初级美语 L029：Poor Dick 解析

一、Reading

There are holes in Dick's shoes. He needs new shoes. Dick doesn't want cheap shoes. He wants expensive shoes, but he doesn't have any money. He needs a job. He is looking for one, but he isn't having any luck. No one wants to give him a job because his shoes have holes in them. Poor Dick!

二、解析

■ There are holes in Dick's shoes.

• 表：There
• 系：are
• 主：holes
• 地状：in Dick's shoes.
  • 介：in
  • 定：Dick's
  • 宾：shoes

There is a hole in Dick's shoe. 一只鞋子上有洞

in：已穿透，用 in
on: 在表面有洞，没有穿透

a pair of shoes：一双鞋
a pair of glasses：一副眼睛

■ He needs new shoes.

• 主：He
• 谓：needs
• 定：new
• 宾：shoes.

I need you to help me. = I need you help.

■ Dick doesn't want cheap shoes.

• 主：Dick
• 谓：doesn't want
• 定：cheap
• 宾：shoes.

■ He wants expensive shoes, but he doesn't have any money.

= He wants expensive shoes, but he has no money.

• 主：He
• 谓：wants
• 定：expensive
• 宾：shoes,
• 并列连词：but
• 主：he
• 谓：doesn't have
• 定：any
• 宾：money.

any：a. 任何的
not any:

■ He needs a job.

• 主：He
• 谓：needs
• 宾：a job.

■ He is looking for one, but he isn't having any luck.

• 时态：现在进行时
• 主：He
• 谓：is looking for
• 表：one，上句 a job 重复了一次，就修饰而言应避免，故用 one 代替。
• 并列连词：but
• 主：he
• 谓：isn't having
• 状：not
• 定：any
• 宾：luck

one 的用法：

• 专用来代替其前提过的单词可数名词。
• one 亦可与形容词连胜。
  I don't like this red pen. Give me a yellow pen.（劣）
  I don't like this red pen. Give me a yellow one.（佳）

■ No one wants to give him a job because his shoes have holes in them.

• 主：No one
• 谓：wants
• 宾：to give him a job (非谓不定式短语)
  • 介：to
  • 动：give
  • 直宾：him
  • 间宾：a job
• 原因状从：because his shoes have holes in them.
• 引导词：because
• 主：his shoes
• 谓：have
• 宾：holes
• 地状：in them.

■ Poor Dick!

感叹句。