中级美语 L009：Be Thoughtful 解析

一、Reading

Being thoughtful simply means thinking of others before yourself. What you say or do will have an effect on others. So it is important that you think before you say or do anything. In this way, you can avoid hurting others' feelings. Moreover, a thoughtless act or remark can spoil a perfect relationship.

Remember these rules. If you don't have anything nice to say, don't say anything. Likewise, if you think what you do will hurt others, don't do it. After all, what goes around comes around.

二、解析

■ Being thoughtful simply means thinking of others before yourself.

  • 主：Being thoughtful（动名词短语）
  • 状：simply（等同 just、only，强调作用）
  • 谓：means
  • 宾：thinking of others
  • 时状：before yourself.

■ What you say or do will have an effect on others.

  • 时态：一般将来时
  • 主：What you say or do
    • 引、宾：What
    • 主：you
    • 谓：say or do
  • 谓：will have
  • 宾：an effect
  • 目状：on others.

■ So it is important that you think before you say or do anything.

  • 状：So
  • 形主：it
  • 系：is
  • 表：important
  • 主：that you think before you say or do anything.
    • 引：that
    • 主：you
    • 谓：（should）think
    • 时状从：before you say or do anything.
      • 引：before
      • 主：you
      • 谓：say or do
      • 宾：anything.

■ In this way, you can avoid hurting others' feelings.

  • 状：In this way,
  • 主：you
  • 谓：can avoid
  • 宾：hurting others' feelings.

feelings：n.感情，不加 s 表“感觉”。
avoid：vt.避免。须用动名词或名词作宾语，不可接不定式作宾语。

■ Moreover, a thoughtless act or remark can spoil a perfect relationship.

  • 状：Moreover,
  • 主：a thoughtless act or remark
  • 谓：can spoil
  • 宾：a perfect relationship.

■ Remember these rules.

  • 祈使句表命令
  • 谓：Remember
  • 宾：these rules.

■ If you don't have anything nice to say, don't say anything.

  • 条件状从：If you don't have anything nice to say
    • 引：If
    • 主：you
    • 谓：don't have
    • 宾：anything nice
    • 目状：to say
  • 句型：祈使句表命令
  • 谓：don't say
  • 宾：anything.

■ Likewise, if you think what you do will hurt others, don't do it.

  • 状：Likewise,
  • 条件状从：if you think what you do will hurt others
    • 引：if
    • 主：you
    • 谓：think
    • 宾：what you do will hurt others
      • 主： what you do
        • 引、宾：what
        • 主：you
        • 谓：do
      • 谓：will hurt
      • 宾：others
  • 句型：祈使句表命令
  • 谓：don't do
  • 宾：it.

Likewise：等于 By the same token，为独立副词（短语），使用时须置于句首，但该句之前须有另一主句，以构成完整语意。

■ After all, what goes around comes around.

  • 状：After all
  • 谚语：what goes around comes around. （种什么因，得什么果。）

三、语法

  1. what 作复合关系代词的用法。
  2. “It is + 表‘有必要的’形容词 + that 从句”的用法。

以上语法详见教材讲解。