实验3

实验任务1:

源代码:

 1 #include <stdio.h>
 2 
 3 char score_to_grade(int score);  
 4 
 5 int main() {
 6     int score;
 7     char grade;
 8 
 9     while(scanf("%d", &score) != EOF) {
10         grade = score_to_grade(score); 
11         printf("分数: %d, 等级: %c\n\n", score, grade);
12     }
13 
14     return 0;
15 }
16 char score_to_grade(int score) {
17     char ans;
18 
19     switch(score/10) {
20     case 10:
21     case 9:   ans = 'A'; break;
22     case 8:   ans = 'B'; break;
23     case 7:   ans = 'C'; break;
24     case 6:   ans = 'D'; break;
25     default:  ans = 'E';
26     }
27 
28     return ans;
29 }

运行结果:

问题1:功能:将分数与等级挂钩,使相应分数输出相应等级          形参类型:整型  返回值类型:字符型   

 问题2:有;无break,程序会按照顺序依次执行,可能一次输出多个等级

实验任务2:

源代码:

 1 #include <stdio.h>
 2 
 3 int sum_digits(int n);  
 4 
 5 int main() {
 6     int n;
 7     int ans;
 8 
 9     while(printf("Enter n: "), scanf("%d", &n) != EOF) {
10         ans = sum_digits(n);    
11         printf("n = %d, ans = %d\n\n", n, ans);
12     }
13 
14     return 0;
15 }
16 
17 int sum_digits(int n) {
18     int ans = 0;
19 
20     while(n != 0) {
21         ans += n % 10;
22         n /= 10;
23     }
24 
25     return ans;
26 } 
1 int sum_digits(int n) 
2 {
3 if(n < 10)
4 return n;
5 return sum_digits(n/10) + n%10;
6 }

运行结果:

问题1:将n的各个位数进行相加
问题2:能;第一种是迭代,用n先对10取余,再取整 ,并循环相加来实现;而第二种是递归,在函数里再调用函数以实现各个位数的相加,当n<10时,函数终止,返回所有余数相加的值

实验任务3:

源代码:

 1 #include <stdio.h>
 2 
 3 int power(int x, int n);    
 4 
 5 int main() {
 6     int x, n;
 7     int ans;
 8 
 9     while(printf("Enter x and n: "), scanf("%d%d", &x, &n) != EOF) {
10         ans = power(x, n); 
11         printf("n = %d, ans = %d\n\n", n, ans);
12     }
13     
14     return 0;
15 }
16 
17 int power(int x, int n) {
18     int t;
19 
20     if(n == 0)
21         return 1;
22     else if(n % 2)
23         return x * power(x, n-1);
24     else {
25         t = power(x, n/2);
26         return t*t;
27     }
28 }

运行结果:

问题1:求x的n次方
问题2:是 ;递归模式: x * power(x, n-1)和 t = power(x, n/2)
数学公式模型:当n为偶数时,与x正负无关,求x的n次方;当n等于0时,输出1;当n为奇数时,x小于0,输出答案为负的,当x等于0时,输出0,当x大于0时,输出答案为正的

实验任务4:

源代码:

 1 #include <stdio.h>
 2 int is_prime(int n);
 3 int main()
 4 {
 5     int i,count=0;
 6     printf("100以内的孪生素数:\n") ;
 7     for(i=0;i<101;i++)
 8     {
 9         if(is_prime(i)&&is_prime(i+2))
10         {
11             printf("%d %d\n",i,i+2);
12             count+=1;
13         }
14     }
15     printf("100以内的孪生素数共有%d个",count);
16     return 0;
17 }
18 int is_prime(int n)
19 {
20     if (n < 2)
21         return 0;
22     for (int i = 2; i <= n / 2; i++)
23     {
24         if (n % i == 0)
25             return 0;
26     }
27     return 1;
28 }

运行结果:

实验任务5:

源代码:

 1 #include <stdio.h>
 2 #include<stdlib.h>
 3 void hanoi(unsigned int n,char from,char temp,char to);
 4 void moveplate(unsigned int n,char from,char to);
 5 int count=0;
 6 int main()
 7 {
 8     unsigned int n;
 9     while(scanf("%u",&n)!=EOF)
10     {
11         count=0;
12         hanoi(n,'A','B','C');
13         printf("一共移动了%d次\n",count);
14     }
15     return 0;    
16 }
17 void hanoi(unsigned int n,char from,char temp,char to)
18 {
19 
20     if(n==1)
21     {
22         moveplate(n,from,to);
23     }
24     
25     else
26     {
27         hanoi(n-1,from,to,temp);
28         moveplate(n,from,to);
29         hanoi(n-1,temp,from,to);
30     }   
31 }
32 void moveplate(unsigned int n,char from,char to)
33 {
34     printf("%u:%c-->%c\n",n,from,to);
35     count+=1;
36 }

运行结果:

 

试验任务6:

源代码:

迭代:

 1 #include <stdio.h>
 2 int func(int n, int m); 
 3 int main() 
 4 {
 5     int n, m;
 6     int ans;
 7     while(scanf("%d%d", &n, &m) != EOF) 
 8     {
 9         ans = func(n, m); 
10         printf("n = %d, m = %d, ans = %d\n\n", n, m, ans);
11     }
12 return 0;
13 }
14 int func(int n, int m)
15 {
16     int ans=1;
17     if(m>n)
18     return 0;
19     else
20     {
21         for(int i=0;i<m;i++)
22         {
23             ans*=n;
24             n-=1;
25         }
26         for(int i=1;i<=m;i++)
27         {
28             ans/=i;
29         }
30     return ans;
31     }
32 }

运行结果:

 

 

递归:

 1 #include <stdio.h>
 2 int func(int n, int m); 
 3 int main() 
 4 {
 5     int n, m;
 6     int ans;
 7     while(scanf("%d%d", &n, &m) != EOF) 
 8     {
 9         ans = func(n, m); 
10         printf("n = %d, m = %d, ans = %d\n\n", n, m, ans);
11     }
12 return 0;
13 }
14 int func(int n, int m)
15 {
16     if(m>n)
17     return 0;
18     else if (m == n || m == 0)
19     return 1;
20     else
21     {
22         return func(n - 1, m) + func(n - 1, m - 1);
23     }
24 }

运行结果:

实验任务7:

源代码:

 1 #include <stdio.h>
 2 #include <stdlib.h>
 3 void print_charman(int n);
 4 int main()
 5 {
 6     int n;
 7     printf("Enter n: ");
 8     scanf("%d", &n);
 9     print_charman(n); 
10     return 0;
11 }
12 void print_charman(int n)
13 {
14     int m = 0;
15     for (int i = n; i >= 1; i--)
16     {
17         for (int j = 0; j < m; j++)
18         {
19             printf("\t");
20         }
21         for (int j = 0; j < 2 * i - 1; j++)
22         {
23             printf(" o\t");
24         }
25         printf("\n");
26         for (int j = 0; j < m; j++)
27         {
28             printf("\t");
29         }
30         for (int j = 0; j < 2 * i - 1; j++)
31         {
32             printf("<H>\t");
33         }
34         printf("\n");
35         for (int j = 0; j < m; j++)
36         {
37             printf("\t");
38         }
39         for (int j = 0; j < 2 * i - 1; j++)
40         {
41             printf("I I\t");
42         }
43         printf("\n"); 
44         m++;
45     }
46 }

运行结果:

 实验总结:

对汉诺塔程序有更深的理解

基本熟悉迭代和递归间的关系和区别

posted @ 2024-10-26 23:36  noeleven  阅读(21)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报