串口 usart 完整帧 协议 解析

参考：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_40932099/article/details/118423684

https://blog.csdn.net/qq_43765237/article/details/107599234  这种方式，还是差点意思。

 

 

串口  usart  完整帧  协议   解析  

在进行串口通信时，有些私有协议，有长短不一致。

在接收到帧后，进行分析。

在接收帧时的帧时，什么时候进中断，怎么才能算接收完，完整的一帧数据。

HAL_UARTEx_ReceiveToIdle_IT(&huart2, (uint8_t*) myData, mySize); 

这个函数不会让你失望！！！stm32f7xx_hal_uart_ex.c 中。

具体用法：

1. 调用 HAL_UARTEx_ReceiveToIdle_IT(&huart2, (uint8_t*) myData, mySize);  即，打开空闲接收中断。

2.接收完会，自动调用它的回调函数，void HAL_UARTEx_RxEventCallback(UART_HandleTypeDef *huart, uint16_t Size) ；弱函数需要自己实现。

3.一般的不占时间的处理，在回调函数中就处理了。如果占时间，建议使用消息队列将数据发出，在对应的任务中进行处理。

 

main.c 

/* USER CODE BEGIN Header */
/**
 ******************************************************************************
 * @file           : main.c
 * @brief          : Main program body
 ******************************************************************************
 * @attention
 *
 * <h2><center>© Copyright (c) 2022 STMicroelectronics.
 * All rights reserved.</center></h2>
 *
 * This software component is licensed by ST under BSD 3-Clause license,
 * the "License"; You may not use this file except in compliance with the
 * License. You may obtain a copy of the License at:
 *                        opensource.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause
 *
 ******************************************************************************
 */
/* USER CODE END Header */
/* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "main.h"
#include "stm32f7xx_hal_uart.h"
#include "stm32f7xx_hal_usart.h"
#include "stm32f7xx_hal_uart_ex.h"
#include "stm32f7xx_hal_usart_ex.h"
#include "string.h"
#include "strings.h"
/* Private includes ----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN Includes */

/* USER CODE END Includes */

/* Private typedef -----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PTD */

/* USER CODE END PTD */

/* Private define ------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PD */
/* USER CODE END PD */

/* Private macro -------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PM */

/* USER CODE END PM */

/* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*/

UART_HandleTypeDef huart2;

/* USER CODE BEGIN PV */
uint8_t BUFFER_MAX_SIZE = 64;
uint8_t myData[BUFFER_MAX_SIZE];
uint8_t outData[BUFFER_MAX_SIZE];
uint8_t mySize = 64;
uint8_t buff[] = "Heelloo\r\n";
uint8_t errorFrame[] = "ErrorFrame\r\n";
/* USER CODE END PV */

/* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/
void SystemClock_Config(void);
static void MX_GPIO_Init(void);
static void MX_USART2_UART_Init(void);
/* USER CODE BEGIN PFP */

/* USER CODE END PFP */

/* Private user code ---------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN 0 */

/* USER CODE END 0 */

/**
 * @brief  The application entry point.
 * @retval int
 */
int main(void) {
	/* USER CODE BEGIN 1 */

	/* USER CODE END 1 */

	/* Enable I-Cache---------------------------------------------------------*/
	SCB_EnableICache();

	/* Enable D-Cache---------------------------------------------------------*/
	SCB_EnableDCache();

	/* MCU Configuration--------------------------------------------------------*/

	/* Reset of all peripherals, Initializes the Flash interface and the Systick. */
	HAL_Init();

	/* USER CODE BEGIN Init */

	/* USER CODE END Init */

	/* Configure the system clock */
	SystemClock_Config();

	/* USER CODE BEGIN SysInit */

	/* USER CODE END SysInit */

	/* Initialize all configured peripherals */
	MX_GPIO_Init();
	MX_USART2_UART_Init();
	/* USER CODE BEGIN 2 */
	HAL_UARTEx_ReceiveToIdle_IT(&huart2, (uint8_t*) myData, mySize);
	/* USER CODE END 2 */

	/* Infinite loop */
	/* USER CODE BEGIN WHILE */
	while (1) {
		/* USER CODE END WHILE */
		HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart2, buff, sizeof(buff), 1000); //发送接收到的数据
		HAL_Delay(3000);
		/* USER CODE BEGIN 3 */
	}
	/* USER CODE END 3 */
}

/**
 * @brief System Clock Configuration
 * @retval None
 */
void SystemClock_Config(void) {
	RCC_OscInitTypeDef RCC_OscInitStruct = { 0 };
	RCC_ClkInitTypeDef RCC_ClkInitStruct = { 0 };
	RCC_PeriphCLKInitTypeDef PeriphClkInitStruct = { 0 };

