openstack--3--控制节点安装配置keystone
Keystone介绍
Keystone作用
用户与认证：用户权限与用户行为跟踪：
服务目录：提供一个服务目录，包括所有服务项与相关Api的端点，它是个注册中心
用户认证包括：User，Tenant，Token，Role
服务目录包括：Service，Endpoint
服务目录名字介绍
Service
Service即服务，如Nova、Glance、Swift。根据前三个概念（User，Tenant和Role）一个服务可以确认当前用户是否具有访问其资源的权限。
但是当一个user尝试着访问其租户内的service时，他必须知道这个service是否存在以及如何访问这个service，这里通常使用一些不同的名称表示不同的服务。
Endpoint
Endpoint，翻译为“端点”，我们可以理解它是一个服务暴露出来的访问点，如果需要访问一个服务，则必须知道他的endpoint。
因此，在keystone中包含一个endpoint模板，这个模板提供了所有存在的服务endpoints信息。
一个endpointtemplate包含一个URLs列表，列表中的每个URL都对应一个服务实例的访问地址，并且具有public、private和admin这三种权限。
public url可以被全局访问；private url只能被局域网访问；admin url被从常规的访问中分离。
用户认证名字介绍
Token
Token是访问资源的钥匙。它是通过Keystone验证后的返回值，在之后的与其他服务交互中只需要携带Token值即可。
每个Token都有一个有效期，Token只在有效期内是有效的。
Role
Role即角色，Roles代表一组用户可以访问的资源权限，例如Nova中的虚拟机、Glance中的镜像。
Users可以被添加到任意一个全局的或租户的角色中。在全局的role中，用户的role权限作用于所有的租户，即可以对所有的租户执行role规定的权限；
在租户内的role中，用户仅能在当前租户内执行role规定的权限。
Tenant
Tenant即租户，现在改成了项目。它是各个服务中的一些可以访问的资源集合。例如，在Nova中一个tenant可以是一些机器，
在Swift和Glance中一个tenant可以是一些镜像存储，在Neutron中一个tenant可以是一些网络资源。Users默认的总是绑定到某些tenant上。
User
User即用户，他们代表可以通过keystone进行访问的人或程序。Users通过认证信息（credentials，如密码、API Keys等）进行验证。
一个项目可以有多个用户
一个用户可以属于一个或多个项目
用户对项目和操作权限由用户在项目中的角色决定
KeyStone安装和配置
1、安装keystone包
以前版本，把token放在了数据库里，keystone 的token表会越来越大，几千万行，后面就响应很慢了，你可以truncate这个表，但是不要在创建虚拟机的时候截断表
现在改成了可以把token放在memcache里面，读的更快，同时memcached里也可以设置过期时间
python-memcached是使用python连接memcached的，因为连接过去，keystone会返回一个token。
httpd这个包用来运行keystone的服务，mod_wsgi 它是python的一个模块，有了它，就可以让keystone在apache运行为什么现在用到了memcached呢
[root@linux-node1 ~]# yum install -y openstack-keystone httpd mod_wsgi memcached python-memcached Loaded plugins: fastestmirror Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirrors.163.com * epel: mirror01.idc.hinet.net * extras: mirrors.163.com * updates: mirrors.163.com Package 1:openstack-keystone-9.2.0-1.el7.noarch already installed and latest version Package httpd-2.4.6-45.el7.centos.x86_64 already installed and latest version Package mod_wsgi-3.4-12.el7_0.x86_64 already installed and latest version Package memcached-1.4.33-2.el7.x86_64 already installed and latest version Package python-memcached-1.54-3.el7.noarch already installed and latest version Nothing to do [root@linux-node1 ~]#
2、更改keystone配置文件
keystone是管理认证的，我想在里面创建用户，如果像rabbitmq有个默认用户也行
现在是没有用户，怎么连上去创建用户呢，这里就用到了admin_token
使用admin_token不用任何用户就可以连接上keystone，先配置下admin_token
我们使用一个随机的值替换默认的admin，手动随机一个字符串
[root@linux-node1 ~]# openssl rand -hex 10 d6f70f7738e69f57a839 [root@linux-node1 ~]#
更改keystone配置文件/etc/keystone/keystone.conf
把13行admin_token配置成一个上面随机值，也可以自己定义。不要太简单即可
另外配置文件必须顶头写，在admin_token前面不要有空格
[database]模块下，更改数据库连接，如下
配置memcached连接配置
keystone中memcache的作用
把用户名密码验证之后生成token，放在memcache里面的，来提高性能
其实你的memcache也可以安装在任意一台机器上，解耦
[token]模块下，配置令牌提供者，fernet方式比uuid更安全，配置driver为memcache，表示把另外放在memcache空间里
检查下配置，显示行号
[root@linux-node1 ~]# grep -n '^[a-Z]' /etc/keystone/keystone.conf 13:admin_token = d6f70f7738e69f57a839 549:connection = mysql+pymysql://keystone:keystone@192.168.56.11/keystone 1252:servers = 192.168.56.11:11211 2005:provider = fernet 2010:driver = memcache [root@linux-node1 ~]#
3、同步数据库执行建表操作
初始化身份认证服务的数据库：
[root@linux-node1 ~]# su -s /bin/sh -c "keystone-manage db_sync" keystone [root@linux-node1 ~]#
为什么要切换到keystone用户下执行这个命令呢
如果你上面不切换到keystone用户执行，也能执行成功，但是这个log文件属主就是root了
后面启动keystone服务，它要写这个日志文件，root属主的文件它无法写入，就启动不成功了
上面命令执行完毕，日志属主都是keystone用户下的了。
[root@linux-node1 ~]# cd /var/log/keystone/ [root@linux-node1 keystone]# ll total 8 -rw-r--r-- 1 keystone keystone 6964 Feb 16 21:32 keystone.log [root@linux-node1 keystone]# tail -10 keystone.log 2017-02-16 21:32:31.820 6028 INFO migrate.versioning.api [-] 2 -> 3... 2017-02-16 21:32:31.835 6028 INFO migrate.versioning.api [-] done 2017-02-16 21:32:31.835 6028 INFO migrate.versioning.api [-] 3 -> 4... 2017-02-16 21:32:31.879 6028 INFO migrate.versioning.api [-] done 2017-02-16 21:32:31.879 6028 INFO migrate.versioning.api [-] 4 -> 5... 2017-02-16 21:32:31.902 6028 INFO migrate.versioning.api [-] done 2017-02-16 21:32:31.927 6028 INFO migrate.versioning.api [-] 0 -> 1... 2017-02-16 21:32:31.947 6028 INFO migrate.versioning.api [-] done 2017-02-16 21:32:31.947 6028 INFO migrate.versioning.api [-] 1 -> 2... 2017-02-16 21:32:31.975 6028 INFO migrate.versioning.api [-] done
