通过代码来代替postman来访问接口
一、通过jdk1.8自带的工具类直接请求
不需要导入任何jar包
1 package servlet; 2 3 import java.io.BufferedReader; 4 import java.io.IOException; 5 import java.io.InputStream; 6 import java.io.InputStreamReader; 7 import java.io.PrintWriter; 8 import java.net.ConnectException; 9 import java.net.SocketTimeoutException; 10 import java.net.URL; 11 import java.net.URLConnection; 12 import java.net.URLEncoder; 13 import java.security.cert.X509Certificate; 14 15 import javax.net.ssl.HostnameVerifier; 16 import javax.net.ssl.HttpsURLConnection; 17 import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext; 18 import javax.net.ssl.SSLSession; 19 import javax.net.ssl.TrustManager; 20 import javax.net.ssl.X509TrustManager; 21 22 import org.slf4j.Logger; 23 import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory; 24 25 /** 26 * 通用http发送方法 27 * 28 * @author ruoyi 29 */ 30 public class HttpUt 31 { 32 private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(HttpUt.class); 33 34 /** 35 * 向指定 URL 发送GET方法的请求 36 * 37 * @param url 发送请求的 URL 38 * @param param 请求参数，请求参数应该是 name1=value1&name2=value2 的形式。 39 * @return 所代表远程资源的响应结果 40 */ 41 public static String sendGet(String url, String param) 42 { 43 StringBuilder result = new StringBuilder(); 44 BufferedReader in = null; 45 try 46 { 47 String urlNameString = url + "?" + param; 48 log.info("sendGet - {}", urlNameString); 49 URL realUrl = new URL(urlNameString); 50 URLConnection connection = realUrl.openConnection(); 51 connection.setRequestProperty("accept", "*/*"); 52 connection.setRequestProperty("connection", "Keep-Alive"); 53 connection.setRequestProperty("user-agent", "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1;SV1)"); 54 connection.connect(); 55 in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(connection.getInputStream())); 56 String line; 57 while ((line = in.readLine()) != null) 58 { 59 result.append(line); 60 } 61 log.info("recv - {}", result); 62 } 63 catch (ConnectException e) 64 { 65 log.error("调用HttpUtils.sendGet ConnectException, url=" + url + ",param=" + param, e); 66 } 67 catch (SocketTimeoutException e) 68 { 69 log.error("调用HttpUtils.sendGet SocketTimeoutException, url=" + url + ",param=" + param, e); 70 } 71 catch (IOException e) 72 { 73 log.error("调用HttpUtils.sendGet IOException, url=" + url + ",param=" + param, e); 74 } 75 catch (Exception e) 76 { 77 log.error("调用HttpsUtil.sendGet Exception, url=" + url + ",param=" + param, e); 78 } 79 finally 80 { 81 try 82 { 83 if (in != null) 84 { 85 in.close(); 86 } 87 } 88 catch (Exception ex) 89 { 90 log.error("调用in.close Exception, url=" + url + ",param=" + param, ex); 91 } 92 } 93 return result.toString(); 94 } 95 96 /** 97 * 向指定 URL 发送POST方法的请求 98 * 99 * @param url 发送请求的 URL 100 * @param param 请求参数，请求参数应该是 name1=value1&name2=value2 的形式。 101 * @return 所代表远程资源的响应结果 102 */ 103 public static String sendPost(String url, String param) 104 { 105 PrintWriter out = null; 106 BufferedReader in = null; 107 StringBuilder result = new StringBuilder(); 108 try 109 { 110 String urlNameString = url + "?" + URLEncoder.encode(param, "UTF-8"); 111 log.info("sendPost - {}", urlNameString); 112 URL realUrl = new URL(urlNameString); 113 URLConnection conn = realUrl.openConnection(); 114 conn.setRequestProperty("accept", "*/*"); 115 conn.setRequestProperty("connection", "Keep-Alive"); 116 conn.setRequestProperty("user-agent", "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1;SV1)"); 117 conn.setRequestProperty("Accept-Charset", "utf-8"); 118 conn.setRequestProperty("contentType", "utf-8"); 119 conn.setDoOutput(true); 120 conn.setDoInput(true); 121 out = new PrintWriter(conn.getOutputStream()); 122 out.print(param); 123 out.flush(); 124 in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(conn.getInputStream(), "utf-8")); 125 String line; 126 while ((line = in.readLine()) != null) 127 { 128 result.append(line); 