Centos下发送邮件用mailx或sendEmail

mailx官网：http://www.filewatcher.com/d/CentOS/x86_64/Applications/Internet/mailx-12.4-6.el6.x86_64.rpm.239876.html

一、rpm包下载地址：

wget ftp://ftp.iij.ad.jp/pub/linux/centos-vault/6.2/os/x86_64/Packages/mailx-12.4-6.el6.x86_64.rpm
--2017-07-03 08:21:57-- ftp://ftp.iij.ad.jp/pub/linux/centos-vault/6.2/os/x86_64/Packages/mailx-12.4-6.el6.x86_64.rpm
=> ‘mailx-12.4-6.el6.x86_64.rpm’
Resolving ftp.iij.ad.jp (ftp.iij.ad.jp)... 202.232.140.70, 2001:240:bb8f::1:70
Connecting to ftp.iij.ad.jp (ftp.iij.ad.jp)|202.232.140.70|:21... connected.
Logging in as anonymous ... Logged in!
==> SYST ... done. ==> PWD ... done.
==> TYPE I ... done. ==> CWD (1) /pub/linux/centos-vault/6.2/os/x86_64/Packages ... done.
==> SIZE mailx-12.4-6.el6.x86_64.rpm ... 239876
==> PASV ... done. ==> RETR mailx-12.4-6.el6.x86_64.rpm ... done.
Length: 239876 (234K) (unauthoritative)

100%[===========================================================================>] 239,876 177KB/s in 1.3s

2017-07-03 08:22:00 (177 KB/s) - ‘mailx-12.4-6.el6.x86_64.rpm’ saved [239876]

二、安装mailx

[root@sendmail tools]# rpm -ivh mailx-12.4-6.el6.x86_64.rpm 
warning: mailx-12.4-6.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID c105b9de: NOKEY
Preparing... ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
1:mailx-12.4-6.el6 ################################# [100%]
[root@sendmail tools]# ll
total 236
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 239876 Jul 3 08:22 mailx-12.4-6.el6.x86_64.rpm
[root@sendmail tools]# rpm -qa mailx
mailx-12.4-6.el6.x86_64
[root@sendmail tools]# mailx -V
12.4 7/29/08

三、配置mailx (在配置文件结尾加入下面这段代码)

[root@sendmail tools]# vi /etc/mail.rc 
#send mail
set from=zhhotdoor@163.com
set smtp=smtp.163.com
set smtp-auth-user=zhhotdoor@163.com
set smtp-auth-password=*******  #换成你邮件密码
set smtp-auth=login

四、发送邮件命令（测试用了163邮件，发送成功）

[root@sendmail tools]# echo  hello word | mailx -v -s " title" zhhotdoor@163.com
Resolving host smtp.163.com . . . done.
Connecting to 123.125.50.135 . . . connected.
220 163.com Anti-spam GT for Coremail System (163com[20141201])
>>> EHLO sendmail.template.com
250-mail
250-PIPELINING
250-AUTH LOGIN PLAIN
250-AUTH=LOGIN PLAIN
250-coremail 1Uxr2xKj7kG0xkI17xGrU7I0s8FY2U3Uj8Cz28x1UUUUU7Ic2I0Y2UF3mSHyUCa0xDrUUUUj
250-STARTTLS
250 8BITMIME
>>> AUTH LOGIN
334 dXNlcm5hbWU6
>>> emhob3Rkb29yQDE2My5jb20=
334 UGFzc3dvcmQ6
>>> aG90ZG9vcjEyMw==
235 Authentication successful
>>> MAIL FROM:<zhhotdoor@163.com>
250 Mail OK
>>> RCPT TO:<zhhotdoor@163.com>
250 Mail OK
>>> DATA
354 End data with <CR><LF>.<CR><LF>
>>> .
250 Mail OK queued as smtp5,D9GowADngWRuE1lZypxwAw--.24084S2 1499009903
>>> QUIT
221 Bye

五、查看邮件是否收到

六、错误问题

测试发现有时能发送，有时会退信并报以下错误：

>>> .
554 DT:SPM 163 smtp3,DdGowACnhqntEllZcKFeAw--.22918S2 1499009775,please see http://mail.163.com/help/help_spam_16.htm?ip=27.42.98.89&hostid=smtp3&time=1499009775
smtp-server: 554 DT:SPM 163 smtp3,DdGowACnhqntEllZcKFeAw--.22918S2 1499009775,please see http://mail.163.com/help/help_spam_16.htm?ip=27.42.98.89&hostid=smtp3&time=1499009775
"/root/dead.letter" 0/0
. . . message not sent.

554 DT:SPM 发送的邮件内容包含了未被许可的信息，或被系统识别为垃圾邮件。请检查是否有用户发送病毒或者垃圾邮件

查了下原因，因为163反垃圾邮件设置的原因，所有我采用了qq邮箱及hostmail

qq邮箱

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set from=224******53@qq.com
set smtp=smtp.qq.com
set smtp-auth-user=224******53@qq.com
set smtp-auth-password=euia********chb   #授权码
set smtp-auth=login

错误提示：

530 Error: A secure connection is requiered(such as ssl). More information at http://service.mail.qq.com/cgi-bin/help?id=28

smtp-server: 530 Error: A secure connection is requiered(such as ssl). More information at http://service.mail.qq.com/cgi-bin/help?id=28

"/root/dead.letter" 19/438

. . . message not sent

于是我改了下配置文件添加了几个参数

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set from=224******53@qq.com
set smtp=smtp.qq.com
set smtp-auth-user=224******53@qq.com
set smtp-auth-password=euia********chb
set smtp-auth=login
set smtp-use-starttls
set ssl-verify=ignore
set nss-config-dir=/etc/pki/nssdb/