当然你也可以以root执行，然后chown这个日志文件给keystone。
检查验证上述操作是否建表成功，使用keystone用户查看，还可以检查登录是否正确
[root@linux-node1 ~]# mysql -ukeystone -pkeystone -e "use keystone;show tables;" +------------------------+ | Tables_in_keystone | +------------------------+ | access_token | | assignment | | config_register | | consumer | | credential | | domain | | endpoint | | endpoint_group | | federated_user | | federation_protocol | | group | | id_mapping | | identity_provider | | idp_remote_ids | | implied_role | | local_user | | mapping | | migrate_version | | password | | policy | | policy_association | | project | | project_endpoint | | project_endpoint_group | | region | | request_token | | revocation_event | | role | | sensitive_config | | service | | service_provider | | token | | trust | | trust_role | | user | | user_group_membership | | whitelisted_config | +------------------------+ [root@linux-node1 ~]#
下面是keystone服务的日志文件默认路径，注意它的属组权限
[root@linux-node1 ~]# cd /var/log/keystone/ [root@linux-node1 keystone]# ll total 8 -rw-r--r-- 1 keystone keystone 4340 Feb 17 17:22 keystone.log [root@linux-node1 keystone]#
4、初始化Fernet keys，创建证书
[root@linux-node1 keystone]# keystone-manage fernet_setup --keystone-user keystone --keystone-group keystone [root@linux-node1 keystone]#
上述命令执行完，它会创建下面这个目录fernet-keys，同时注意keyston.conf的文件权限
root@linux-node1 keystone]# cd /etc/keystone/ [root@linux-node1 keystone]# ls -l total 100 -rw-r----- 1 root keystone 2303 Sep 22 20:06 default_catalog.templates drwx------ 2 keystone keystone 22 Feb 17 17:28 fernet-keys -rw-r----- 1 root keystone 73171 Feb 17 17:22 keystone.conf -rw-r----- 1 root keystone 2400 Sep 22 20:06 keystone-paste.ini -rw-r----- 1 root keystone 1046 Sep 22 20:06 logging.conf -rw-r----- 1 keystone keystone 9699 Sep 22 20:06 policy.json -rw-r----- 1 keystone keystone 665 Sep 22 20:06 sso_callback_template.html [root@linux-node1 keystone]#
tree方式查看一下
[root@linux-node1 keystone]# tree . ├── default_catalog.templates ├── fernet-keys │ ├── 0 │ └── 1 ├── keystone.conf ├── keystone-paste.ini ├── logging.conf ├── policy.json └── sso_callback_template.html 1 directory, 8 files [root@linux-node1 keystone]#
5、memcache启动并更改配置
[root@linux-node1 ~]# systemctl start memcached.service [root@linux-node1 ~]# systemctl enable memcached Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/memcached.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/memcached.service. [root@linux-node1 keystone]# netstat -antp | grep 11211 tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:11211 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 12264/memcached tcp6 0 0 ::1:11211 :::* LISTEN 12264/memcached [root@linux-node1 keystone]# ps aux | grep memcached memcach+ 12264 0.0 0.0 333840 1212 ? Ssl 20:43 0:00 /usr/bin/memcached -p 11211 -u memcached -m 64 -c 1024 -l 127.0.0.1,::1 root 12345 0.0 0.0 112644 964 pts/0 S+ 20:45 0:00 grep --colour=auto memcached [root@linux-node1 keystone]#
找它的配置文件
[root@linux-node1 keystone]# rpm -ql memcached /etc/sysconfig/memcached /usr/bin/memcached /usr/bin/memcached-tool /usr/lib/systemd/system/memcached.service /usr/share/doc/memcached-1.4.33 /usr/share/doc/memcached-1.4.33/AUTHORS /usr/share/doc/memcached-1.4.33/CONTRIBUTORS /usr/share/doc/memcached-1.4.33/COPYING /usr/share/doc/memcached-1.4.33/ChangeLog /usr/share/doc/memcached-1.4.33/NEWS /usr/share/doc/memcached-1.4.33/README.md /usr/share/doc/memcached-1.4.33/new_lru.txt /usr/share/doc/memcached-1.4.33/protocol.txt /usr/share/doc/memcached-1.4.33/readme.txt /usr/share/doc/memcached-1.4.33/threads.txt /usr/share/man/man1/memcached-tool.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/memcached.1.gz [root@linux-node1 keystone]#
下面是它默认配置，你可以更改
[root@linux-node1 keystone]# cat /etc/sysconfig/memcached PORT="11211" USER="memcached" MAXCONN="1024" CACHESIZE="64" OPTIONS="-l 127.0.0.1,::1" [root@linux-node1 keystone]#
memcached没监听在ipv4上，导致无法通过192.168.56.11这个地址连接，需要修改，否则后面通过密码认证会报500错误
