nest.js + typeORM:基本使用

前言

nest是一款兼容typescript和javascript的node.js框架.本文使用nest的一些基本模块,来搭建一个简单的web API CURD应用程序。typeORM是一款比较成熟的对象关系映射器,它是由typescript写的。nesttypeORM的具体介绍,可以查看官方文档。

项目搭建

使用CLI搭建project:

 npm i -g @nestjs/cli
 nest new nest-app

这样就创建了一个nest-app项目,创建完成后,在src文件夹中包含以下几个核心文件:

src
├── app.controller.ts
├── app.module.ts
└── main.ts

main.ts问项目启动文件,默认监听端口3000,根模块app.module.ts,路由实例app.controller.ts.

现在执行以下命令运行项目:

npm run start

启动后,在浏览器中输入localhost:3000,可以看到Hello world.

typeORM的使用

安装typeorm:

npm install --save @nestjs/typeorm typeorm mysql

typeorm支持多种数据库,本项目使用的是mysql。

创建实体employee和company,文件目录:

entities
├── employee.entity.ts
├── company.entity.ts

  

import { Entity, Column, PrimaryGeneratedColumn, ManyToOne, JoinTable } from 'typeorm';
import { Company } from './company.entity'
@Entity()
export class Employee {
    @PrimaryGeneratedColumn()
    id: number

    @Column()
    name: string

    @Column()
    age: number

    @Column()
    address: string

    @ManyToOne(type => Company, company => company.employees, { cascade: true })
    @JoinTable()
    company: Company
}

 company.entity.ts:

import { Entity, Column, PrimaryGeneratedColumn, OneToMany } from 'typeorm';
import { Employee } from './employee.entity'
@Entity()
export class Company {
    @PrimaryGeneratedColumn()
    id: number

    @Column()
    name: string

    @OneToMany(type => Employee, employee => employee.company)
    employees: Employee[]
}

 

在typeorm中都是通过装饰器来指定对象映射关系,本项目实体中目前主要使用仅使用了自增长主键,数据列,一对多关系等基本功能,在定义实体对象之间的关系时,关系一定要清楚,本例使用了cascade,可以用于级联删除级联保存操作。注意:级联删除和级联保存仅在save()时会生效,在insert()时无效。

创建employee模块

employee
├── employee.controller.ts
├── employee.module.ts
└── employee.service.ts

employee.service.ts:

import { Injectable } from '@nestjs/common';
import { Employee } from '../entities/employee.entity'
import { InjectRepository } from '@nestjs/typeorm';
import { Repository } from 'typeorm';
import { Company } from '../entities/company.entity'

@Injectable()
export class EmployeeService {

    constructor(@InjectRepository(Employee)
    private readonly employeeRepository: Repository<Employee>) { }
    root(): string {
        return 'Hello World!';
    }
    async create(): Promise<string> {
        let employee = new Employee();
        let company = new Company();
        company.name = 'asc';
        employee.name = 'novak';
        employee.age = 20;
        employee.address = 'shanghai';
        employee.company = company;

        return this.employeeRepository.save(employee)
            .then(res => {
                return 'create employee ...done'
            })
            .catch(err => {
                return err
            });
    }

    async findOne(name: string): Promise<Employee> {
        return await this.employeeRepository.findOne({ name: name });
    }
}
employee.controller.ts: 
import { Get, Controller,Param } from '@nestjs/common';
import { EmployeeService } from './employee.service';
import { Employee } from 'entities/employee.entity';

@Controller('employee')
export class EmployeeController {
constructor(private readonly employeeService: EmployeeService) {}

@Get()
root():string{
console.log(123)
return this.employeeService.root();
}

@Get('findOne/:name')
async findOne(@Param() params):Promise<Employee>{
console.log(params.name);
return this.employeeService.findOne(params.name);
}

@Get('create')
async create():Promise<string>{
console.log('1323')
return this.employeeService.create();
}
}

employee.module.ts:

import { Module } from '@nestjs/common';
import { TypeOrmModule } from '@nestjs/typeorm';
import { EmployeeController } from './employee.controller'
import { EmployeeService } from './employee.service'
import { Employee } from '../entities/employee.entity'

@Module({
    imports: [TypeOrmModule.forFeature([Employee])],
    providers: [EmployeeService],
    controllers: [EmployeeController]
})
export class EmployeeModule {
  
}
在employee.module.ts中TypeOrmModule.forFeature()是用于动态获取模块对象。在employee.controller.ts使用了基本的路由配置方式。

模块注入,数据库连接信息配置

在根目录中注入employee模块:

import { Module } from '@nestjs/common';
import { AppController } from './app.controller';
import { AppService } from './app.service';
import { TypeOrmModule } from '@nestjs/typeorm';
import {EmployeeModule} from './employee/employee.module'

@Module({
  imports: [
    TypeOrmModule.forRoot(),
    EmployeeModule
  ],
  controllers: [AppController],
  providers: [AppService],
})
export class AppModule { }

可以看到,在imports中使用typeormmodule.forRoot()用于动态返回typeormmodule,typeormmodule连接数据库的方式有多种,可以使用配置文件,也可以在forRoot()中传入options参数信息,本例使用配置文件,在src目录下添加ormconfig.json文件:

{
    "type": "mysql",
    "host": "localhost",
    "port": 3306,
    "username": "root",
    "password": "root",
    "database": "nest-app",
    "entities": ["src/**/**.entity{.ts,.js}"],
    "synchronize": true
  }

至此一个基本的带有employee的创建和查询功能的service程序已搭建完毕,浏览器输入:localhost:3000/employee/create看看效果吧。

源码github

欢迎小伙伴多来交流!^_^

 

posted @ 2018-07-01 12:23  Novak12  阅读(17346)  评论(1编辑  收藏  举报