CentOS7部署Django项目
1. 云服务器
这里使用的是腾讯云
选择系统:CentOS7.3
记住云服务器登录密码
2. 配置Python3环境
默认Python环境为python2.7,yum安装是需要python2的环境的
安装Python3:
yum install zlib-devel bzip2-devel openssl-devel ncurses-devel sqlite-devel readline-devel tk-devel gcc make
这几个包必须得安装,否则安装python3时可能会出现各种错误
运行下面两个命令,进行备份
cd /usr/bin
mv python python.bak
安装Python3.6与解压命令
wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.6.3/Python-3.6.3.tar.xz
tar -xvJf Python-3.6.3.tar.xz
cd Python-3.6.3
编译安装
./configure prefix=/usr/local/python3
make && make install
安装完毕,/usr/local/目录下就会有python3了
3. 实现python3和python2的共存
添加python3的软链接
rm /usr/bin/python
ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/python3 /usr/bin/python
ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/python3 /usr/bin/python3
这时候在执行命令python -v和python2 -V,应该就能看到python3和python2的版本了。
因为执行yum需要python2版本,所以我们还要修改yum的配置,执行:
vi /usr/bin/yum
把#! /usr/bin/python修改为#! /usr/bin/python2
同样地
vi /usr/libexec/urlgrabber-ext-down
cd /usr/bin/
ls yum*
vim yum-config-manager
vim yum-debug-restore
vim yum-group-manager
vim yum-build-dep
vim yum-debug-dump
vim yumdownloader
把#! /usr/bin/python都修改为#! /usr/bin/python2
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4. 安装MySQL5.7
下载MySQL源安装包
wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el7-8.noarch.rpm
安装MySQL源
yum localinstall mysql57-community-release-el7-8.noarch.rpm
yum install mysql-devel
安装MySQL
yum install mysql-community-server
启动MySQL
systemctl start mysqld
查看MySQL的启动状态
systemctl status mysqld
设置开机启动
systemctl enable mysqld
修改 root 本地登录密码
grep ‘temporary password’ /var/log/mysqld.log
上面命令显示root初始密码
这里登入MySQL进行修改密码
mysql -uroot -p
enter password: 粘贴上面显示的初始密码
mysql > set password for ‘root’@‘localhost’=password(’!2Qw32sd’);
配置默认编码为utf8
修改/etc/my.cnf配置文件,在[mysqld]下添加编码配置,如下所示:
[mysqld]
character_set_server=utf8
init_connect=‘SET NAMES utf8’
5. 安装nginx
sudo yum install epel-release
sudo yun install nginx
sudo systemctl start nginx
访问:
http://云服务器的域名或者IP/
官方文档
https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-install-nginx-on-centos-7
6. 安装virtualenvwrapper
yum install python-setuptools python-devel
pip install virtualenvwrapper
编辑.bashrc文件
export WORKON_HOME=$HOME/.virtualenvs
source /usr/local/bin/virtualenvwrapper.sh
重新加载.bashrc文件
source ~/.bashrc
新建虚拟环境
mkvirtualenv mxonline
进入虚拟环境
workon mxonline
我们可以通过 pip freeze > requirements.txt 将本地的虚拟环境安装包相信信息导出来
然后将requirements.txt文件上传到服务器之后运行:
7. 安装依赖包
pip install -r requirements.txt
pip install uwsgi
8. 配置nginx
新建uc_nginx.conf
# the upstream component nginx needs to connect to
upstream django {
# server unix:///path/to/your/mysite/mysite.sock; # for a file socket
server 127.0.0.1:8000; # for a web port socket (we'll use this first)
}
# configuration of the server
server {
# the port your site will be served on
listen 80;
# the domain name it will serve for
server_name 132.232.183.18; # substitute your machine's IP address or FQDN
charset utf-8;
# max upload size
client_max_body_size 75M; # adjust to taste
# Django media
location /media {
alias /home/git/Mx_Online/media; # 指向django的media目录
}
location /static {
alias /home/git/Mx_Online/static; # 指向django的static目录
}
# Finally, send all non-media requests to the Django server.
location / {
uwsgi_pass django;
include uwsgi_params; # the uwsgi_params file you installed
}
}
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将该配置文件加入到nginx的启动配置文件中
sudo ln -s /home/git/Mx_Online/MxOnline/uc_nginx.conf /etc/nginx/conf.d/
拉取所有需要的static file 到同一个目录
在django的setting文件中,添加下面一行内容:
STATIC_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "static/")
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我这里会报错,所以改为
但是这样执行collectstatic后所有的静态文件会重新放入MxOnline/static1这个文件里面
STATIC_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "static1/")
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在django的urls.py中添加:
#静态文件
re_path(r'^static/(?P<path>.*)', serve, {"document_root": STATIC_ROOT}),
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运行命令
python manage.py collectstatic
这里需要注意 一定是直接用nginx命令启动, 不要用systemctl启动nginx不然会有权限问题
运行nginx
sudo /usr/sbin/nginx
9. 运行Django项目
cd 项目名
python3 manage.py runserver 0.0.0.0:8000
访问:
http://ip:8000/