初级美语 L075：Michael’s Dream 解析

一、Reading

Michael wanted to be a musician, but his mother wanted him to be a doctor. Michael didn't want to make his mother feel sad, so he decided to obey her. Rather than play music, he studied medicine. Unfortunately, Michael failed to graduate from medical school. However he isn't sad because he is now a famous musician.

二、解析

■ Michael wanted to be a musician, but his mother wanted him to be a doctor.

  • 时态：一般过去时
  • 主：Michael
  • 谓：wanted
  • 宾：to be a musician
    • 虚词：to
    • 谓动：be
    • 宾：a musician.
  • 连：but
  • 时态：一般过去时
  • 主：his mother
  • 谓：wanted
  • 宾：him
  • 宾补：to be a doctor.
    • 虚词：to
    • 谓动：be
    • 宾：a doctor.

■ Michael didn't want to make his mother feel sad, so he decided to obey her.

  • 时态：一般过去时
  • 主：Michael
  • 谓：didn't want
  • 宾：to make his mother feel sad，
    • 虚词：to
    • 谓动：make
    • 宾：his mother
    • 宾补：feel sad（短语），
  • 连：so
  • 主：he
  • 谓：decided
  • 宾：to obey her.
    • 虚词：to
    • 谓动：obey
    • 宾：her.

make + 人(宾) + 动词原形（宾补）： 使/令...从事...
make + 人/物（宾）+ 名词/形容词（宾补）：使/令...变成/成为...

■ Rather than play music, he studied medicine.

  • 时态：一般过去时
  • 并连：Rather than
  • 谓：play
  • 宾：music,
  • 主：he
  • 谓：studied
  • 宾：medicine.

句型：rather than + 动词原型，主语 + 动词... 表示“非但不...反而...”。

Rather than：放在句首为并列连词，表“而非”，用以连接彼此为并列的单词、短语或从句。

■ Unfortunately, Michael failed to graduate from medical school.

  • 时态：一般过去时
  • 状：Unfortunately
  • 主：Michael
  • 谓：failed
  • 宾：to graduate from medical school.
    • 虚词：to
    • 谓动：graduate from
    • 宾：medical school.

graduate：vi.毕业
graduate from：毕业于...

■ However he isn't sad because he is now a famous musician.

  • 状：However
  • 主：he
  • 系：is
  • 状：not
  • 表：sad
  • 原因状从：because he is now a famous musician.
    • 引导词：because
    • 主：he
    • 系：is
    • 时状：now
    • 定：a famous
    • 表：musician.

三、语法

3.1 后接动词不定式作宾语的及物动词

常用的此类表示意愿的动词有：want（想要）、decide（决定）、expect（期望）、 desire（褐望）、plan（计划）、wish（希望）、hope（希望）、try（设法）、attempt（企图）等。

I wish to jog with him tomorrow morning.
（我希望明天早上跟他慢跑去。）
When do you plan to take the trip？
（你计划什么时候去旅行？）

注意
think 表示“想”或“认为”，应使用 that 引导的名词性从句作宾语，不可使用动词不定式作宾语。
I think（that） I'll buy a bike for my son.
（我想我会买一辆自行车给我儿子）

3.2 五个知觉类动词之后须接形容词作主语补足语。

feel（感到）
smel（闻起来）
taste（尝起来）
look（看起来）
sound（听起来）

The food smells really good.
（这食物闻起来真香。)
Though he is sixty, he looks young.
（虽然他已60岁了，但他看起来很年轻。）
The idea sounds good.
（这个主意听起来不错。）

3.3 rather than 用法：

rather than 为并列连词，表示“而非”的意思，用以连接彼此为并列关系的单词、短语或从句等。

  • 连接单词：
    He is lazy rather than diligent.
    他是懒惰，而非勤奋。（形容词）
    Mary is a student rather than a teacher.
    玛丽是学生而非老师。（名词）
  • 连接两个短语：
    He is interested in swimming rather than （in） dancing.
    他对游泳而非舞蹈有兴趣。(介词短语）
  • 连接两个从句
    He failed because he was lazy rather than because he was stupid.
    他失败是因为他懒惰而不是因为他愚鑫。（状语从句）

注意：

  • rather than 亦可连接两个有并列关系的动词
    句型：rather than+动词原形，主语 + 动词…
    非但不……反而...
    Rather than work hard, he plays around all the time
    =Instead of working hard, he plays around all the time
    （他非但不用功，反而一直都在鬼混。）
    本课阅读中的" Rather than play music, he stud ied medicine.即属此用法。

  • rather than 亦可连接两个有井列关系的主语，之后的动词则应按第一个主语作变化。
    He rather than I is wrong.
    （是他错，而非我错。）