邮件发送成功，在/etc/pki/nssdb/有证书文件

当然还有两个方式可以获取证书文件

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mkdir -p /root/.certs/
echo -n | openssl s_client -connect smtp.qq.com:465 | sed -ne '/-BEGIN CERTIFICATE-/,/-END CERTIFICATE-/p' > ~/.certs/qq.crt
certutil -A -n "GeoTrust SSL CA" -t "C,," -d ~/.certs -i ~/.certs/qq.crt
certutil -A -n "GeoTrust Global CA" -t "C,," -d ~/.certs -i ~/.certs/qq.crt
certutil -L -d /root/.certs

然后mail.rc的配置文件改成

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set from=224******53@qq.com
set smtp=smtp.qq.com
set smtp-auth-user=224******53@qq.com
set smtp-auth-password=euia********chb
set smtp-auth=login
set smtp-use-starttls
set ssl-verify=ignore
set nss-config-dir=/root/.certs

有些邮箱无法通过上述方式获取证书，我们可以在装有火狐浏览器的服务器中把证书拷贝过来

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[root@localhost test]# cd /home/test/.mozilla/firefox/twmiqm5n.default/
[root@localhost twmiqm5n.default]# ll *db
-rw-------. 1 test test 65536 Jul  7 16:29 cert8.db
-rw-------. 1 test test 16384 Jul  7 16:29 key3.db
-rw-------. 1 test test 16384 May 28 20:38 secmod.db

把这个三个文件拷贝到指定文件下。比如：/root/.certs1

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set from=224******53@qq.com
set smtp=smtp.qq.com
set smtp-auth-user=224******53@qq.com
set smtp-auth-password=euia********chb
set smtp-auth=login
set smtp-use-starttls
set ssl-verify=ignore
set nss-config-dir=/root/.certs1

mailx的操作还是蛮简单的，就是一直报一个错误

Error in certificate: Peer's certificate issuer is not recognized.

证书没有获得认可

解决方法：找个存放证书的目录

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[root@localhost .certs]# pwd
/root/.certs
[root@localhost .certs]# ll
total 80
-rw-------. 1 root root 65536 Jul  8 15:13 cert8.db
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  2293 Jul  7 16:25 qq.crt
-rw-------. 1 root root 16384 Jul  8 15:13 key3.db
-rw-------. 1 root root 16384 Jul  7 16:24 secmod.db
[root@localhost .certs]# certutil -A -n "GeoTrust SSL CA - G3" -t "Pu,Pu,Pu"  -d ./ -i qq.crt 
Notice: Trust flag u is set automatically if the private key is present.

这样就不会报错了。

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Resolving host smtp.qq.com . . . done.
Connecting to *.*.*.* . . . connected.
220 smtp.qq.com Esmtp QQ Mail Server
>>> EHLO localhost
250-smtp.qq.com
250-PIPELINING
250-SIZE 73400320
250-STARTTLS
250-AUTH LOGIN PLAIN
250-AUTH=LOGIN
250-MAILCOMPRESS
250 8BITMIME
>>> STARTTLS
220 Ready to start TLS
Comparing DNS name: "mx2.qq.com"
................................
Comparing DNS name: "smtp.qq.com"
SSL parameters: cipher=AES-256, keysize=256, secretkeysize=256,
issuer=CN=GeoTrust SSL CA - G3,O=GeoTrust Inc.,C=US
subject=CN=pop.qq.com,OU=R&D,O=Shenzhen Tencent Computer Systems Company Limited,L=Shenzhen,ST=Guangdong,C=CN
>>> EHLO localhost
250-smtp.qq.com
250-PIPELINING
250-SIZE 73400320
250-AUTH LOGIN PLAIN
250-AUTH=LOGIN
250-MAILCOMPRESS
250 8BITMIME
>>> AUTH LOGIN
334 VXNlcm5hbWU6
>>> MjI0Njk0NTU1M0BxcS5jb20=
334 UGFzc3dvcmQ6
>>> ZXVpYXl1a3JrZ3JoZWNoYg==
235 Authentication successful
>>> MAIL FROM:<22******53@qq.com>
250 Ok
>>> RCPT TO:<username@163.com>
250 Ok
>>> DATA
354 End data with <CR><LF>.<CR><LF>
>>> .
250 Ok: queued as 
>>> QUIT
221 Bye

 

七、sendEmail（目前还没有测试）

下面来介绍sendEmail的使用

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wget http://caspian.dotconf.net/menu/Software/SendEmail/sendEmail-v1.56.tar.gz 
tar -zxvf sendEmail-v1.56.tar.gz
cd sendEmail-v1.56
mv sendEmail /usr/local/bin/
yum -y install perl-IO-Socket-SSL openssl-perl openssl-devel

sendEmail就可以使用了。应为sendEmail没有配置文件，所以在发送邮件的时候需要填上发件人的账户密码，没有mailx方便.

这是我们需要脚本辅助

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#!/bash/sh
from_email='username@hotmail.com'
smtp='smtp-mail.outlook.com:587'
title='标题'
to_email=`username@qq.com`
passwd='passwd'
body=`cat test`
/usr/sbin/sendEmail -o tls=yes -f "$from_email"  -s "$smtp"  -u "$title"  -o message-content-type=text  -o message-charset=utf8 -t "$to_email" -xu "$from_email"  -xp "$passwd"  -m "$body"

以上是个简单的脚本，当然标题和内容以及发件人你都可以传参进来。这样的话就不会再命令行中暴露密码。

 

posted @ 2017-07-02 23:54  努力哥  阅读(2265)  评论(0)  编辑  收藏  举报