[root@linux-node1 keystone]# telnet 192.168.56.11 11211 Trying 192.168.56.11... telnet: connect to address 192.168.56.11: Connection refused
更改memcached监听地址，改为全部网络接口上
[root@linux-node1 ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/memcached PORT="11211" USER="memcached" MAXCONN="1024" CACHESIZE="64" OPTIONS="-l 0.0.0.0" [root@linux-node1 ~]#
重启memcached服务，这样11211就监听再了ipv4端口上了
[root@linux-node1 ~]# netstat -antp Active Internet connections (servers and established) Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:25672 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 4916/beam.smp tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:5000 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1181/httpd tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:3306 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1615/mysqld tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:11211 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 2006/memcached tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:80 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1181/httpd tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:4369 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1/systemd tcp 0 0 192.168.122.1:53 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1745/dnsmasq tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1160/sshd tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:15672 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 4916/beam.smp tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:35357 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1181/httpd tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:4369 127.0.0.1:33788 ESTABLISHED 1653/epmd tcp 0 52 192.168.56.11:22 192.168.56.1:50037 ESTABLISHED 1910/sshd: root@pts tcp 0 0 192.168.56.11:4369 192.168.56.11:60206 TIME_WAIT - tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:54935 127.0.0.1:4369 TIME_WAIT - tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:33788 127.0.0.1:4369 ESTABLISHED 4916/beam.smp tcp 0 0 192.168.56.11:4369 192.168.56.11:47835 TIME_WAIT - tcp 0 0 192.168.56.11:4369 192.168.56.11:33010 TIME_WAIT - tcp 0 57 192.168.56.11:15672 192.168.56.1:51799 ESTABLISHED 4916/beam.smp tcp6 0 0 :::5672 :::* LISTEN 4916/beam.smp tcp6 0 0 :::22 :::* LISTEN 1160/sshd [root@linux-node1 ~]#
可以通过IPv4地址访问了
[root@linux-node1 keystone]# telnet 127.0.0.1 11211 Trying 127.0.0.1... Connected to 127.0.0.1. Escape character is '^]'. ^] telnet> quit Connection closed. [root@linux-node1 keystone]#
为了防止后期一些服务监听再IPv6上的干扰，可以禁用掉系统默认的IPv6
[root@linux-node1 ~]# vim /etc/sysctl.conf [root@linux-node1 ~]# cat /etc/sysctl.conf # sysctl settings are defined through files in # /usr/lib/sysctl.d/, /run/sysctl.d/, and /etc/sysctl.d/. # # Vendors settings live in /usr/lib/sysctl.d/. # To override a whole file, create a new file with the same in # /etc/sysctl.d/ and put new settings there. To override # only specific settings, add a file with a lexically later # name in /etc/sysctl.d/ and put new settings there. # # For more information, see sysctl.conf(5) and sysctl.d(5). net.ipv6.conf.all.disable_ipv6 = 1 net.ipv6.conf.default.disable_ipv6 = 1 [root@linux-node1 ~]# sysctl -p net.ipv6.conf.all.disable_ipv6 = 1 net.ipv6.conf.default.disable_ipv6 = 1 [root@linux-node1 ~]#
6、配置apache
早期keystone自己单独可以启动，但是性能不好。后面就使用apache运行keystone服务了
使用apache代理keystone,这里面有2个虚拟主机的配置
5000 正常的api来访问 35357 admin用户管理访问的端口
创建下面文件并配置如下
[root@linux-node1 keystone]# touch /etc/httpd/conf.d/wsgi-keystone.conf
[root@linux-node1 keystone]# vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/wsgi-keystone.conf
[root@linux-node1 keystone]# cat /etc/httpd/conf.d/wsgi-keystone.conf
Listen 5000
Listen 35357
<VirtualHost *:5000>
WSGIDaemonProcess keystone-public processes=5 threads=1 user=keystone group=keystone display-name=%{GROUP}
WSGIProcessGroup keystone-public
WSGIScriptAlias / /usr/bin/keystone-wsgi-public
WSGIApplicationGroup %{GLOBAL}
WSGIPassAuthorization On
ErrorLogFormat "%{cu}t %M"
ErrorLog /var/log/httpd/keystone-error.log