129 } 130 log.info("recv - {}", result); 131 } 132 catch (ConnectException e) 133 { 134 log.error("调用HttpUtils.sendPost ConnectException, url=" + url + ",param=" + param, e); 135 } 136 catch (SocketTimeoutException e) 137 { 138 log.error("调用HttpUtils.sendPost SocketTimeoutException, url=" + url + ",param=" + param, e); 139 } 140 catch (IOException e) 141 { 142 log.error("调用HttpUtils.sendPost IOException, url=" + url + ",param=" + param, e); 143 } 144 catch (Exception e) 145 { 146 log.error("调用HttpsUtil.sendPost Exception, url=" + url + ",param=" + param, e); 147 } 148 finally 149 { 150 try 151 { 152 if (out != null) 153 { 154 out.close(); 155 } 156 if (in != null) 157 { 158 in.close(); 159 } 160 } 161 catch (IOException ex) 162 { 163 log.error("调用in.close Exception, url=" + url + ",param=" + param, ex); 164 } 165 } 166 return result.toString(); 167 } 168 169 public static String sendSSLPost(String url, String param) 170 { 171 StringBuilder result = new StringBuilder(); 172 String urlNameString = url + "?" + param; 173 try 174 { 175 log.info("sendSSLPost - {}", urlNameString); 176 SSLContext sc = SSLContext.getInstance("SSL"); 177 sc.init(null, new TrustManager[] { new TrustAnyTrustManager() }, new java.security.SecureRandom()); 178 URL console = new URL(urlNameString); 179 HttpsURLConnection conn = (HttpsURLConnection) console.openConnection(); 180 conn.setRequestProperty("accept", "*/*"); 181 conn.setRequestProperty("connection", "Keep-Alive"); 182 conn.setRequestProperty("user-agent", "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1;SV1)"); 183 conn.setRequestProperty("Accept-Charset", "utf-8"); 184 conn.setRequestProperty("contentType", "utf-8"); 185 conn.setDoOutput(true); 186 conn.setDoInput(true); 187 188 conn.setSSLSocketFactory(sc.getSocketFactory()); 189 conn.setHostnameVerifier(new TrustAnyHostnameVerifier()); 190 conn.connect(); 191 InputStream is = conn.getInputStream(); 192 BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is)); 193 String ret = ""; 194 while ((ret = br.readLine()) != null) 195 { 196 if (ret != null && !ret.trim().equals("")) 197 { 198 result.append(new String(ret.getBytes("ISO-8859-1"), "utf-8")); 199 } 200 } 201 log.info("recv - {}", result); 202 conn.disconnect(); 203 br.close(); 204 } 205 catch (ConnectException e) 206 { 207 log.error("调用HttpUtils.sendSSLPost ConnectException, url=" + url + ",param=" + param, e); 208 } 209 catch (SocketTimeoutException e) 210 { 211 log.error("调用HttpUtils.sendSSLPost SocketTimeoutException, url=" + url + ",param=" + param, e); 212 } 213 catch (IOException e) 214 { 215 log.error("调用HttpUtils.sendSSLPost IOException, url=" + url + ",param=" + param, e); 216 } 217 catch (Exception e) 218 { 219 log.error("调用HttpsUtil.sendSSLPost Exception, url=" + url + ",param=" + param, e); 220 } 221 return result.toString(); 222 } 223 224 private static class TrustAnyTrustManager implements X509TrustManager 225 { 226 @Override 227 public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) 228 { 229 } 230 231 @Override 232 public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) 233 { 234 } 235 236 @Override 237 public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() 238 { 239 return new X509Certificate[] {}; 240 } 241 } 242 243 private static class TrustAnyHostnameVerifier implements HostnameVerifier 244 { 245 @Override 246 public boolean verify(String hostname, SSLSession session) 247 { 248 return true; 249 } 250 } 251 }
二、第二种工具类、（需要导入jar包和配置请求头）
1.所需jar包
2.请求头的配置
String result= HttpUtil.init(url).setMethod(HttpUtil.POST) .addHeader("accept", "*/*") .addHeader("connection", "Keep-Alive") .addHeader("user-agent", "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1;SV1)") .addHeader("contentType", "application/json;charset=utf-8") .addHeader("Transfer-Encoding", "chunked") .send(para);
3.工具类
