Go语言之高级篇beego框架之model设计构造查询
一、model设计构造查询
QueryBuilder 提供了一个简便,流畅的 SQL 查询构造器。在不影响代码可读性的前提下用来快速的建立 SQL 语句。
QueryBuilder 在功能上与 ORM 重合, 但是各有利弊。ORM 更适用于简单的 CRUD 操作,而 QueryBuilder 则更适用于复杂的查询,例如查询中包含子查询和多重联结。
1、model设计构造查询
示例:
// User 包装了下面的查询结果 type User struct { Name string Age int } var users []User // 获取 QueryBuilder 对象. 需要指定数据库驱动参数。 // 第二个返回值是错误对象,在这里略过 qb, _ := orm.NewQueryBuilder("mysql") // 构建查询对象 qb.Select("user.name", "profile.age"). From("user"). InnerJoin("profile").On("user.id_user = profile.fk_user"). Where("age > ?"). OrderBy("name").Desc(). Limit(10).Offset(0) // 导出 SQL 语句 sql := qb.String() // 执行 SQL 语句 o := orm.NewOrm() o.Raw(sql, 20).QueryRows(&users)
2、通过构建查询操作数据库
示例1:
mysql数据库
mysql> select * from user_info; +----+----------+----------+ | id | username | password | +----+----------+----------+ | 1 | nulige | 123456 | +----+----------+----------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
示例:
routers/router.go
package routers import ( "web/controllers" "github.com/astaxie/beego" ) func init() { beego.Router("/", &controllers.MainController{}) beego.Router("/test_input", &controllers.TestInputController{}, "get:Get;post:Post") beego.Router("/test_model", &controllers.TestModelController{}, "get:Get;post:Post") }
controllers/testModel.go
package controllers import ( "fmt" "github.com/astaxie/beego" "github.com/astaxie/beego/orm" _ "github.com/go-sql-driver/mysql" ) //由于model这个名字叫 UserInfo 那么操作的表其实 user_info type UserInfo struct { Id int64 Username string Password string } type TestModelController struct { beego.Controller } func (c *TestModelController) Get() { orm.Debug = true // 是否开启调试模式 调试模式下会打印出sql语句 orm.RegisterDataBase("default", "mysql", "root:qwe!23@tcp(127.0.0.1:3306)/test?charset=utf8", 30) orm.RegisterModel(new(UserInfo)) o := orm.NewOrm() //构建查询 //采用QueryBuilder方式 var users []UserInfo qb, _ := orm.NewQueryBuilder("mysql") qb.Select("password").From("user_info").Where("username= ?").Limit(1) sql := qb.String() o.Raw(sql, "nulige").QueryRows(&users) c.Ctx.WriteString(fmt.Sprintf("user info:%v", users)) }
执行结果:
http://127.0.0.1:8080/test_model 返回结果: user info:[{0 123456}]
3、完整的API接口
type QueryBuilder interface { Select(fields ...string) QueryBuilder From(tables ...string) QueryBuilder InnerJoin(table string) QueryBuilder LeftJoin(table string) QueryBuilder RightJoin(table string) QueryBuilder On(cond string) QueryBuilder Where(cond string) QueryBuilder And(cond string) QueryBuilder Or(cond string) QueryBuilder In(vals ...string) QueryBuilder OrderBy(fields ...string) QueryBuilder Asc() QueryBuilder Desc() QueryBuilder Limit(limit int) QueryBuilder Offset(offset int) QueryBuilder GroupBy(fields ...string) QueryBuilder Having(cond string) QueryBuilder Subquery(sub string, alias string) string String() string }
示例:
示例1:
mysql数据库
mysql> select * from user_info; +----+----------+----------+ | id | username | password | +----+----------+----------+ | 1 | nulige | 123456 | +----+----------+----------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
示例:
routers/router.go
package routers import ( "web/controllers" "github.com/astaxie/beego" ) func init() { beego.Router("/", &controllers.MainController{}) beego.Router("/test_input", &controllers.TestInputController{}, "get:Get;post:Post") beego.Router("/test_model", &controllers.TestModelController{}, "get:Get;post:Post") }
controllers/testModel.go
package controllers import ( "fmt" "github.com/astaxie/beego" "github.com/astaxie/beego/orm" _ "github.com/go-sql-driver/mysql" ) //由于model这个名字叫 UserInfo 那么操作的表其实 user_info type UserInfo struct { Id int64 Username string Password string } type TestModelController struct { beego.Controller } func (c *TestModelController) Get() { orm.Debug = true // 是否开启调试模式 调试模式下会打印出sql语句 orm.RegisterDataBase("default", "mysql", "root:qwe!23@tcp(127.0.0.1:3306)/test?charset=utf8", 30) orm.RegisterModel(new(UserInfo)) o := orm.NewOrm() var users []UserInfo qb, _ := orm.NewQueryBuilder("mysql") qb.Select("password").From("user_info").Where("username= 'nulige'").And("id=1").Limit(1) sql := qb.String() o.Raw(sql).QueryRows(&users) c.Ctx.WriteString(fmt.Sprintf("user info:%v", users)) }
执行结果:
http://127.0.0.1:8080/test_model 返回结果: user info:[{0 123456}]