CustomLog /var/log/httpd/keystone-access.log combined
<Directory /usr/bin>
Require all granted
</Directory>
</VirtualHost>
<VirtualHost *:35357>
WSGIDaemonProcess keystone-admin processes=5 threads=1 user=keystone group=keystone display-name=%{GROUP}
WSGIProcessGroup keystone-admin
WSGIScriptAlias / /usr/bin/keystone-wsgi-admin
WSGIApplicationGroup %{GLOBAL}
WSGIPassAuthorization On
ErrorLogFormat "%{cu}t %M"
ErrorLog /var/log/httpd/keystone-error.log
CustomLog /var/log/httpd/keystone-access.log combined
<Directory /usr/bin>
Require all granted
</Directory>
</VirtualHost>
[root@linux-node1 keystone]#
修改主配置文件，95行改成如下内容
必须要配置httpd的ServerName,不配置的话apache能启动，但是keystone服务不能起来
[root@linux-node1 keystone]# vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf [root@linux-node1 keystone]# grep -n "^ServerName" /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf 95:ServerName 192.168.56.11:80 [root@linux-node1 keystone]#
7、启动启动keystone服务
启动apache服务就相当于启动了keystone[root@linux-node1 keystone]# systemctl enable httpd.service Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/httpd.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service. [root@linux-node1 keystone]# systemctl start httpd.service [root@linux-node1 keystone]#
查看监听情况，5000和35357端口已经起来了
[root@linux-node1 keystone]# netstat -lntp Active Internet connections (only servers) Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:25672 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 3455/beam.smp tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:3306 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1965/mysqld tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:11211 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 12264/memcached tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:111 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1/systemd tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:4369 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1/systemd tcp 0 0 192.168.122.1:53 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1337/dnsmasq tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1153/sshd tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:15672 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 3455/beam.smp tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:25 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1277/master tcp6 0 0 :::5000 :::* LISTEN 12556/httpd tcp6 0 0 :::5672 :::* LISTEN 3455/beam.smp tcp6 0 0 ::1:11211 :::* LISTEN 12264/memcached tcp6 0 0 :::111 :::* LISTEN 1/systemd tcp6 0 0 :::80 :::* LISTEN 12556/httpd tcp6 0 0 :::22 :::* LISTEN 1153/sshd tcp6 0 0 ::1:25 :::* LISTEN 1277/master tcp6 0 0 :::35357 :::* LISTEN 12556/httpd [root@linux-node1 keystone]#
查看日志，没报错即可
[root@linux-node1 ~]# tail -f /var/log/keystone/keystone.log 2017-02-17 17:22:11.743 7983 INFO migrate.versioning.api [-] done 2017-02-17 17:22:11.743 7983 INFO migrate.versioning.api [-] 96 -> 97... 2017-02-17 17:22:11.754 7983 INFO migrate.versioning.api [-] done 2017-02-17 17:28:10.672 8128 INFO keystone.token.providers.fernet.utils [-] [fernet_tokens] key_repository does not appear to exist; attempting to create it 2017-02-17 17:28:10.673 8128 INFO keystone.token.providers.fernet.utils [-] Created a new key: /etc/keystone/fernet-keys/0 2017-02-17 17:28:10.674 8128 INFO keystone.token.providers.fernet.utils [-] Starting key rotation with 1 key files: ['/etc/keystone/fernet-keys/0'] 2017-02-17 17:28:10.675 8128 INFO keystone.token.providers.fernet.utils [-] Current primary key is: 0 2017-02-17 17:28:10.675 8128 INFO keystone.token.providers.fernet.utils [-] Next primary key will be: 1 2017-02-17 17:28:10.675 8128 INFO keystone.token.providers.fernet.utils [-] Promoted key 0 to be the primary: 1 2017-02-17 17:28:10.676 8128 INFO keystone.token.providers.fernet.utils [-] Created a new key: /etc/keystone/fernet-keys/0
启动如果有问题可以打开debug
[root@linux-node1 ~]# vim /etc/keystone/keystone.conf [root@linux-node1 ~]# grep -n "#debug" /etc/keystone/keystone.conf 118:#debug = false 403:#debug_cache_backend = false 1008:#debug_level = <None> [root@linux-node1 ~]#
