go语言之进阶篇字符串操作常用函数介绍

下面这些函数来自于strings包,这里介绍一些我平常经常用到的函数,更详细的请参考官方的文档。

一、字符串操作常用函数介绍

1、Contains

func Contains(s, substr string) bool
功能:字符串s中是否包含substr,返回bool值

示例:

fmt.Println(strings.Contains("seafood", "foo"))

fmt.Println(strings.Contains("seafood", "bar"))

fmt.Println(strings.Contains("seafood", ""))

fmt.Println(strings.Contains("", ""))

执行结果:

true
false
true
true

  

2、Join

func Join(a []string, sep string) string
功能:字符串链接,把slice a通过sep链接起来 

示例:

s := []string{"foo", "bar", "baz"}
fmt.Println(strings.Join(s, ", "))

执行结果:

foo, bar, baz

  

3、Index

func Index(s, sep string) int
功能:在字符串s中查找sep所在的位置,返回位置值,找不到返回-1

示例:

 fmt.Println(strings.Index("chicken", "ken"))

 fmt.Println(strings.Index("chicken", "dmr"))

执行结果:

4
-1

  

4、Repeat

func Repeat(s string, count int) string
功能:重复s字符串count次,最后返回重复的字符串

示例:

 fmt.Println("ba" + strings.Repeat("na", 2))

执行结果:

banana

  

 5、Replace

func Replace(s, old, new string, n int) string
功能:在s字符串中,把old字符串替换为new字符串,n表示替换的次数,小于0表示全部替换

示例:

fmt.Println(strings.Replace("oink oink oink", "k", "ky", 2))

fmt.Println(strings.Replace("oink oink oink", "oink", "moo", -1))

执行结果:

oinky oinky oink

moo moo moo

  

6、Split

func Split(s, sep string) []string
功能:把s字符串按照sep分割,返回slice

示例:

fmt.Printf("%q\n", strings.Split("a,b,c", ","))
fmt.Printf("%q\n", strings.Split("a man a plan a canal panama", "a "))
fmt.Printf("%q\n", strings.Split(" xyz ", ""))
fmt.Printf("%q\n", strings.Split("", "Bernardo O'Higgins"))

#执行结果:

["a" "b" "c"]
["" "man " "plan " "canal panama"]
[" " "x" "y" "z" " "]
[""]

 

7、Trim

func Trim(s string, cutset string) string
功能:在s字符串的头部和尾部去除cutset指定的字符串

示例:

 fmt.Printf("[%q]", strings.Trim(" !!! Achtung !!! ", "! "))

执行结果:

["Achtung"]

  

8、Fields

示例:

func Fields(s string) []string
功能:去除s字符串的空格符,并且按照空格分割返回slice

执行结果:

Fields are: ["foo" "bar" "baz"]

  

 以上应用综合示例:

package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"strings"
)

func main() {
	//"hellogo"中是否包含"hello", 包含返回true, 不包含返回false
	fmt.Println(strings.Contains("hellogo", "hello"))
	fmt.Println(strings.Contains("hellogo", "abc"))

	//Joins 组合
	s := []string{"abc", "hello", "mike", "go"}
	buf := strings.Join(s, "x")
	fmt.Println("buf = ", buf)

	//Index, 查找子串的位置
	fmt.Println(strings.Index("abcdhello", "hello"))
	fmt.Println(strings.Index("abcdhello", "go")) //不包含子串返回-1

    //重复多少次,这里重复3次
	buf = strings.Repeat("go", 3)
	fmt.Println("buf = ", buf) //"gogogo"

	//Split 以指定的分隔符拆分
	buf = "hello@abc@go@mike"
	s2 := strings.Split(buf, "@")
	fmt.Println("s2 = ", s2)

	//Trim去掉两头的字符
	buf = strings.Trim("      are u ok?          ", " ") //去掉2头空格
	fmt.Printf("buf = #%s#\n", buf)

	//去掉空格,把元素放入切片中
	s3 := strings.Fields("      are u ok?          ")
	//fmt.Println("s3 = ", s3)
	for i, data := range s3 {
		fmt.Println(i, ", ", data)
	}

}

执行结果:

true
false
buf =  abcxhelloxmikexgo
4
-1
buf =  gogogo
s2 =  [hello abc go mike]
buf = #are u ok?#
0 ,  are
1 ,  u
2 ,  ok?

  

 

posted @ 2019-01-11 17:32  努力哥  阅读(516)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报