0];
//创建formdata对象
var formdata = new FormData();
formdata.append("file",file); // 后台接收"file"字段
//创建xhr，使用ajax进行文件上传
var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
xhr.open("post","/system/upload/");
//回调
xhr.onreadystatechange = function () {
if (xhr.status==200){
document.querySelector("#callback").innerText = xhr.responseText;
}else{
}
}
//获取上传的进度
xhr.upload.onprogress = function (event) {
if(event.lengthComputable){
var percent = event.loaded/event.total *100;
document.querySelector("#progress .progress-item").style.width = percent+"%";
}
}
//将formdata上传
xhr.send(formdata);
});
</script>
</html>
后端代码
def upload_files(request):
if request.method == 'POST':
try:
get_file = request.FILES.get('file')
if get_file is not None:
# print type(get_file) # <class 'django.core.files.uploadedfile.InMemoryUploadedFile'>
# print get_file.read()
for con in get_file.readlines():
line = con.strip("\n")
if line.startswith("#"):
pass
else:
print line
return HttpResponse("success!")
else:
print u"文件对象是None"
return HttpResponse("false!")
except Exception, e:
print e
return HttpResponse("false!")
后面的几种方法没试:
方式一：
通过form表单提交到后台
前端：
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="/upload/" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
<input type="file" name="fafafa">
<input type="submit">
</form>
</body>
</html>
Django 后端：
def upload(request):
if request.method == 'POST':# 获取对象
obj = request.FILES.get('fafafa')
import os
# 上传文件的文件名
print(obj.name) f = open(os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'static', 'pic', obj.name), 'wb')
for chunk in obj.chunks():
f.write(chunk)
f.close()
return HttpResponse('OK')
return render(request, 'upload/upload.html')
方式二：
通过ajax提交
前端
<div>
<input type="file" name="file" id="file_upload">
<input type="button" value="上传" onclick="FileUpload()">
</div>
JS:
<script src="/static/js/jquery-3.2.1.min.js"></script>
<script>
function FileUpload() {
var form_data = new FormData();
var file_info =$( '#file_upload')[0].files[0];
form_data.append('file',file_info);
//if(file_info==undefined)暂且不许要判断是否有附件
//alert('你没有选择任何文件');
//return false
$.ajax({
url:'/upload_ajax/',
type:'POST',
data: form_data,
processData: false, // tell jquery not to process the data
contentType: false, // tell jquery not to set contentType
success: function(callback) {
console.log('ok')
}
});
}</script>
Django 后端：
def upload_ajax(request):
if request.method == 'POST':
file_obj = request.FILES.get('file')
import os
f = open(os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'static', 'pic', file_obj.name), 'wb')
print(file_obj,type(file_obj))
for chunk in file_obj.chunks():
f.write(chunk)
f.close()
print('11111')
return HttpResponse('OK')
注意：
前台发送ajax请求时：
processData: false, // tell jquery not to process the data
contentType: false, // tell jquery not to set contentType
必须设置
方式三：
通过iframe标签提交
前端：
<div>
<form id="my_form" name="form" action="/upload_iframe/" method="POST" enctype="multipart/form-data">
<input type="text" name="user">
<input type="password" name="password">
<input type="file" name="file">
<input type="button" value="upload" onclick="UploadFile()">
</form>
<iframe id='my_iframe' name='my_iframe' src="" class="hide"></iframe>
</div>
JS:
function UploadFile() {
document.getElementById('my_iframe').onload = Testt;
document.getElementById('my_form').target = 'my_iframe';
document.getElementById('my_form').submit();
}
function Testt(ths){
var t = $("#my_iframe").contents().find("body").text();
console.log(t);
}
Django 后端：
def upload_iframe(request):
if request.method == 'POST':
print(request.POST.get('user', None))
print(request.POST.get('password', None))
file_obj = request.FILES.get('file')
import os
f = open(os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'static', 'pic', file_obj.name), 'wb')
print(file_obj,type(file_obj))
for chunk in file_obj.chunks():
f.write(chunk)
f.close()
print('11111')
return HttpResponse('OK')
以上是文件上传的三种方式，在Tornado种也可以使用。
扩展：
在前段提交的时候 可以存在 checkbox 标签， 在Django中对于这种标签在后台获取值时用：
request.POST.getlist('favor', None) checkbox
其它
request.POST.get('favor', None) checkbox