在keystone创建域、项目、用户和角色
先查看之前配置文件里配置的admin_token
[root@linux-node1 ~]# grep -n "^admin_token" /etc/keystone/keystone.conf 13:admin_token = d6f70f7738e69f57a839 [root@linux-node1 ~]#
1、添加环境变量
你在当前窗口设置了环境变量，也一定要在当前窗口操作
5000端口是给消费者调用的，35357是给管理者用的，管理链接
v3是v3版本，这里写这个非常有出处，以后升级便于找出问题，对于一些版本依赖的服务很友好
前面连接v3版本的资源。如果你升级，新建个目录v4，这样既保存了v3版本的东西，就有新的v4
便于找出问题，也是架构设计的优点
[root@linux-node1 ~]# export OS_TOKEN=d6f70f7738e69f57a839 [root@linux-node1 ~]# export OS_URL=http://192.168.56.11:35357/v3 [root@linux-node1 ~]# export OS_IDENTITY_API_VERSION=3 [root@linux-node1 ~]#
2.、创建域default
[root@linux-node1 ~]# openstack domain create --description "Default Domain" default +-------------+----------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +-------------+----------------------------------+ | description | Default Domain | | enabled | True | | id | 1b7cf039119d4f8a8e82baaa6f4c2469 | | name | default | +-------------+----------------------------------+ [root@linux-node1 ~]#
3、创建 admin 项目
这个admin的项目可以管理所有的云主机
[root@linux-node1 ~]# openstack project create --domain default --description "Admin Project" admin +-------------+----------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +-------------+----------------------------------+ | description | Admin Project | | domain_id | 1b7cf039119d4f8a8e82baaa6f4c2469 | | enabled | True | | id | e88437b3330145e1a713469130b4c3cd | | is_domain | False | | name | admin | | parent_id | 1b7cf039119d4f8a8e82baaa6f4c2469 | +-------------+----------------------------------+ [root@linux-node1 ~]#
4、创建 admin 用户
生产环境密码一定要设置复杂
[root@linux-node1 ~]# openstack user create --domain default --password-prompt admin User Password: Repeat User Password: +-----------+----------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +-----------+----------------------------------+ | domain_id | 1b7cf039119d4f8a8e82baaa6f4c2469 | | enabled | True | | id | bf3591b757704f8c8166e3294a62efb7 | | name | admin | +-----------+----------------------------------+ [root@linux-node1 ~]#
5、创建 admin 角色
[root@linux-node1 ~]# openstack role create admin +-----------+----------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +-----------+----------------------------------+ | domain_id | None | | id | 62a941ebad834b398e9eef009c2b6eaa | | name | admin | +-----------+----------------------------------+ [root@linux-node1 ~]#
6、添加admin角色到 admin 项目和用户上
[root@linux-node1 ~]# openstack role add --project admin --user admin admin [root@linux-node1 ~]#
上面我们创建的角色都是openstack有的，提前定义好的，不是我们随便创建的，在这里可以看到
[root@linux-node1 ~]# cd /etc/keystone/
[root@linux-node1 keystone]# ls
default_catalog.templates keystone.conf logging.conf sso_callback_template.html
fernet-keys keystone-paste.ini policy.json
[root@linux-node1 keystone]# cat policy.json
{
"admin_required": "role:admin or is_admin:1",
"service_role": "role:service",
"service_or_admin": "rule:admin_required or rule:service_role",
"owner" : "user_id:%(user_id)s",
"admin_or_owner": "rule:admin_required or rule:owner",
继续创建一个普通用户，后面使用普通用户进行虚拟机的创建
一般情况下我们应该使用无特权的项目和用户。
作为例子，本指南创建 demo 项目和用户。
7、创建demo 项目
[root@linux-node1 keystone]# openstack project create --domain default --description "Demo Project" demo +-------------+----------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +-------------+----------------------------------+ | description | Demo Project | | domain_id | 1b7cf039119d4f8a8e82baaa6f4c2469 | | enabled | True | | id | ef1575c568a4416c81f4855ae5cfd8eb | | is_domain | False | | name | demo | | parent_id | 1b7cf039119d4f8a8e82baaa6f4c2469 | +-------------+----------------------------------+ [root@linux-node1 keystone]#
8、创建demo 用户
[root@linux-node1 keystone]# openstack user create --domain default --password-prompt demo User Password: Repeat User Password: +-----------+----------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +-----------+----------------------------------+ | domain_id | 1b7cf039119d4f8a8e82baaa6f4c2469 | | enabled | True | | id | 7a01e2bd239844f183abbb4b0b960647 | | name | demo | +-----------+----------------------------------+ [root@linux-node1 keystone]#
