Docker:PostgreSQL-11配置数据持久化

卷的原理图:

CENTER_PostgreSQL_Community

主机中的本地目录作为Docker容器内的持久存储卷装载,以便在主机和Docker容器之间共享数据。如果主机希望访问或定期备份在Docker容器内运行的DB服务器写入文件夹的数据或数据库,则此方法非常有用。

创建本地数据卷

#创建本地卷
[root@tar1 ~]# docker volume create pgdata

create : 后面写自定义卷名

 

创建并运行容器

[root@tar1 ~]# docker run -v pgdata:/root/data --name dockerPG11 -e POSTGRES_PASSWORD=Xzzp2008 -p 54322:5432 -d postgres:11.5
acb5bf2a4a26b525b8ef4327efcea31963bde8f8ed78ee57f4bc98d8be391f4c

-v:pgdata 是刚刚创建的本地卷名称

卷(volume)是绕过容器的文件系统,直接将数据写到host主机上,只是volume是被docker管理的,docker下所有的volume都在host机器上的指定目录下/var/lib/docker/volumes

[root@tar1 volumes]# ll /var/lib/docker/volumes
总用量 32
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root    19 8月  23 18:27 14145904c49f663d8345ef789a9c352046a6a6d1ccd49f4d9e2dfd1a141f6707
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root    19 8月  23 21:26 54943648b14cc92532aa20c95e8c7d70404a344eb427750aefd873b1b2003c74
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root    19 8月  23 17:40 59aca22a107ede60abc1795edd9d7a46ff5799850a43f536a91598f74ffa7e01
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root    19 8月  23 17:46 666f867e5062405683033d419458a85944568a007d6e82720149f48d306c4741
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root    19 8月  23 17:26 7b3400e3155b8a3f3950f6a495883532de20270c9811de7ea0ab5e31d944a165
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root    19 8月  23 17:42 8f56e930685166205e4d9fa5730f844aa7b0e0d1dc503e4ec4dd529023a5e17a
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root    19 8月  23 17:43 9cc314ca59489507b54a0f9122d9ce4fc929c99a885dab2bcd8b42df516cfa27
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root    19 8月  23 17:48 c5c58f45d54442366d2dff3d939988601a9b46c57d2a750ebeb3c087d1e27d10
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root    19 8月  23 19:43 d07687b3480ad42bc1d66fc7f609e831d10e917dbc6f95447af69113e8448d56
-rw-------. 1 root root 65536 8月  23 21:26 metadata.db
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root    19 8月  23 19:43 pgdata

 

测试持久化

查看容器

[root@tar1 ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                     NAMES
acb5bf2a4a26        postgres:11.5       "docker-entrypoint..."   9 seconds ago       Up 8 seconds        0.0.0.0:54322->5432/tcp   dockerPG11

进入容器

[root@tar1 ~]# docker exit -it acb5bf2a4a26 bash

登录数据库

#切换postgres用户
[root@acb5bf2a4a26 ~]# su postgres

#登录数据库
[postgres@acb5bf2a4a26 ~]# psql -U postgres -W

postgres=#

创建数据表

postgres=# CREATE TABLE season (id int, name varchar(80));
CREATE TABLE
                 ^
postgres=# INSERT INTO season (id,name) VALUES (1, 'March');
INSERT 0 1
postgres=# SELECT * FROM season;
 id | name  
----+-------
  1 | March
(1 行记录)

postgres=# CREATE TABLE t_test (x numeric);
CREATE TABLE
postgres=# INSERT INTO t_test SELECT random()
postgres-# FROM generate_series(1, 50000000);
INSERT 0 50000000
postgres=# select * from t_test limit 5;
         x          
--------------------
 0.0994161088019609
  0.887578224763274
  0.232774924486876
  0.416146846953779
  0.557969538029283
(5 行记录)

退出容器

#快捷键
Ctrl + P + Q

重启容器

#关闭容器
[root@tar1 ~]# docker stop acb5bf2a4a26 acb5bf2a4a26
#启动容器 [root@tar1
~]# docker start acb5bf2a4a26 acb5bf2a4a26

