servlet 3.0笔记之servlet的动态注册

servlet3.0相对于servlet2.5最大变化是增加了注解annotation,但是说实话,对servlet 3动态加载servlet的机制有些失望,本来期望着可以在运行时完成对servlet的注册和销毁,但现状是,只能在webapp启动在初始化时进行完成注册,可能是为了安全考虑吧.
在Servlet3.0中可以动态注册Servlet,Filter,Listener,在ServletContext对应注册API为:

/**
   * 添加Servlet
   */
  public ServletRegistration.Dynamic addServlet(String servletName,
      String className);

  public ServletRegistration.Dynamic addServlet(String servletName,
      Servlet servlet);

  public ServletRegistration.Dynamic addServlet(String servletName,
      Class<? extends Servlet> servletClass);

  /**
   * 添加Filter
   */
  public FilterRegistration.Dynamic addFilter(String filterName,
      String className);

  public FilterRegistration.Dynamic addFilter(String filterName, Filter filter);

  public FilterRegistration.Dynamic addFilter(String filterName,
      Class<? extends Filter> filterClass);

  /**
   * 添加Listener
   */
  public void addListener(String className);

  public <T extends EventListener> void addListener(T t);

  public void addListener(Class<? extends EventListener> listenerClass);

每个组件注册都提供三个方法,很细心。
下面谈谈动态注册Servlet,但不要希望太高,只能在初始化时进行注册。在运行时为了安全原因,无法完成注册。在初始化情况下的注册Servlet组件有两种方法:
1.实现ServletContextListener接口,在contextInitialized方法中完成注册.
2.在jar文件中放入实现ServletContainerInitializer接口的初始化器
先说在ServletContextListener监听器中完成注册。

public void contextInitialized(ServletContextEvent sce) {

        ServletContext sc = sce.getServletContext();

        // Register Servlet
        ServletRegistration sr = sc.addServlet("DynamicServlet",
            "web.servlet.dynamicregistration_war.TestServlet");
        sr.setInitParameter("servletInitName", "servletInitValue");
        sr.addMapping("/*");

        // Register Filter
        FilterRegistration fr = sc.addFilter("DynamicFilter",
            "web.servlet.dynamicregistration_war.TestFilter");
        fr.setInitParameter("filterInitName", "filterInitValue");
        fr.addMappingForServletNames(EnumSet.of(DispatcherType.REQUEST),
                                     true, "DynamicServlet");

        // Register ServletRequestListener
        sc.addListener("web.servlet.dynamicregistration_war.TestServletRequestListener");
    }

很简单,难度不大。
再说说在jar文件中的servlet组件注册,需要在jar包含META-INF/services/javax.servlet.ServletContainerInitializer文件,文件内容为已经实现ServletContainerInitializer接口的类:

com.learn.servlet3.jardync.CustomServletContainerInitializer

 

该实现部分代码:

@HandlesTypes({ JarWelcomeServlet.class })
public class CustomServletContainerInitializer implements
    ServletContainerInitializer {
  private static final Log log = LogFactory
      .getLog(CustomServletContainerInitializer.class);

  private static final String JAR_HELLO_URL = "/jarhello";

  public void onStartup(Set<Class<?>> c, ServletContext servletContext)
      throws ServletException {
    log.info("CustomServletContainerInitializer is loaded here...");
   
    log.info("now ready to add servlet : " + JarWelcomeServlet.class.getName());
   
    ServletRegistration.Dynamic servlet = servletContext.addServlet(
        JarWelcomeServlet.class.getSimpleName(),
        JarWelcomeServlet.class);
    servlet.addMapping(JAR_HELLO_URL);

    log.info("now ready to add filter : " + JarWelcomeFilter.class.getName());
    FilterRegistration.Dynamic filter = servletContext.addFilter(
        JarWelcomeFilter.class.getSimpleName(), JarWelcomeFilter.class);

    EnumSet<DispatcherType> dispatcherTypes = EnumSet
        .allOf(DispatcherType.class);
    dispatcherTypes.add(DispatcherType.REQUEST);
    dispatcherTypes.add(DispatcherType.FORWARD);

    filter.addMappingForUrlPatterns(dispatcherTypes, true, JAR_HELLO_URL);

    log.info("now ready to add listener : " + JarWelcomeListener.class.getName());
    servletContext.addListener(JarWelcomeListener.class);
  }
}

其中@HandlesTypes(实现技术就是bcel,这个是Jakarta的一部分,类似asm。)注解表示CustomServletContainerInitializer可以处理的类,在onStartup(servletcontainerInitializer)方法中,可以通过Set<Class<?>> c 获取得到。
jar文件中不但可以包含需要自定义注册的servlet,也可以包含应用注解的servlet,具体怎么做,视具体环境而定。
把处理某类事物的servlet组件打包成jar文件,有利于部署和传输,功能不要了,直接去除掉jar即可,方便至极!

 

分享链接:http://blogjava.net/yongboy/archive/2010/12/30/346209.html

posted @ 2020-05-10 11:39  ppjj  阅读(659)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报