阿里菜鸟物流云API调用--python

工作需要写一个程序调用菜鸟物流云五级地址查询api,此处决定用python实现。

 

 

 

 

调用实例如图:

 

 

接口文档:

 

先申请获得appkeyresourceid:

需要查询的数据集

 

读取文件存入一个list:

1 def get_address():
2     try:
3         with open(os.getcwd() + r'\address.txt', 'r') as f:
4             address = f.readlines()
5         return address
6     except:
7         print('打开文件失败')
8         return ''

 

 

构造请求参数:

1 def get_raw_input(address):
2     raw_input = {
3         "address": address,
4         "limit": "20"
5     }
6     return raw_input

 

 

构造公共请求参数:

1 def get_param(sign, content):
2     param = {
3         'msg_type': 'CNDZK_ADDRESS_QUERY',
4         'data_digest': sign,
5         'logistic_provider_id': 'd0119848ab......e1df5d8d6dc149',
6         'logistics_interface': content
7     }
8     return param

 

 

计算请求签名(MD5值算法与base64编码):

1 def get_data_digest(inputs, keys):
2     m1 = hashlib.md5()
3     m1.update((inputs + keys).encode('utf-8'))
4 
5     # base64.b64encode(m1.hexdigest()) 得到错误值!!!
6     return base64.b64encode(m1.digest())

此处踩到几个坑卡了很久,主要是m1.hexdigest()与m1.digest()的不同,导致计算出的结果与java,js算出的不同

一开始以为是str转bytes的问题,注意python的str.encode('utf-8')与java的getBytes()结果在显示上有所不同(前者返回bytes类型,后者返回byte[]类型)

 

 

请求调用api并写入文件:

 1 address_list = get_address()
 2 
 3 for x in address_list:
 4     # unicode形态转中文,去掉空格(否则查不出)
 5     inputs = json.dumps(get_raw_input(x)).encode('utf-8').decode('unicode_escape').replace(' ', '')
 6 
 7     result = requests.post(url, data=get_param(get_data_digest(inputs, keys), inputs), headers=headers)
 8     result = result.content.decode(encoding='utf-8')
 9     # print(result)
10     results = results + result + '\r\n'
11 
12 
13 try:
14     with open(os.getcwd()+r'\result.txt', 'w') as f:
15         f.write(results)
16         print("写入成功")
17 except:
18     print("写文件失败")

 此处又踩到一个小坑-。-,由于python3.x的str类型中文数据默认采用unicode编码显示,所以会得到中文变成\u...的数据,导致查询失败

json.dumps()将dict转化为json字符串返回,先utf-8编码为bytes类型

再用decode('unicode_escape')解码让中文字符正常显示

同时请求参数中有空格也会导致查询失败(阿里api文档太简单什么都没说,参数只能自己慢慢调,差评)

所以此处用replace(' ','')除去空格

 

 

 

得到结果集:

 

 

完整代码:

 1 # coding:utf-8
 2 # by NeilShi 11/29/2017
 3 import requests
 4 import hashlib
 5 import base64
 6 import json
 7 import os
 8 
 9 
10 # 'appkey': '154430',
11 # 'AppSecret': 'S7ib51Kp5......Qd10Lt4490QTwpr',
12 # 资源:d0119848ab5......df5d8d6dc149
13 
14 url = 'http://link.cainiao.com/gateway/link.do'
15 keys = 'S7ib51Kp5O......d10Lt4490QTwpr'
16 
17 headers = {
18     'content-type': 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=UTF-8'
19 }
20 
21 results = ''   # 存放结果集
22 
23 
24 def get_address():
25     try:
26         with open(os.getcwd() + r'\address.txt', 'r') as f:
27             address = f.readlines()
28         return address
29     except:
30         print('打开文件失败')
31         return ''
32 
33 
34 def get_raw_input(address):
35     raw_input = {
36         "address": address,
37         "limit": "20"
38     }
39     return raw_input
40 
41 
42 def get_param(sign, content):
43     param = {
44         'msg_type': 'CNDZK_ADDRESS_QUERY',
45         'data_digest': sign,
46         'logistic_provider_id': 'd011984......d7ae1df5d8d6dc149',
47         'logistics_interface': content
48     }
49     return param
50 
51 
52 def get_data_digest(inputs, keys):
53     m1 = hashlib.md5()
54     m1.update((inputs + keys).encode('utf-8'))
55 
56     # base64.b64encode(m1.hexdigest()) 得到错误值!!!原因未知
57     return base64.b64encode(m1.digest())
58 
59 
60 address_list = get_address()
61 
62 for x in address_list:
63     # unicode形态转中文,去掉空格(否则查不出)
64     inputs = json.dumps(get_raw_input(x)).encode('utf-8').decode('unicode_escape').replace(' ', '')
65 
66     result = requests.post(url, data=get_param(get_data_digest(inputs, keys), inputs), headers=headers)
67     result = result.content.decode(encoding='utf-8')
68     # print(result)
69     results = results + result + '\r\n'
70 
71 
72 try:
73     with open(os.getcwd()+r'\result.txt', 'w') as f:
74         f.write(results)
75         print("写入成功")
76 except:
77     print("写文件失败")

 

posted @ 2017-11-29 14:11  南瓜1996  阅读(17189)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报