zookeeper master 选举

原文地址:

http://www.cnblogs.com/nevermorewang/p/5611807.html

选主原理介绍:zookeeper的节点有两种类型,持久节点跟临时节点。临时节点有个特性,就是如果注册这个节点的机器失去连接(通常是宕机),那么这个节点会被zookeeper删除。选主过程就是利用这个特性,在服务器启动的时候,去zookeeper特定的一个目录下注册一个临时节点(这个节点作为master,谁注册了这个节点谁就是master),注册的时候,如果发现该节点已经存在,则说明已经有别的服务器注册了(也就是有别的服务器已经抢主成功),那么当前服务器只能放弃抢主,作为从机存在。同时,抢主失败的当前服务器需要订阅该临时节点的删除事件,以便该节点删除时(也就是注册该节点的服务器宕机了或者网络断了之类的)进行再次抢主操作。从机具体需要去哪里注册服务器列表的临时节点,节点保存什么信息,根据具体的业务不同自行约定。选主的过程,其实就是简单的争抢在zookeeper注册临时节点的操作,谁注册了约定的临时节点,谁就是master。

 

主要有两个类,WorkServer为主服务类,RunningData用于记录运行数据。因为是简单的demo,我们只做抢master节点的编码,对于从节点应该去哪里注册服务列表信息,不作编码。

  采用zkClient实现,代码如下:

  WorkServer类

package com.zookeeper.master;

import org.I0Itec.zkclient.IZkDataListener;
import org.I0Itec.zkclient.ZkClient;
import org.I0Itec.zkclient.exception.ZkInterruptedException;
import org.I0Itec.zkclient.exception.ZkNoNodeException;
import org.I0Itec.zkclient.exception.ZkNodeExistsException;
import org.apache.zookeeper.CreateMode;

import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
import java.util.concurrent.ScheduledExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

/**
 * Created by nevermore on 16/6/22.
 */
public class WorkServer {

    //客户端状态
    private volatile boolean running = false;

    private ZkClient zkClient;

    //zk主节点路径
    public static final String MASTER_PATH = "/master";

    //监听(用于监听主节点删除事件)
    private IZkDataListener dataListener;

    //服务器基本信息
    private RunningData serverData;
    //主节点基本信息
    private RunningData masterData;

    //调度器
    private ScheduledExecutorService delayExector = Executors.newScheduledThreadPool(1);
    //延迟时间5s
    private int delayTime = 5;



    public WorkServer(RunningData runningData){
        this.serverData = runningData;
        this.dataListener = new IZkDataListener() {
            @Override
            public void handleDataChange(String s, Object o) throws Exception {

            }

            @Override
            public void handleDataDeleted(String s) throws Exception {
                //takeMaster();

                if(masterData != null && masterData.getName().equals(serverData.getName())){
                    //若之前master为本机,则立即抢主,否则延迟5秒抢主(防止小故障引起的抢主可能导致的网络数据风暴)
                    takeMaster();
                }else{
                    delayExector.schedule(new Runnable() {
                        @Override
                        public void run() {
                            takeMaster();
                        }
                    },delayTime, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
                }

            }
        };
    }

    //启动
    public void start() throws Exception{
        if(running){
            throw new Exception("server has startup....");
        }
        running = true;
        zkClient.subscribeDataChanges(MASTER_PATH,dataListener);
        takeMaster();
    }

    //停止
    public void stop() throws Exception{
        if(!running){
            throw new Exception("server has stopped.....");
        }
        running = false;
        delayExector.shutdown();
        zkClient.unsubscribeDataChanges(MASTER_PATH,dataListener);
        releaseMaster();
    }

    //抢注主节点
    private void takeMaster(){
        if(!running) return ;

        try {
            zkClient.create(MASTER_PATH, serverData, CreateMode.EPHEMERAL);
            masterData = serverData;
            System.out.println(serverData.getName()+" is master");

            delayExector.schedule(new Runnable() {//测试抢主用,每5s释放一次主节点
                @Override
                public void run() {
                    if(checkMaster()){
                        releaseMaster();
                    }
                }
            },5,TimeUnit.SECONDS);


