中级美语 L011：Power without Pollution 解析

一、Reading

Pollution is a big problem in almost all the big cities of the world. City people are, therefore, becoming more and more worried about how they can get rid of pollution. They are also concerned about whether the government is doing enough to protect the environment.

However, people in Ireland don't have these worries. They are sure that they have found the answer to the problem. They use windmills. These windmills can create power without creating pollution. This method is so successful that other countries are thinking of doing the same. Why not? What works for Ireland can work for any other country.

二、解析

■ Pollution is a big problem in almost all the big cities of the world.

  • 主：Pollution（抽象名词，不加 the.）
  • 系：is
  • 表：a big problem.（此处 big = serious.）
  • 地状：in almost all the big cities of the world.
    • 介：in
    • 状：almost
    • 定：all the big
    • 宾：cities
    • 后定：of the world.
      • 介：of
      • 宾：the world.

■ City people are, therefore, becoming more and more worried about how they can get rid of pollution.

  • 时态：现在进行时
  • 状：therefore
  • 主：City people
  • 系：are becoming
  • 表：more and more worried（worried 过去分词作形容词）
  • 方面状语：about how they can get rid of pollution.
    • 介：about
    • 宾：how they can get rid of pollution.
      • 引：how
      • 主：they
      • 谓：can get rid of
      • 宾：pollution.

■ They are also concerned about whether the government is doing enough to protect the environment.

  • 主：They
  • 系：are
  • 状：also
  • 表：concerned
  • 方面状语：about whether the government is doing enough to protect the environment.
    • 介：about
    • 宾从：whether the government is doing enough to protect the environment.
      • 时态：正在进行时
      • 引：whether
      • 主：the government
      • 谓：is doing
      • 宾：enough
      • 目状：to protect the environment.
        • 虚词：to
        • 谓：protect
        • 宾：the environment.

■ However, people in Ireland don't have these worries.

  • 状：However,
  • 主：people
  • 定：in Ireland
  • 谓：don't have
  • 宾：these worries.

■ They use windmills.

  • 主：They
  • 谓：use
  • 宾：windmills.

■ These windmills can create power without creating pollution.

  • 主：These windmills
  • 谓：can create
  • 宾：power
  • 伴状：without creating pollution.
    • 介：without
    • 宾：creating pollution.

■ They are sure that they have found the answer to the problem.

  • 主：They
  • 系：are
  • 表：sure
  • 表补：that they have found the answer to the problem.
    • 引：that
    • 主：they
    • 谓：have found
    • 宾：the answer
    • 目状：to the problem.
      • 介：to
      • 宾：the problem.

■ his method is so successful that other countries are thinking of doing the same.

  • 主：his method
  • 系：is
  • 状：so
  • 表：successful
  • 结果状从：that other countries are thinking of doing the same.
    • 时态：现在进行时
    • 引：that
    • 主：other countries
    • 谓：are thinking of
    • 宾：doing the same.

the same.：作代词指 the same thing.

■ What works for Ireland can work for any other country.

  • 主：What works for Ireland
    • 主：What（= The thing which）
    • 谓：works
    • 地状：for Ireland
      • 介：for
      • 宾：Ireland
  • 谓：can work
  • 地状：for any other country.
    • 介：for
    • 定：any other
    • 宾：country.

三、语法

  1. 副词 almost 的用法。
  2. 名词从句作介词宾语的用法。
  3. 名词 answer 与介词 to 并用。
  4. “so...that...（如此...以至于...）”的用法。

以上语法详见教材讲解。