Protobuf, understand the hood
proto文件定义
package lm;
message Foo{
required int32 id = 1;
}
message Bar{
required int32 id = 1 [default = 12];
required string str= 2 [default = "bar::str"];
required Foo foo= 3;
}
下面分析protoc
编译生成的:ph.b和pb.cc文件。
初始化
protoc
会定义一个全局对象:
struct StaticDescriptorInitializer_lm_2ehelloworld_2eproto {
StaticDescriptorInitializer_lm_2ehelloworld_2eproto() {
protobuf_AddDesc_lm_2ehelloworld_2eproto();
};
} static_descriptor_initializer_lm_2ehelloworld_2eproto_;
其中protobuf_AddDesc_lm_2ehelloworld_2eproto()
函数完成了默认值的初始化:
void protobuf_AddDesc_lm_2ehelloworld_2eproto() {
static bool already_here = false;
...
Foo::default_instance_ = new Foo();
Bar::_default_str_ =
new ::std::string("bar::str", 8); // string默认值存在这里
Bar::default_instance_ = new Bar();
Foo::default_instance_->InitAsDefaultInstance();
Bar::default_instance_->InitAsDefaultInstance();
::google::protobuf::internal::OnShutdown(&protobuf_ShutdownFile_lm_2ehelloworld_2eproto);
}
同时注册了清理函数protobuf_ShutdownFile_lm_2ehelloworld_2eproto
:
void protobuf_ShutdownFile_lm_2ehelloworld_2eproto() {
delete Foo::default_instance_;
delete Foo_reflection_;
delete Bar::default_instance_;
delete Bar_reflection_;
delete Bar::_default_str_;
}
构造
默认值的赋值在构造函数里:
Bar::Bar()
: ::google::protobuf::Message() {
SharedCtor();
// @@protoc_insertion_point(constructor:lm.Bar)
}
void Bar::SharedCtor() {
::google::protobuf::internal::GetEmptyString();
_cached_size_ = 0;
id_ = 12; // id默认值
str_ = const_cast< ::std::string*>(_default_str_); // str默认值
foo_ = NULL;
::memset(_has_bits_, 0, sizeof(_has_bits_));
}
整数标示符的名称为kXxxFieldNumber
:
class Bar : public ::google::protobuf::Message {
public:
static const int kIdFieldNumber = 1;
static const int kStrFieldNumber = 2;
static const int kFooFieldNumber = 3;
};
析构
新建的对象在析构函数里删除:
Bar::~Bar() {
// @@protoc_insertion_point(destructor:lm.Bar)
SharedDtor();
}
void Bar::SharedDtor() {
if (str_ != _default_str_) {
delete str_;
}
if (this != default_instance_) {
delete foo_;
}
};
Mutable Pointer
使用mutable_xxx()
时,如果没有set过,则new一个新对象出来返回:
inline ::std::string* Bar::mutable_str() {
set_has_str();
if (str_ == _default_str_) {
str_ = new ::std::string(*_default_str_);
}
return str_;
}
inline ::lm::Foo* Bar::mutable_foo() {
set_has_foo();
if (foo_ == NULL) foo_ = new ::lm::Foo;
return foo_;
}
Allocate Value
使用set_allocated_xxx()
时,清理掉原来的对象,用新对象赋值:
inline void Bar::set_allocated_str(::std::string* str) {
if (str_ != _default_str_) {
delete str_;
}
if (str) {
set_has_str();
str_ = str;
} else {
clear_has_str();
str_ = const_cast< ::std::string*>(_default_str_);
}
}
inline void Bar::set_allocated_foo(::lm::Foo* foo) {
delete foo_;
foo_ = foo;
if (foo) {
set_has_foo();
} else {
clear_has_foo();
}
}
Clear
Clear()
时重设为默认值:
void Bar::Clear() {
if (_has_bits_[0 / 32] & 7) {
id_ = 12;
if (has_str()) {
if (str_ != _default_str_) {
str_->assign(*_default_str_);
}
}
if (has_foo()) {
if (foo_ != NULL) foo_->::lm::Foo::Clear();
}
}
::memset(_has_bits_, 0, sizeof(_has_bits_));
mutable_unknown_fields()->Clear();
}
从这里面看出,只是重新赋值,如果是allocated的值,不会清理,所以需要allocate的人自己管理内存。