1 package servlet; 2 3 import java.net.HttpURLConnection; 4 import java.net.ProtocolException; 5 import java.net.URL; 6 import java.net.URLConnection; 7 import java.util.Map; 8 import java.util.Map.Entry; 9 import org.apache.commons.codec.binary.Base64; 10 import org.apache.commons.io.IOUtils; 11 //import org.apache.log4j.Logger; 12 13 /** 14 * http 工具类 15 * 16 * 17 */ 18 public class HttpUtil { 19 public static final String POST="POST"; 20 public static final String GET="GET"; 21 22 private HttpURLConnection connection; 23 24 private HttpUtil(String url){ 25 try { 26 connection= (HttpURLConnection) new URL(url).openConnection(); 27 connection.setDoInput(true); 28 connection.setDoOutput(true); 29 } catch (Exception e) { 30 // Logger.getLogger("com.rockontrol.error").error(e); 31 connection= null; 32 } 33 } 34 public static HttpUtil init(String url){ 35 HttpUtil httpUtil=new HttpUtil(url); 36 if(httpUtil.connection==null) 37 return null; 38 return httpUtil.setMethod(POST); 39 } 40 41 public HttpUtil addHeader(String type,String value){ 42 connIsNull(); 43 connection.addRequestProperty(type, value); 44 return this; 45 } 46 public HttpUtil addHeader(Map<String, String> headers){ 47 for(Entry<String, String> entry:headers.entrySet()) 48 addHeader(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue()); 49 return this; 50 } 51 public HttpUtil setTimeout(int m){ 52 connIsNull(); 53 connection.setConnectTimeout(m); 54 connection.setReadTimeout(m); 55 return this; 56 } 57 public HttpUtil setMethod(String method){ 58 connIsNull(); 59 try { 60 connection.setRequestMethod(method); 61 } catch (ProtocolException e) { 62 // Logger.getLogger("com.rockontrol.error").error(e); 63 return null; 64 } 65 return this; 66 } 67 68 public String send(String msg,String encode){ 69 connIsNull(); 70 try { 71 if(!"".equals(msg)){ 72 System.out.println("00"); 73 IOUtils.write(msg, connection.getOutputStream(),encode); 74 System.out.println("11"); 75 } 76 if(connection.getResponseCode()==HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK) { 77 System.out.println("11"); 78 return IOUtils.toString(connection.getInputStream(),encode); 79 }else{ 80 throw new RuntimeException("接受数据失败！"+connection.getResponseCode()+" : "+connection.getResponseMessage()); 81 } 82 } catch (Exception e) { 83 // Logger.getLogger("com.rockontrol.error").error(e); 84 return null; 85 }finally{ 86 close(); 87 } 88 } 89 public String getImage(){ 90 connIsNull(); 91 try { 92 IOUtils.write("", connection.getOutputStream()); 93 94 if(connection.getResponseCode()==HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK){ 95 //return IOUtils.toString(connection.getInputStream(),encode); 96 byte[] buffer=IOUtils.toByteArray(connection.getInputStream()); 97 return Base64.encodeBase64String(buffer); 98 }else{ 99 throw new RuntimeException("接受数据失败！"+connection.getResponseCode()+" : "+connection.getResponseMessage()); 100 } 101 } catch (Exception e) { 102 103 return null; 104 }finally{ 105 close(); 106 } 107 } 108 public String send(String msg){ 109 return send(msg,"UTF-8"); 110 } 111 112 public URLConnection getConnection(){ 113 connIsNull(); 114 return connection; 115 } 116 117 public void close(){ 118 IOUtils.close(connection); 119 } 120 121 private void connIsNull(){ 122 if(connection==null){ 123 throw new RuntimeException("无法建立连接!"); 124 } 125 } 126 }
三、使用resttemplate
1 RestTemplate client = new RestTemplate(); 2 HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders(); 3 HttpMethod method = HttpMethod.GET; 4 5 // 以表单的方式提交 6 // headers.setContentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_FORM_URLENCODED); 7 //将请求头部和参数合成一个请求 8 HttpEntity<MultiValueMap<String, String>> requestEntity = new HttpEntity<>(headers); 9 //执行HTTP请求，将返回的结构使用ResultVO类格式化 10 ResponseEntity<String> response = client.exchange(url, method, requestEntity,String.class); 11 System.out.println("---------------"+response.getBody());
