Qt Widgets——子区域和子窗口

QMdiArea 一般使用于主窗口QMainWindow，用于容纳多个子窗口QMdiSubWindow 

qt creator 3.0的设计师有MdiArea可直接拖入使用。

界面如下,图中灰色框即是个MdiArea，另一图中创建了2个QMdiSubWindow ：

代码如下：

#include "mainwindow.h"  
#include "ui_mainwindow.h"  
#include <QSize>  
MainWindow::MainWindow(QWidget *parent) :  
    QMainWindow(parent),  
    ui(new Ui::MainWindow)  
{  
    ui->setupUi(this);  
    connect(ui->actionNew,SIGNAL(triggered()),this,SLOT(creatNewWin()));//actionNew是通过设计师创建的动作  
  
}  
  
void MainWindow::creatNewWin()  
{  
    mdiWin1=new QMdiSubWindow;  
    mdiWin1->setWindowTitle("未定");  
    ui->mdiArea->addSubWindow(mdiWin1);  
    mdiWin1->resize(QSize(200,200));  
    mdiWin1->show();  
}  
MainWindow::~MainWindow()  
{  
    delete ui;  
}  

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QMdiArea

公有函数如下：

    QMdiArea(QWidget * parent = 0)  
    ~QMdiArea()  
  
QMdiSubWindow * addSubWindow(QWidget * widget, Qt::WindowFlags windowFlags = 0)  
void    removeSubWindow(QWidget * widget)  
void    setActivationOrder(WindowOrder order)//设置激活顺序，默认以创建先后激活，槽函数中有调用，枚举值见1  
void    setBackground(const QBrush & background)//设置背景，默认灰色  
void    setDocumentMode(bool enabled)  
void    setOption(AreaOption option, bool on = true)//现只有一个选项，即创建子窗口，窗口不充满这个区域，默认是充满的，枚举值见2  
void    setViewMode(ViewMode mode)//设置视口模式，默认area中很多小窗口，也可以是有tabBar形式的，以下这些设置tab的函数，都需要先开启这个。枚举值见3  
void    setTabPosition(QTabWidget::TabPosition position)//设置tabBar的方位，有东西南北四方位，遵循地理的上北下南左西右东枚举值见4  
void    setTabShape(QTabWidget::TabShape shape)//设置tab的形状，默认长方形，也可以像谷歌浏览器那样，梯形，枚举值见5  
void    setTabsClosable(bool closable)//默认否，设为true时，tab上方形成一个关闭小按钮  
void    setTabsMovable(bool movable)//设置是否可移动，默认false,可移动时，可拖动tab在tabBar上移动，现在的浏览器大多有这样的功能  
  
QList<QMdiSubWindow *>    subWindowList(WindowOrder order = CreationOrder) const  
QMdiSubWindow * currentSubWindow() const  
WindowOrder activationOrder() const  
QBrush  background() const  
bool    documentMode() const  
bool    testOption(AreaOption option) const  
QMdiSubWindow * activeSubWindow() const  
QTabWidget::TabPosition tabPosition() const  
QTabWidget::TabShape    tabShape() const  
bool    tabsClosable() const  
bool    tabsMovable() const  
ViewMode    viewMode() const  

Public Slots

void    activateNextSubWindow()  
void    activatePreviousSubWindow()  
void    cascadeSubWindows()  
void    closeActiveSubWindow()  
void    closeAllSubWindows()  
void    setActiveSubWindow(QMdiSubWindow * window)  
void    tileSubWindows()//将所有子窗口在area的可视部分排列整齐  

Signals

void    subWindowActivated(QMdiSubWindow * window)//切换激活的窗口时发出  

1，enum QMdiArea::WindowOrder

Constant	Value	Description
QMdiArea::CreationOrder	0	按创建时的先后顺序
QMdiArea::StackingOrder	1	堆叠顺序
QMdiArea::ActivationHistoryOrder	2	按激活历史前后顺序.