进入容器查看数据是否存在

postgres=#  SELECT * FROM season;
 id | name  
----+-------
  1 | March
(1 行记录)

持久化成功。

 

docker查看卷列表

#查看卷列表命令
[root@tar1 ~]# docker volume ls
[root@tar1 ~]# docker volume ls
DRIVER              VOLUME NAME
local               14145904c49f663d8345ef789a9c352046a6a6d1ccd49f4d9e2dfd1a141f6707
local               59aca22a107ede60abc1795edd9d7a46ff5799850a43f536a91598f74ffa7e01
local               666f867e5062405683033d419458a85944568a007d6e82720149f48d306c4741
local               7b3400e3155b8a3f3950f6a495883532de20270c9811de7ea0ab5e31d944a165
local               8f56e930685166205e4d9fa5730f844aa7b0e0d1dc503e4ec4dd529023a5e17a
local               9cc314ca59489507b54a0f9122d9ce4fc929c99a885dab2bcd8b42df516cfa27
local               c5c58f45d54442366d2dff3d939988601a9b46c57d2a750ebeb3c087d1e27d10
local               d07687b3480ad42bc1d66fc7f609e831d10e917dbc6f95447af69113e8448d56
local               volnamepg

 

查看指定卷信息

#指定卷信息命令
[root@tar1 ~]# docker volume inspect pgdata
[root@tar1 ~]# docker volume inspect pgdata
[
    {
        "Driver": "local",
        "Labels": null,
        "Mountpoint": "/var/lib/docker/volumes/pgdata/_data",
        "Name": "pgdata",
        "Options": {},
        "Scope": "local"
    }

 

删除卷

#删除卷命令
[root@tar1 ~]# docker volume rm pgdata

 

问题总结

问题1:

WARNING: IPv4 forwarding is disabled. Networking will not work.

解决方法

#宿主机修改配置文件
[root@tar1]# vim /usr/lib/sysctl.d/00-system.conf

添加如下代码:
net.ipv4.ip_forward=1

#重启network服务
[root@tar1]# systemctl restart network

问题2:

卷删除失败

[root@tar1 ~]# docker volume rm cf103a7ead15ff3e25f42e83703f06544cfbf018fe469d577002dff9f692bb6f
Error response from daemon: unable to remove volume: remove cf103a7ead15ff3e25f42e83703f06544cfbf018fe469d577002dff9f692bb6f: volume is in use - [83fd1e1408100846bc19348f6f01f5250a8881831d2383047a72fa9b26672701]

解决方法

卷正在被容器使用,要先删除容器

问题3:

容器ID冲突

[root@tar1 yum.repos.d]# docker run --rm --name dockerPG11 -e POSTGRES_PASSWORD=Xzzp2008 -p 54322:54355 -d postgres:11.5
docker: Error response from daemon: Conflict. The container name "/dockerPG11" is already in use by container "df222cdf3efb532da55c33d63ec98d0d01f10b9927dc7d4f9704633e42669874". You have to remove (or rename) that container to be able to reuse that name.
See 'docker run --help'.

解决方法

#获取容器ID
docker ps –a

#删除容器
docker rm df222cdf3efb

问题4:

docker: Error response from daemon: driver failed programming external connectivity on endpoint dockerPG11

[root@tar1 yum.repos.d]# docker run --name dockerPG11 -e POSTGRES_PASSWORD=Xzzp2008 -p 5432:54355 -d postgres:11.5
973e9066cefee0747fc51458060ec37168039a005a23b406f787e5ad9dee146a
docker: Error response from daemon: driver failed programming external connectivity on endpoint dockerPG11 (00b10c3636525f1a7c7c9ee8c30ad74c9d153be32d93fb02b01e028b05f3db55):  (iptables failed: iptables --wait -t nat -A DOCKER -p tcp -d 0/0 --dport 5432 -j DNAT --to-destination 172.17.0.2:54355 ! -i docker0: iptables: No chain/target/match by that name.
 (exit status 1)).

解决方法

#重启docker
systemctl restart docker

 

文章转载至:http://www.postgres.cn/v2/news/viewone/1/505

posted @ 2020-03-27 11:40  怒吼的萝卜  阅读(1610)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报