        }catch (ZkNodeExistsException e){//节点已存在
            RunningData runningData = zkClient.readData(MASTER_PATH,true);
            if(runningData == null){//读取主节点时,主节点被释放
                takeMaster();
            }else{
                masterData = runningData;
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            // ignore;
        }

    }
    //释放主节点
    private void releaseMaster(){
        if(checkMaster()){
            zkClient.delete(MASTER_PATH);
        }
    }
    //检验自己是否是主节点
    private boolean checkMaster(){
        try {
            RunningData runningData = zkClient.readData(MASTER_PATH);
            masterData = runningData;
            if (masterData.getName().equals(serverData.getName())) {
                return true;
            }
            return false;

        }catch (ZkNoNodeException e){//节点不存在
            return  false;
        }catch (ZkInterruptedException e){//网络中断
            return checkMaster();
        }catch (Exception e){//其它
            return false;
        }
    }

    public void setZkClient(ZkClient zkClient) {
        this.zkClient = zkClient;
    }

    public ZkClient getZkClient() {
        return zkClient;
    }
}
View Code

RunningData类:

package com.zookeeper.master;

import java.io.Serializable;

/**
 * Created by nevermore on 16/6/22.
 */
public class RunningData implements Serializable {

    private static final long serialVersionUID = 4260577459043203630L;


    //服务器id
    private long cid;
    //服务器名称
    private String name;


    public long getCid() {
        return cid;
    }

    public void setCid(long cid) {
        this.cid = cid;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
}
View Code

说明:在实际生产环境中,可能会由于插拔网线等导致网络短时的不稳定,也就是网络抖动。由于正式生产环境中可能server在zk上注册的信息是比较多的,而且server的数量也是比较多的,那么每一次切换主机,每台server要同步的数据量(比如要获取谁是master,当前有哪些salve等信息,具体视业务不同而定)也是比较大的。那么我们希望,这种短时间的网络抖动最好不要影响我们的系统稳定,也就是最好选出来的master还是原来的机器,那么就可以避免发现master更换后,各个salve因为要同步数据等导致的zk数据网络风暴。所以在WorkServer中,54-63行,我们抢主的时候,如果之前主机是本机,则立即抢主,否则延迟5s抢主。这样就给原来主机预留出一定时间让其在新一轮选主中占据优势,从而利于环境稳定。

测试代码:

package com.zookeeper.master;

import org.I0Itec.zkclient.ZkClient;
import org.I0Itec.zkclient.serialize.SerializableSerializer;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * Created by nevermore on 16/6/23.
 */
public class LeaderSelectorZkClient {

    //启动的服务个数
    private static final int        CLIENT_QTY = 10;
    //zookeeper服务器的地址
    private static final String     ZOOKEEPER_SERVER = "localhost:2181";


    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
        //保存所有zkClient的列表
        List<ZkClient> clients = new ArrayList<ZkClient>();
        //保存所有服务的列表
        List<WorkServer>  workServers = new ArrayList<WorkServer>();

        try{
            for ( int i = 0; i < CLIENT_QTY; ++i ){
                //创建zkClient
                ZkClient client = new ZkClient(ZOOKEEPER_SERVER, 5000, 5000, new SerializableSerializer());
                clients.add(client);
                //创建serverData
                RunningData runningData = new RunningData();
                runningData.setCid(Long.valueOf(i));
                runningData.setName("Client #" + i);
                //创建服务
                WorkServer  workServer = new WorkServer(runningData);
                workServer.setZkClient(client);

                workServers.add(workServer);
                workServer.start();
            }

            System.out.println("敲回车键退出!\n");
            new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in)).readLine();
        }finally{
            System.out.println("Shutting down...");

            for ( WorkServer workServer : workServers ){
                try {
                    workServer.stop();
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
            for ( ZkClient client : clients ){
                try {
                    client.close();
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }
    }
}
View Code

 

posted @ 2018-12-19 16:15  newlangwen  阅读(273)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报