Springboot使用单元测试(JUnit Test)
步骤 1 : 单元测试
有时候呢,springboot 里要做单元测试,而不是直接跑起来。 比如 jpa 的查询数据,想跑个测试,看看数据库里的数据,那么这里就会讲如何做了
步骤 2 : 可运行项目
首先下载一个简单的可运行项目作为演示:网盘链接:https://www.90pan.com/b1869096
下载后解压,比如解压到 E:\project\springboot 目录下
步骤 3 : pom.xml
-
修改 junit 版本为 4.12
-
增加 spring-boot-starter-test
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.ryan</groupId>
<artifactId>springboot</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>springboot</name>
<description>springboot</description>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>1.5.9.RELEASE</version>
</parent>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- junit -->
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.12</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- servlet依赖. -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- tomcat的支持.-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.tomcat.embed</groupId>
<artifactId>tomcat-embed-jasper</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
<optional>true</optional> <!-- 这个需要为 true 热部署才有效 -->
</dependency>
<!-- mysql-->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.21</version>
</dependency>
<!-- jpa-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- springboot test -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<properties>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
</properties>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
步骤 4 : 添加测试类
- 需要加上2个注解:
- @RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
- @SpringBootTest(classes = Application.class)
-
自动装配 CategoryDAO dao; 以便于使用
-
test 方法加上 @Test 注解,然后就可以使用dao来工作了
-
运行的时候选择 JUnit Test 方式
-
该类需放在 src/test/java 下
测试类
package com.ryan.springboot.test;
import java.util.List;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;
import com.ryan.springboot.Application;
import com.ryan.springboot.dao.CategoryDAO;
import com.ryan.springboot.pojo.Category;
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = Application.class)
public class TestJPA {
@Autowired CategoryDAO dao;
@Test
public void test() {
List<Category> cs= dao.findAll();
for (Category c : cs) {
System.out.println("c.getName():"+ c.getName());
}
}
}
步骤 5 : 测试
运行 TestJPA 类就可以看到如图所示的效果了
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