9、创建 user 角色
[root@linux-node1 keystone]# openstack role create user +-----------+----------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +-----------+----------------------------------+ | domain_id | None | | id | 5fdf92e7547b4f9aa346f88942ce36b0 | | name | user | +-----------+----------------------------------+ [root@linux-node1 keystone]#
10、添加 user角色到 demo 项目和用户
[root@linux-node1 keystone]# openstack role add --project demo --user demo user [root@linux-node1 keystone]#
keystone服务创建服务目录相关
keystone除了服务认证的作用，还有服务目录的作用
keystone本身也要在上面注册
1、创建service项目，里面可以包含服务
[root@linux-node1 keystone]# openstack project create --domain default --description "Service Project" service +-------------+----------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +-------------+----------------------------------+ | description | Service Project | | domain_id | 1b7cf039119d4f8a8e82baaa6f4c2469 | | enabled | True | | id | fc29ee0a1c7145de99885bb4a3bef9c1 | | is_domain | False | | name | service | | parent_id | 1b7cf039119d4f8a8e82baaa6f4c2469 | +-------------+----------------------------------+ [root@linux-node1 keystone]#
提前为每个服务创建用户，密码都是和本服务用户名一致
2、创建glance用户
[root@linux-node1 ~]# openstack user create --domain default --password-prompt glance User Password: Repeat User Password: +-----------+----------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +-----------+----------------------------------+ | domain_id | 1b7cf039119d4f8a8e82baaa6f4c2469 | | enabled | True | | id | fc2b7770e8394568922b0ef18672b45c | | name | glance | +-----------+----------------------------------+ [root@linux-node1 ~]#
3、把glance用户加入到service项目，同时给它admin角色
root@linux-node1 ~]# openstack role add --project service --user glance admin [root@linux-node1 ~]#
nova服务
4、创建nova用户，并加入service项目，同时给它admin角色
[root@linux-node1 ~]# openstack user create --domain default --password-prompt nova User Password: Repeat User Password: +-----------+----------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +-----------+----------------------------------+ | domain_id | 1b7cf039119d4f8a8e82baaa6f4c2469 | | enabled | True | | id | b14137c43aa9474d86331593db43fe1f | | name | nova | +-----------+----------------------------------+ [root@linux-node1 ~]# openstack role add --project service --user nova admin [root@linux-node1 ~]#
5、创建neutron用户，并接入Service项目，同时给它admin角色
[root@linux-node1 ~]# openstack user create --domain default --password-prompt neutron User Password: Repeat User Password: +-----------+----------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +-----------+----------------------------------+ | domain_id | 1b7cf039119d4f8a8e82baaa6f4c2469 | | enabled | True | | id | ff1bea210abb4d89b27ab96fd6d6b2d9 | | name | neutron | +-----------+----------------------------------+ [root@linux-node1 ~]# openstack role add --project service --user neutron admin [root@linux-node1 ~]#
创建服务实体和API端点
在你的Openstack环境中，认证服务管理服务目录。服务使用这个目录来决定您的环境中可用的服务。
创建服务实体和身份认证服务：
6、创建keystone服务，类型是identify
[root@linux-node1 ~]# openstack service create --name keystone --description "OpenStack Identity" identity +-------------+----------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +-------------+----------------------------------+ | description | OpenStack Identity | | enabled | True | | id | 4c0cdee367d14a66aa3921fe68e4b63e | | name | keystone | | type | identity | +-------------+----------------------------------+ [root@linux-node1 ~]#
7、创建认证服务的 API 端点，公共的，内部的，管理的
只有这个keystone比较特殊，其它的服务端口都是一样的
public url可以被全局访问
[root@linux-node1 ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne identity public http://192.168.56.11:5000/v3 +--------------+----------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +--------------+----------------------------------+ | enabled | True | | id | 1d91a71ed4254789ad3c6fed96ec6375 | | interface | public | | region | RegionOne | | region_id | RegionOne | | service_id | 4c0cdee367d14a66aa3921fe68e4b63e | | service_name | keystone | | service_type | identity | | url | http://192.168.56.11:5000/v3 | +--------------+----------------------------------+ [root@linux-node1 ~]#