2，enum QMdiArea::AreaOption
flags QMdiArea::AreaOptions

Constant	Value	Description
QMdiArea::DontMaximizeSubWindowOnActivation	0x1	激活时不使它最大化，默认是最大化的

3，QMdiArea::ViewMode

Constant	Value	Description
QMdiArea::SubWindowView	0	以小窗口形式显示(default).
QMdiArea::TabbedView	1	不仅可小窗口，而且形成tabBar

4，enum QTabWidget::TabPosition

Constant	Value	Description
QTabWidget::North	0	上方显示
QTabWidget::South	1	下
QTabWidget::West	2	左
QTabWidget::East	3	右

5，enum QTabWidget::TabShape

Constant	Value	Description
QTabWidget::Rounded	0	字面是圆形，但win7上更像长方形，default
QTabWidget::Triangular	1	字面三角形，说它是梯形更好些

在以上代码中修改，图中是执行tileSubWindows()函数后的结果：

#include "mainwindow.h"  
#include "ui_mainwindow.h"  
#include <QSize>  
#include <QTabWidget>  
#include <QBrush>  
MainWindow::MainWindow(QWidget *parent) :  
    QMainWindow(parent),  
    ui(new Ui::MainWindow)  
{  
    ui->setupUi(this);  
    QBrush b=QBrush(QColor(30,30,30),Qt::FDiagPattern);  
    ui->mdiArea->setBackground(b);  
    ui->mdiArea->setViewMode(QMdiArea::TabbedView);  
    ui->mdiArea->setTabPosition(QTabWidget::North);  
    ui->mdiArea->setTabsClosable(true);  
    ui->mdiArea->setTabsMovable(true);  
    ui->mdiArea->setTabShape(QTabWidget::Triangular);  
    ui->mdiArea->setOption(QMdiArea::DontMaximizeSubWindowOnActivation);  
  
    connect(ui->actionNew,SIGNAL(triggered()),this,SLOT(creatNewWin()));  
  
}  
  
void MainWindow::creatNewWin()  
{  
    mdiWin1=new QMdiSubWindow;  
    mdiWin1->setWindowTitle("未定");  
    ui->mdiArea->addSubWindow(mdiWin1);  
    mdiWin1->resize(QSize(200,200));  
    mdiWin1->show();  
}  
MainWindow::~MainWindow()  
{  
    delete ui;  
}  
  
void MainWindow::on_pushButton_clicked()  
{  
    ui->mdiArea->tileSubWindows();  
}  

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QMdiSubWindow

函数都比较简单，列出如下：

   QMdiSubWindow(QWidget * parent = 0, Qt::WindowFlags flags = 0)  
    ~QMdiSubWindow()  
  
void    setKeyboardPageStep(int step)  
void    setKeyboardSingleStep(int step)  
void    setOption(SubWindowOption option, bool on = true)//未试效果，求补充，枚举值见1  
void    setSystemMenu(QMenu * systemMenu).se.  
void    setWidget(QWidget * widget)//主要通过个函数添加它的小部件  
  
int keyboardPageStep() const  
int keyboardSingleStep() const  
QMdiArea *  mdiArea() const  
QMenu * systemMenu() const  
QWidget *   widget() const  
bool    testOption(SubWindowOption option) const  
bool    isShaded() const  

Public Slots

void	showShaded()
void	showSystemMenu()

Signals

void	aboutToActivate()
void	windowStateChanged(Qt::WindowStates oldState, Qt::WindowStates newState)

1，enum QMdiSubWindow::SubWindowOption

Constant	Value	Description
QMdiSubWindow::RubberBandResize	0x4	If you enable this option, a rubber band control is used to represent the subwindow's outline, and the user resizes this instead of the subwindow itself. As a result, the subwindow maintains its original position and size until the resize operation has been completed, at which time it will receive a single QResizeEvent. By default, this option is disabled.
QMdiSubWindow::RubberBandMove	0x8	If you enable this option, a rubber band control is used to represent the subwindow's outline, and the user moves this instead of the subwindow itself. As a result, the subwindow remains in its original position until the move operation has completed, at which time aQMoveEvent is sent to the window. By default, this option is disabled.