实验5

任务一

 1 #include <stdio.h>
 2 #define N 5
 3 
 4 void input(int x[], int n);
 5 void output(int x[], int n);
 6 void find_min_max(int x[], int n, int *pmin, int *pmax);
 7 
 8 int main() {
 9     int a[N];
10     int min, max;
11 
12     printf("录入%d个数据:\n", N);
13     input(a, N);
14 
15     printf("数据是: \n");
16     output(a, N);
17 
18     printf("数据处理...\n");
19     find_min_max(a, N, &min, &max);
20 
21     printf("输出结果:\n");
22     printf("min = %d, max = %d\n", min, max);
23 
24     return 0;
25 }
26 
27 void input(int x[], int n) {
28     int i;
29 
30     for(i = 0; i < n; ++i)
31         scanf("%d", &x[i]);
32 }
33 
34 void output(int x[], int n) {
35     int i;
36     
37     for(i = 0; i < n; ++i)
38         printf("%d ", x[i]);
39     printf("\n");
40 }
41 
42 void find_min_max(int x[], int n, int *pmin, int *pmax) {
43     int i;
44     
45     *pmin = *pmax = x[0];
46 
47     for(i = 0; i < n; ++i)
48         if(x[i] < *pmin)
49             *pmin = x[i];
50         else if(x[i] > *pmax)
51             *pmax = x[i];
52 }

1。功能为找出数据中的最大值和最小值

2。均指向x[0]的地址

 1 #include <stdio.h>
 2 #define N 5
 3 
 4 void input(int x[], int n);
 5 void output(int x[], int n);
 6 int *find_max(int x[], int n);
 7 
 8 int main() {
 9     int a[N];
10     int *pmax;
11 
12     printf("录入%d个数据:\n", N);
13     input(a, N);
14 
15     printf("数据是: \n");
16     output(a, N);
17 
18     printf("数据处理...\n");
19     pmax = find_max(a, N);
20 
21     printf("输出结果:\n");
22     printf("max = %d\n", *pmax);
23 
24     return 0;
25 }
26 
27 void input(int x[], int n) {
28     int i;
29 
30     for(i = 0; i < n; ++i)
31         scanf("%d", &x[i]);
32 }
33 
34 void output(int x[], int n) {
35     int i;
36     
37     for(i = 0; i < n; ++i)
38         printf("%d ", x[i]);
39     printf("\n");
40 }
41 
42 int *find_max(int x[], int n) {
43     int max_index = 0;
44     int i;
45 
46     for(i = 0; i < n; ++i)
47         if(x[i] > x[max_index])
48             max_index = i;
49     
50     return &x[max_index];
51 }

1。功能为找出数据中的最大值,返回地址

2。可以

任务二

 1 #include <stdio.h>
 2 #include <string.h>
 3 #define N 80
 4 
 5 int main() {
 6     char s1[N] = "Learning makes me happy";
 7     char s2[N] = "Learning makes me sleepy";
 8     char tmp[N];
 9 
10     printf("sizeof(s1) vs. strlen(s1): \n");
11     printf("sizeof(s1) = %d\n", sizeof(s1));
12     printf("strlen(s1) = %d\n", strlen(s1));
13 
14     printf("\nbefore swap: \n");
15     printf("s1: %s\n", s1);
16     printf("s2: %s\n", s2);
17 
18     printf("\nswapping...\n");
19     strcpy(tmp, s1);
20     strcpy(s1, s2);
21     strcpy(s2, tmp);
22 
23     printf("\nafter swap: \n");
24     printf("s1: %s\n", s1);
25     printf("s2: %s\n", s2);
26 
27     return 0;
28 }

s1的大小为80,计算的是s1所在的空间的长度,统计的是s1 本身所占大字符长度

不可以,s1 表示的是地址,不可以被赋值

已经交换

 1 #include <stdio.h>
 2 #include <string.h>
 3 #define N 80
 4 
 5 int main() {
 6     char *s1 = "Learning makes me happy";
 7     char *s2 = "Learning makes me sleepy";
 8     char *tmp;
 9 
10     printf("sizeof(s1) vs. strlen(s1): \n");
11     printf("sizeof(s1) = %d\n", sizeof(s1));
12     printf("strlen(s1) = %d\n", strlen(s1));
13 
14     printf("\nbefore swap: \n");
15     printf("s1: %s\n", s1);
16     printf("s2: %s\n", s2);
17 
18     printf("\nswapping...\n");
19     tmp = s1;
20     s1 = s2;
21     s2 = tmp;
22 
23     printf("\nafter swap: \n");
24     printf("s1: %s\n", s1);
25     printf("s2: %s\n", s2);
26 
27     return 0;
28 }

问题一:存放的是地址,计算的是s1中存放的单词的个数,统计的是字符串的长度;

问题二:可以,这个是将字符串直接赋值给指针变量,2.1不能将字符串直接赋值给数组作为元素

问题三:内容没有交换,交换的是地址

任务三

 1 #include <stdio.h>
 2 
 3 int main() {
 4     int x[2][4] = {{1, 9, 8, 4}, {2, 0, 4, 9}};
 5     int i, j;
 6     int *ptr1;     
 7     int(*ptr2)[4]; 
 8 
 9     printf("输出1: 使用数组名、下标直接访问二维数组元素\n");
10     for (i = 0; i < 2; ++i) {
11         for (j = 0; j < 4; ++j)
12             printf("%d ", x[i][j]);
13         printf("\n");
14     }
15 
16     printf("\n输出2: 使用指针变量ptr1(指向元素)间接访问\n");
17     for (ptr1 = &x[0][0], i = 0; ptr1 < &x[0][0] + 8; ++ptr1, ++i) {
18         printf("%d ", *ptr1);
19 
20         if ((i + 1) % 4 == 0)
21             printf("\n");
22     }
23                          
24     printf("\n输出3: 使用指针变量ptr2(指向一维数组)间接访问\n");
25     for (ptr2 = x; ptr2 < x + 2; ++ptr2) {
26         for (j = 0; j < 4; ++j)
27             printf("%d ", *(*ptr2 + j));
28         printf("\n");
29     }
30 
31     return 0;
32 }