	/** Configure LSE Drive Capability
	 */
	HAL_PWR_EnableBkUpAccess();
	/** Configure the main internal regulator output voltage
	 */
	__HAL_RCC_PWR_CLK_ENABLE();
	__HAL_PWR_VOLTAGESCALING_CONFIG(PWR_REGULATOR_VOLTAGE_SCALE1);
	/** Initializes the RCC Oscillators according to the specified parameters
	 * in the RCC_OscInitTypeDef structure.
	 */
	RCC_OscInitStruct.OscillatorType = RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_HSE;
	RCC_OscInitStruct.HSEState = RCC_HSE_ON;
	RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLState = RCC_PLL_ON;
	RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLSource = RCC_PLLSOURCE_HSE;
	RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLM = 25;
	RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLN = 432;
	RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLP = RCC_PLLP_DIV2;
	RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLQ = 2;
	if (HAL_RCC_OscConfig(&RCC_OscInitStruct) != HAL_OK) {
		Error_Handler();
	}
	/** Activate the Over-Drive mode
	 */
	if (HAL_PWREx_EnableOverDrive() != HAL_OK) {
		Error_Handler();
	}
	/** Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB buses clocks
	 */
	RCC_ClkInitStruct.ClockType = RCC_CLOCKTYPE_HCLK | RCC_CLOCKTYPE_SYSCLK | RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK1 | RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK2;
	RCC_ClkInitStruct.SYSCLKSource = RCC_SYSCLKSOURCE_PLLCLK;
	RCC_ClkInitStruct.AHBCLKDivider = RCC_SYSCLK_DIV1;
	RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB1CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV4;
	RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB2CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV2;

	if (HAL_RCC_ClockConfig(&RCC_ClkInitStruct, FLASH_LATENCY_7) != HAL_OK) {
		Error_Handler();
	}
	PeriphClkInitStruct.PeriphClockSelection = RCC_PERIPHCLK_USART2;
	PeriphClkInitStruct.Usart2ClockSelection = RCC_USART2CLKSOURCE_PCLK1;
	if (HAL_RCCEx_PeriphCLKConfig(&PeriphClkInitStruct) != HAL_OK) {
		Error_Handler();
	}
}

/**
 * @brief USART2 Initialization Function
 * @param None
 * @retval None
 */
static void MX_USART2_UART_Init(void) {

	/* USER CODE BEGIN USART2_Init 0 */

	/* USER CODE END USART2_Init 0 */

	/* USER CODE BEGIN USART2_Init 1 */

	/* USER CODE END USART2_Init 1 */
	huart2.Instance = USART2;
	huart2.Init.BaudRate = 115200;
	huart2.Init.WordLength = UART_WORDLENGTH_8B;
	huart2.Init.StopBits = UART_STOPBITS_1;
	huart2.Init.Parity = UART_PARITY_NONE;
	huart2.Init.Mode = UART_MODE_TX_RX;
	huart2.Init.HwFlowCtl = UART_HWCONTROL_NONE;
	huart2.Init.OverSampling = UART_OVERSAMPLING_16;
	huart2.Init.OneBitSampling = UART_ONE_BIT_SAMPLE_DISABLE;
	huart2.AdvancedInit.AdvFeatureInit = UART_ADVFEATURE_NO_INIT;
	if (HAL_UART_Init(&huart2) != HAL_OK) {
		Error_Handler();
	}
	/* USER CODE BEGIN USART2_Init 2 */

	/* USER CODE END USART2_Init 2 */

}

/**
 * @brief GPIO Initialization Function
 * @param None
 * @retval None
 */
static void MX_GPIO_Init(void) {

	/* GPIO Ports Clock Enable */
	__HAL_RCC_GPIOC_CLK_ENABLE();
	__HAL_RCC_GPIOH_CLK_ENABLE();
	__HAL_RCC_GPIOA_CLK_ENABLE();

}

/* USER CODE BEGIN 4 */
void ReceiveProcessTYPTE(uint8_t *rData, uint16_t Size) {

	switch (rData[8]) {
	case 0x5A:
		break;
	case 0x5C:
		HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart2, rData, Size, 1000);
		break;
	case 0xA5:
		break;
	case 0x91:
		break;
	case 0x81:
		break;
	case 0x82:
		break;
	default:
		break;
	}

}

void ReceiveProcessCMD(uint8_t *rData, uint16_t Size) {
	uint8_t DEVICE_ID = rData[3]; //传感器类型 0x22
	uint8_t CMD = rData[7];	//帧命令 0x5C
	uint8_t TYPE = rData[8]; //帧类型 0x03
	

}

void HAL_UARTEx_RxEventCallback(UART_HandleTypeDef *huart, uint16_t Size) {
	UNUSED(huart);
	UNUSED(Size);
	if (huart->Instance == USART2) {
		if (myData[0] == 0xAA && myData[1] == 0x55 && myData[2] == 0x7F) {
			ReceiveProcessCMD(myData, BUFFER_MAX_SIZE); //使用函数处理，推荐采用消息队列
		} else {
			HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart2, errorFrame, sizeof(errorFrame), 1000);
		}
		memset(myData, 0, sizeof(myData));
		HAL_UARTEx_ReceiveToIdle_IT(&huart2, (uint8_t*) myData, mySize);

	}
}

/* USER CODE END 4 */

/**
 * @brief  This function is executed in case of error occurrence.
 * @retval None
 */
void Error_Handler(void) {
	/* USER CODE BEGIN Error_Handler_Debug */
	/* User can add his own implementation to report the HAL error return state */
	__disable_irq();
	while (1) {
	}
	/* USER CODE END Error_Handler_Debug */
}

#ifdef  USE_FULL_ASSERT
/**
  * @brief  Reports the name of the source file and the source line number
  *         where the assert_param error has occurred.
  * @param  file: pointer to the source file name
  * @param  line: assert_param error line source number
  * @retval None
  */
void assert_failed(uint8_t *file, uint32_t line)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN 6 */
  /* User can add his own implementation to report the file name and line number,
     ex: printf("Wrong parameters value: file %s on line %d\r\n", file, line) */
  /* USER CODE END 6 */
}
#endif /* USE_FULL_ASSERT */

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