private url只能被局域网访问
[root@linux-node1 ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne identity internal http://192.168.56.11:5000/v3 +--------------+----------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +--------------+----------------------------------+ | enabled | True | | id | 525ca6f2b5bc426d82410f551d3568ff | | interface | internal | | region | RegionOne | | region_id | RegionOne | | service_id | 4c0cdee367d14a66aa3921fe68e4b63e | | service_name | keystone | | service_type | identity | | url | http://192.168.56.11:5000/v3 | +--------------+----------------------------------+ [root@linux-node1 ~]#
管理员使用的
[root@linux-node1 ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne identity admin http://192.168.56.11:35357/v3 +--------------+----------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +--------------+----------------------------------+ | enabled | True | | id | 7b561693fd7947a0b6c05e6f8f42d964 | | interface | admin | | region | RegionOne | | region_id | RegionOne | | service_id | 4c0cdee367d14a66aa3921fe68e4b63e | | service_name | keystone | | service_type | identity | | url | http://192.168.56.11:35357/v3 | +--------------+----------------------------------+ [root@linux-node1 ~]#
关于创建的对象的增删改查操作。 后面跟id，创建错了可以通过id删除
[root@linux-node1 ~]# openstack user --help Command "user" matches: user create user delete user list user password set user set user show [root@linux-node1 ~]# openstack endpoint --help Command "endpoint" matches: endpoint create endpoint delete endpoint list endpoint set endpoint show [root@linux-node1 ~]#
8、 检查上面创建结果
[root@linux-node1 ~]# openstack service list +----------------------------------+----------+----------+ | ID | Name | Type | +----------------------------------+----------+----------+ | 4c0cdee367d14a66aa3921fe68e4b63e | keystone | identity | +----------------------------------+----------+----------+ [root@linux-node1 ~]# openstack endpoint list +--------------------+-----------+--------------+--------------+---------+-----------+--------------------+ | ID | Region | Service Name | Service Type | Enabled | Interface | URL | +--------------------+-----------+--------------+--------------+---------+-----------+--------------------+ | 1d91a71ed4254789ad | RegionOne | keystone | identity | True | public | http://192.168.56. | | 3c6fed96ec6375 | | | | | | 11:5000/v3 | | 525ca6f2b5bc426d82 | RegionOne | keystone | identity | True | internal | http://192.168.56. | | 410f551d3568ff | | | | | | 11:5000/v3 | | 7b561693fd7947a0b6 | RegionOne | keystone | identity | True | admin | http://192.168.56. | | c05e6f8f42d964 | | | | | | 11:35357/v3 | +--------------------+-----------+--------------+--------------+---------+-----------+--------------------+ [root@linux-node1 ~]#
其实上面创建操作都是写数据库，查询操作也是查询数据库
[root@linux-node1 ~]# mysql -ukeystone -pkeystone
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 8
Server version: 5.5.52-MariaDB MariaDB Server
Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
MariaDB [(none)]> select * from keystone.endpoint;
+----------------------------------+--------------------+-----------+----------------------------------+-------------------------------+-------+---------+-----------+
| id | legacy_endpoint_id | interface | service_id | url | extra | enabled | region_id |
+----------------------------------+--------------------+-----------+----------------------------------+-------------------------------+-------+---------+-----------+
| 1d91a71ed4254789ad3c6fed96ec6375 | NULL | public | 4c0cdee367d14a66aa3921fe68e4b63e | http://192.168.56.11:5000/v3 | {} | 1 | RegionOne |
| 525ca6f2b5bc426d82410f551d3568ff | NULL | internal | 4c0cdee367d14a66aa3921fe68e4b63e | http://192.168.56.11:5000/v3 | {} | 1 | RegionOne |
| 7b561693fd7947a0b6c05e6f8f42d964 | NULL | admin | 4c0cdee367d14a66aa3921fe68e4b63e | http://192.168.56.11:35357/v3 | {} | 1 | RegionOne |
+----------------------------------+--------------------+-----------+----------------------------------+-------------------------------+-------+---------+-----------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]>