任务四

 1 #include<stdio.h>
 2 #define N 80
 3 
 4 void replace(char *str,char old_char,char new_char);
 5 
 6 int main(){
 7     char text[N]="Programming is difficult or not,it is a question.";
 8     
 9     printf("原始文本:\n");
10     printf("%s\n",text);
11     
12     replace(text,'i','*');
13     
14     printf("处理后文本:\n");
15     printf("%s\n",text);
16     
17     return 0;
18 }
19 
20 void replace(char *str,char old_char,char new_char){
21     int i;
22     
23     while(*str){
24         if(*str==old_char)
25             *str=new_char;
26         str++;
27     }
28 }

将i换成*

可以

任务五

 1 #include <stdio.h>
 2 #define N 80
 3 
 4 char *str_trunc(char *str, char x);
 5 
 6 int main() {
 7     char str[N];
 8     char ch;
 9 
10     while(printf("输入字符串: "), gets(str) != NULL) {
11         printf("输入一个字符: ");
12         ch = getchar();
13 
14         printf("截断处理...\n");
15         str_trunc(str, ch);         
16 
17         printf("截断处理后的字符串: %s\n\n", str);
18         getchar();
19     }
20 
21     return 0;
22 }
23 
24 char *str_trunc(char *str, char x){
25     int i;
26     for(i=0;str[i]!='\0';i++){
27         if(str[i]==x){
28             str[i]='\0';
29             break;
30         }
31     }
32            
33             
34     return str;
35            
36 }

结果就无法截断字符串

读取至‘\0’时,截断字符串

任务六

 1 #include <stdio.h>
 2 #include <string.h>
 3 #define N 5
 4 
 5 int check_id(char *str); 
 6 
 7 int main()
 8 {
 9     char *pid[N] = {"31010120000721656X",
10                     "3301061996X0203301",
11                     "53010220051126571",
12                     "510104199211197977",
13                     "53010220051126133Y"};
14     int i;
15 
16     for (i = 0; i < N; ++i)
17         if (check_id(pid[i])) 
18             printf("%s\tTrue\n", pid[i]);
19         else
20             printf("%s\tFalse\n", pid[i]);
21 
22     return 0;
23 }
24 
25 // 函数定义
26 // 功能: 检查指针str指向的身份证号码串形式上是否合法
27 // 形式合法,返回1,否则,返回0
28 int check_id(char *str) {
29     int i;
30     if(strlen(str)!=18)
31         return 0;
32     for(i=0;i<17;i++){
33         if(str[i]<'0'||str[i]>'9')
34             return 0;
35     }
36     if(str[17]<'0'||str[17]>'9'){
37         if(str[17]!='X')
38            return 0;
39     }
40     return 1;
41 }

任务七

 1 #include <stdio.h>
 2 #define N 80
 3 void encoder(char *str, int n); // 函数声明
 4 void decoder(char *str, int n); // 函数声明
 5 
 6 int main() {
 7     char words[N];
 8     int n;
 9 
10     printf("输入英文文本: ");
11     gets(words);
12 
13     printf("输入n: ");
14     scanf("%d", &n);
15 
16     printf("编码后的英文文本: ");
17     encoder(words, n);      // 函数调用
18     printf("%s\n", words);
19 
20     printf("对编码后的英文文本解码: ");
21     decoder(words, n); // 函数调用
22     printf("%s\n", words);
23 
24     return 0;
25 }
26 
27 /*函数定义
28 功能:对s指向的字符串进行编码处理
29 编码规则:
30 对于a~z或A~Z之间的字母字符,用其后第n个字符替换; 其它非字母字符,保持不变
31 */
32 void encoder(char *str, int n) {
33     int i;
34     n=n%26;
35     for(i=0;str[i]!='\0';i++){
36         if(str[i]>='a'&&str[i]<='z'){
37             str[i]=(str[i]-'a'+n)%26+'a'; 
38         }
39         if(str[i]>='A'&&str[i]<='Z'){
40             str[i]=(str[i]-'A'+n)%26+'A';
41         }
42     }
43 }
44 
45 /*函数定义
46 功能:对s指向的字符串进行解码处理
47 解码规则:
48 对于a~z或A~Z之间的字母字符,用其前面第n个字符替换; 其它非字母字符,保持不变
49 */
50 void decoder(char *str, int n) {
51     int i;
52     n=n%26;
53     for(i=0;str[i]!=0;i++){
54         if(str[i]>='a'&&str[i]<='z')
55             str[i]='z'-('z'-str[i]+n)%26;
56         if(str[i]>='A'&&str[i]<='Z')
57             str[i]='Z'-('Z'-str[i]+n)%26;
58     }

任务八

 1 #include <stdio.h>
 2 #include<stdlib.h>
 3 int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
 4 int i,k=0;
 5 char *p;
 6 while(1){
 7     k = 0;
 8     for(i = 1;i< argc -1 ; i++){
 9         if(*argv[i] > *argv[i+1]){
10             p = argv[i];
11             argv[i] = argv[i+1];
12             argv[i+1] = p;
13             k++;
14         }
15     }
16     if(k==0){
17         break;
18     }
19 }
20 for(i = 1; i < argc; ++i)
21 printf("hello, %s\n", argv[i]);
22 return 0;
23 }

 

posted @ 2024-12-08 19:08  糯檽檽米  阅读(9)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报