[PE结构分析] 10.基址重定位

源代码如下：

typedef struct _IMAGE_BASE_RELOCATION {
    DWORD   VirtualAddress;
    DWORD   SizeOfBlock;
//  WORD    TypeOffset[1];
} IMAGE_BASE_RELOCATION;
typedef IMAGE_BASE_RELOCATION UNALIGNED * PIMAGE_BASE_RELOCATION;

重定位表是一个数组，这个数组的大小记载在 _IMAGE_OPTIONAL_HEADER 的

.DataDirect‌ory[IMAGE_DIRECTORY_E‌NTRY_BASERELOC].Size 成员中

结构图如下，图片中 0 和 000 都表示16进制数，转换到二进制是 0000 和 0000 0000 0000：

每个元素的大小都记载在 SizeOfBlock 中，这个元素是由一个 _IMAGE_BASE_RELOCATION 结构体和一个TypeOffset 数组组成的。TypeOffset 数组的每个元素占2个字节，其中，高4位是偏移类型（type），低12位表示需要重定位的地址（Offset），即，它与 VirtualAddress 相加即是指向 PE 映像中需要修改的那个代码的RVA。

偏移类型的含义如下：

Constant	Value	Description
IMAGE_REL_BASED_ABSOLUTE	0	The base relocation is skipped. This type can be used to pad a block.
IMAGE_REL_BASED_HIGH	1	The base relocation adds the high 16 bits of the difference to the 16bit field at offset. The 16-bit field represents the high value of a 32-bit word.
IMAGE_REL_BASED_LOW	2	The base relocation adds the low 16 bits of the difference to the 16-bit field at offset. The 16-bit field represents the low half of a 32-bit word.
IMAGE_REL_BASED_HIGHLOW	3	The base relocation applies all 32 bits of the difference to the 32-bit field at offset.
IMAGE_REL_BASED_HIGHADJ	4	The base relocation adds the high 16 bits of the difference to the 16-bit field at offset. The 16-bit field represents the high value of a 32-bit word. The low 16 bits of the 32-bit value are stored in the 16-bit word that follows this base relocation. This means that this base relocation occupies two slots.
IMAGE_REL_BASED_MIPS_JMPADDR	5	The relocation interpretation is dependent on the machine type. When the machine type is MIPS, the base relocation applies to a MIPS jump instruction.
IMAGE_REL_BASED_ARM_MOV32	5	This relocation is meaningfull only when the machine type is ARM or Thumb. The base relocation applies the 32-bit address of a symbol across a consecutive MOVW/MOVT instruction pair.
IMAGE_REL_BASED_RISCV_HIGH20	5	This relocation is only meaningful when the machine type is RISC-V. The base relocation applies to the high 20 bits of a 32-bit absolute address.
	6	Reserved, must be zero.
IMAGE_REL_BASED_THUMB_MOV32	7	This relocation is meaningful only when the machine type is Thumb. The base relocation applies the 32-bit address of a symbol to a consecutive MOVW/MOVT instruction pair.
IMAGE_REL_BASED_RISCV_LOW12I	7	This relocation is only meaningful when the machine type is RISC-V. The base relocation applies to the low 12 bits of a 32-bit absolute address formed in RISC-V I-type instruction format.
IMAGE_REL_BASED_RISCV_LOW12S	8	This relocation is only meaningful when the machine type is RISC-V. The base relocation applies to the low 12 bits of a 32-bit absolute address formed in RISC-V S-type instruction format.
IMAGE_REL_BASED_MIPS_JMPADDR16	9	The relocation is only meaningful when the machine type is MIPS. The base relocation applies to a MIPS16 jump instruction.
IMAGE_REL_BASED_DIR64	10	The base relocation applies the difference to the 64-bit field at offset.

其他中文翻译：

常量	值	描述
IMAGE_REL_BASED_ABSOLUTE	0x0	使块按照32位对齐，位置为0。
IMAGE_REL_BASED_HIGH	0x1	高16位必须应用于偏移量所指高字16位。
IMAGE_REL_BASED_LOW	0x2	低16位必须应用于偏移量所指低字16位。
IMAGE_REL_BASED_HIGHLOW	0x3	全部32位应用于所有32位。
IMAGE_REL_BASED_HIGHADJ	0x4	需要32位，高16位位于偏移量，低16位位于下一个偏移量数组元素，组合为一个带符号数，加上32位的一个数，然后加上8000然后把高16位保存在偏移量的16位域内。