SQL基础三

 

 

一、SQL ORDER BY 子句

ORDER BY 语句用于对结果集进行排序,默认按照升序对记录进行排序,如果需要按照降序进行排序,需要在后面追加关键字DESC。应用如下:

原始的表:Orders表

CompanyOrderNumber
IBM 3532
W3School 2356
Apple 4698
W3School 6953

 


实例1:

以字母顺序显示公司名称:

SELECT Company, OrderNumber FROM Orders ORDER BY Company
CompanyOrderNumber
Apple 4698
IBM 3532
W3School 6953
W3School 2356

 


实例2:

已字母顺序显示公司名称,并以数字顺序显示顺序号:

SELECT Company, OrderNumber FROM Orders ORDER BY Company, OrderNumber
CompanyOrderNumber
Apple 4698
IBM 3532
W3School 2356
W3School 6953

 


实例3:

以逆字母顺序显示公司名称:

SELECT Company, OrderNumber FROM Orders ORDER BY Company DESC
CompanyOrderNumber
W3School 6953
W3School 2356
IBM 3532
Apple 4698

 


实例4:

以逆字母顺序显示公司名称,并以数字顺序显示顺序号:

SELECT Company, OrderNumber FROM Orders ORDER BY Company DESC, OrderNumber ASC
CompanyOrderNumber
W3School 2356
W3School 6953
IBM 3532
Apple 4698

 

二、SQL INSERT INTO 语句

INSERT INTO语句用于向表格中插入新的行。

语法:

INSERT INTO 表名称 VALUES (值1, 值2,....)

也可以指定索要插入数据的列

INSERT INTO table_name (列1, 列2,...) VALUES (值1, 值2,....)

 


应用实例:

插入新的行:

“Persons”表:

LastNameFirstNameAddressCity
Carter Thomas Changan Street Beijing

 

SQL语句为:

INSERT INTO Persons VALUES('Gates', 'Bill', 'Xuanwumen 10', 'Beijing')

结果:

LastNameFirstNameAddressCity
Carter Thomas Changan Street Beijing
Gates Bill Xuanwumen 10 Beijing

 

在指定的列中插入数据:

“Persons”表:

LastNameFirstNameAddressCity
Carter Thomas Changan Street Beijing
Gates Bill Xuanwumen 10 Beijing

 

SQL语句:

INSERT INTO Persons (LastName, Address) VALUES ('Wilson', 'Champs-Elysees')

结果:

LastNameFirstNameAddressCity
Carter Thomas Changan Street Beijing
Gates Bill Xuanwumen 10 Beijing
Wilson   Champs-Elysees  

 

三、SQL UPDATE 语句

Update语句用于修改表中的数据。

语法:

UPDATE 表名称 SET 列名称 = 新值 WHERE 列名称 = 某值

应用实例:

“Persons”表

LastNameFirstNameAddressCity
Gates Bill Xuanwumen 10 Beijing
Wilson   Champs-Elysees  

 

更新某一行中的一列:

为 lastname 是 "Wilson" 的人添加 firstname:

UPDATE Persons SET FirstName=‘Fred’ WHERE LastName=‘Wilson’

结果:

LastNameFirstNameAddressCity
Gates Bill Xuanwumen 10 Beijing
Wilson Fred Champs-Elysees  

 

更新某一行中的若干列:

我们会修改地址(address),并添加城市名称(city):

UPDATE Person SET Address = 'Zhongshan 23', City = 'Nanjing'
WHERE LastName = 'Wilson'

结果:

LastNameFirstNameAddressCity
Gates Bill Xuanwumen 10 Beijing
Wilson Fred Zhongshan 23 Nanjing

 

三、SQL DELETE 语句

DELETE语句用于删除表中的行。

语法:

DELETE FROM 表名称 WHERE 列名称 =

应用实例:

“Persons”表

LastNameFirstNameAddressCity
Gates Bill Xuanwumen 10 Beijing
Wilson Fred Zhongshan 23 Nanjing

 

删除某行:

"Fred Wilson" 会被删除:

DELETE FROM Person WHERE LastName = 'Wilson' 

结果:

LastNameFirstNameAddressCity
Gates Bill Xuanwumen 10 Beijing

 

删除所有行:

可以在不删除表的情况下删除所有的行。这意味着表的结构、属性和索引都是完整的:

DELETE FROM table_name

或者:

DELETE * FROM table_name

 

posted @ 2017-03-31 11:22  nanhao  阅读(130)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报