初级美语 L091 Computers 解析

一、Reading

Computers are becoming a part of our everyday life. In fact, they are almost everywhere. In many countries, more and more companies are replacing people with computers. Telephone companies are no exception When making a long-distance call on a pay phone in America, you will no longer talk to an operator. Instead, a computer will answer. It will tell you what to do. No wonder people say that computers are taking over the world.

二、解析

■ Computers are becoming a part of our everyday life.

  • 时态：一般现在进行时
  • 主：Computers
  • 系：are becoming
  • 定：a part of
  • 定：our everyday
  • 表：life.

everyday：a.每天的；时常的
（1）使用该单词时其后需接名词。
（2）every day 分开写时作副词，表“每天”，通常置于兔首或句尾使用。

■ In fact, they are almost everywhere.

  • 状：In fact
  • 主：they
  • 系：are
  • 状：almost
  • 表：everywhere.

■ In many countries, more and more companies are replacing people with computers.

  • 时态：一般现在进行时
  • 状：In many countries
  • 定：more and more（作形容词用）
  • 主：companies
  • 谓：are replacing
  • 宾：people
  • 方状：with computers.

replace A with B：用 B 取代 A

■ Telephone companies are no exception.

  • 主：Telephone companies
  • 系：are
  • 定：no
  • 表：exception.

be no exception：不例外

■ When making a long-distance call on a pay phone in America, you will no longer talk to an operator.

= When you make a long-distance call on a pay phone in America, you ...

  • 时状：When making a long-distance call on a pay phone in America
    • 引导词：When
    • 分词短语：making a long-distance call on a pay phone in America
      • 谓：making（现在分词）
      • 宾：a call
      • 方状：on a pay phone
        • 介：on 借助（仪器或器械）
        • 宾：a pay phone
      • 地状：in America
  • 时状：一般将来时
  • 主：you
  • 状：no longer
  • 谓：will talk to
  • 宾：an operator.

■ Instead, a computer will answer.

  • 时态：一般将来时
  • 状：Instead
  • 主：a computer
  • 谓：will answer.

instead：adv.相反地；代替
（1）使用该单词时，通常将其置于句首，其后置逗号，再接主语和动词。
（2）instead 与介词 of 并用时，开成“instead of + 名词/动名词”的介词短语，表“非但不...反而...”之意。
Instead of driving to work, I take the bus.
我不是开车而是乘公共汽车上班的。

■ It will tell you what to do.

  • 时态：一般将来时
  • 主：It
  • 谓：will tell
  • 间宾：you
  • 直宾：what to do.

■ No wonder people say that computers are taking over the world.

  • 状：No wonder
  • 主：people
  • 谓：say
  • 宾从：that computers are taking over the world.
    • 时态：现在进行时
    • 引导词：that
    • 主：computers
    • 谓：are taking over
    • 宾：he world.

No wonder + 主语 + 动词：难怪...
是由“It is no wonder + that 引导的名词性从句”简化而来，实际应用时，则以上列短语为主。

take over：接管...，接收...

三、语法

3.1 wh- + to do 句型

wh- + to do 不定式是 wh- 疑问分句的一种简略形式，等同 于wh- 分句。还是按照形容词的补足语来分析。
I'm not sure of that.（介词短语作形容词补足语）
I'm sure to come.（不定式作形容词补足语）
I'm sure he is wrong.（that 从句作形容词补足语）
I'm not sure (of) what to do.（wh- to do不定式作形容词补足语）
I'm not sure (of) what I should do.（wh-从句作形容词补足语）

3.2 状语从句变成分词短语

详见教材。