全部都在数据库里存着的
MariaDB [(none)]> select * from keystone.user;
+----------------------------------+-------+---------+--------------------+
| id | extra | enabled | default_project_id |
+----------------------------------+-------+---------+--------------------+
| 7a01e2bd239844f183abbb4b0b960647 | {} | 1 | NULL |
| b14137c43aa9474d86331593db43fe1f | {} | 1 | NULL |
| bf3591b757704f8c8166e3294a62efb7 | {} | 1 | NULL |
| fc2b7770e8394568922b0ef18672b45c | {} | 1 | NULL |
| ff1bea210abb4d89b27ab96fd6d6b2d9 | {} | 1 | NULL |
+----------------------------------+-------+---------+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> select * from keystone.service;
+----------------------------------+----------+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------+
| id | type | enabled | extra |
+----------------------------------+----------+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------+
| 4c0cdee367d14a66aa3921fe68e4b63e | identity | 1 | {"description": "OpenStack Identity", "name": "keystone"} |
+----------------------------------+----------+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]>
9、使用用户连接keystone验证
不使用admin_token，需要取消环境变量里的设置
下面成功获取token信息，表示通过admin用户连接成功
[root@linux-node1 ~]# unset OS_TOKEN [root@linux-node1 ~]# unset OS_URL [root@linux-node1 ~]# openstack --os-auth-url http://192.168.56.11:35357/v3 \ > --os-project-domain-name default --os-user-domain-name default \ > --os-project-name admin --os-username admin token issue Password: +------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | expires | 2017-02-17T15:30:40.804805Z | | id | gAAAAABYpwkRR5dn3jc8jhGy24mhmkYnQD6pgQoi9pTkP-mSOdbB3G5CELvuoSE4p_8wvAl4-TZunia45moMdCP0iB | | | RfWDOoov7ong5KtXa4OdWupiajXm3n49tZvqVFJ760R7LbGZ1I1oGST8cUHsoeVlqze9iIDoTCt9dw6D0-lix- | | | 5wMHwc0 | | project_id | e88437b3330145e1a713469130b4c3cd | | user_id | bf3591b757704f8c8166e3294a62efb7 | +------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ [root@linux-node1 ~]#
测试demo 用户，请求认证令牌，也成功
[root@linux-node1 ~]# openstack --os-auth-url http://192.168.56.11:5000/v3 \ > --os-project-domain-name default --os-user-domain-name default \ > --os-project-name demo --os-username demo token issue Password: +------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | expires | 2017-02-17T15:34:15.267032Z | | id | gAAAAABYpwnnB8SFrZCQMa_d_4vHcKMQoAmt34F1rnIAz4fMsIG1Hr1c1wbGE3TAKBbQW4T-YHZt61P5EKAoopPJK- | | | bhXZZHZO6huiVIPvytzN3rd0N-zSf-xdKDWZ0SiGAciDCbyjfzm0i4DFhEnkA9buxAaFL8eTpWvPoknCBg- | | | klLB35Pw1A | | project_id | ef1575c568a4416c81f4855ae5cfd8eb | | user_id | 7a01e2bd239844f183abbb4b0b960647 | +------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ [root@linux-node1 ~]#
10、创建 OpenStack 客户端环境脚本
设置2个环境变量脚本，以后想用的话，source一下就行了，再次获取下token，就不用像以前输入这么长了
[root@linux-node1 ~]# cat admin-openstack.sh export OS_PROJECT_DOMAIN_NAME=default export OS_USER_DOMAIN_NAME=default export OS_PROJECT_NAME=admin export OS_USERNAME=admin export OS_PASSWORD=admin export OS_AUTH_URL=http://192.168.56.11:35357/v3 export OS_IDENTITY_API_VERSION=3 export OS_IMAGE_API_VERSION=2 [root@linux-node1 ~]# cat demo-openstack.sh export OS_PROJECT_DOMAIN_NAME=default export OS_USER_DOMAIN_NAME=default export OS_PROJECT_NAME=demo export OS_USERNAME=demo export OS_PASSWORD=demo export OS_AUTH_URL=http://192.168.56.11:5000/v3 export OS_IDENTITY_API_VERSION=3 export OS_IMAGE_API_VERSION=2
通过脚本加载环境变量，获取token
[root@linux-node1 ~]# source admin-openstack.sh [root@linux-node1 ~]# openstack token issue +------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | expires | 2017-02-17T15:47:48.365307Z | | id | gAAAAABYpw0Ua2MqIA4X7zouPtRHzKmd9TSKG5tcX76c1rv40CDYJX1nZZUjDvMl0884721zaFlFOARPm2jDGkrqir | | | b5X6qNnVCQGUSiasm853HZge2m1ZBGw6GOMbFiG0SAABIUvl7E3Or8kzHWnLBJ8Ls6AfP350tlR8zH7kUVwV8-2CKp | | | NQY | | project_id | e88437b3330145e1a713469130b4c3cd | | user_id | bf3591b757704f8c8166e3294a62efb7 | +------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ [root@linux-node1 ~]#
以后每次执行openstack相关命令都要执行source一次环境变量！！！
