Java web.xml详解
转载自:http://blog.189pt.com/975/
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd" version="2.4"> <display-name>网站名称</display-name> <description>网站描述</description> <!-- icon元素包含small-icon和large-icon两个子元素.用来指定web站台中小图标和大图标的路径. --> <icon> <!--small-icon元素应指向web站台中某个小图标的路径,大小为16 X 16 pixel,但是图象文件必须为GIF或JPEG格式,扩展名必须为:.gif或.jpg. --> <small-icon>路径/small.gif</small-icon> <!--large-icon元素应指向web站台中某个大图表路径,大小为32 X 32 pixel,但是图象文件必须为GIF或JPEG的格式,扩展名必须为; gif或jpg.--> <large-icon>路径/large.jpg</large-icon> </icon> <!-- 配置集群的时候,要用到,在这篇文章:“apache+tomcat集群、负载均衡及session复制”里的第三条(http://jiajun.iteye.com/admin/blogs/278586) --> <distributable/> <!-- context-param 元素用来设定web站台的环境参数(context),它包含两个子元素:param-name和param-value.,如spring的典型配置 --> <context-param> <!-- 设定Context名称 --> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <!-- 设定Context名称的值 --> <param-value>/WEB-INF/spring-config.xml</param-value> </context-param> <!-- 备注:此所设定的参数,在JSP网页中可以使用下列方法来取得:${initParam.param_name} 若在Servlet可以使用下列方法来获得:String param_name=getServletContext().getInitParamter("param_name"); --> <!-- filter元素用来声明filter的相关设定.filter元素除了下面介绍的的子元素之外,还包括下面<servlet>绍过的<icon>,<display-name>,<description>,<init-param>,其用途一样.--> <filter> <!-- 定义Filter的名称. --> <filter-name>URIFilter</filter-name> <!-- 定义Filter的类名称 --> <filter-class>org.cjj.filter.URIFilter</filter-class> <init-param> <param-name>encoding</param-name> <param-value>UTF-8</param-value> </init-param> </filter> <!-- filter-mapping 元素的两个主要子元素filter-name和url-pattern.用来定义Filter所对应的URL.和下面的servlet-mapping一样 --> <filter-mapping> <!-- 定义Filter的名称,和上面定义的Filter名称要一致 --> <filter-name>URIFilter</filter-name> <!-- ilter所对应的RUL,这里是所有的URL --> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> <!-- 这里配置和上面的Filter配置一样 --> <servlet> <description><![CDATA[Application Setup]]></description> <servlet-name>HTML Action Servlet</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.cjj.servlet.ActionServlet</servlet-class> <init-param> <param-name>config</param-name> <param-value>/WEB-INF/struts-config.xml</param-value> </init-param> <init-param> <param-name>debug</param-name> <param-value>2</param-value> </init-param> <init-param> <param-name>detail</param-name> <param-value>2</param-value> </init-param> <load-on-startup>0</load-on-startup> </servlet> <!-- 和上面的filter-mapping,一样 --> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>HTML Action Servlet</servlet-name> <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <!-- listener元素用来定义Listener接口,它的主要子元素为<listener-class> --> <listener> <!-- ServletContextListener接口的实现,监听Content --> <listener-class>org.cjj.listener.ContextListener</listener-class> </listener> <listener> <!-- HttpSessionListener, HttpSessionAttributeListener接口的实现,监听session --> <listener-class>org.cjj.listener.SessionListener</listener-class> </listener> <!-- session-config包含一个子元素session-timeout.定义web站台中的session参数. --> <session-config> <!-- 定义这个web站台所有session的有效期限.单位为分钟. 例子中为600分钟 --> <session-timeout>600</session-timeout> </session-config> <!-- mime-mapping包含两个子元素extension和mime-type.定义某一个扩展名和某一MIME Type做对映. --> <mime-mapping> <!-- 扩展名称 --> <extension>htm</extension> <!-- MIME格式 --> <mime-type>text/html</mime-type> </mime-mapping> <mime-mapping> <extension>flv</extension> <mime-type>video/x-flv</mime-type> </mime-mapping> <mime-mapping> <extension>doc</extension> <mime-type>application/vnd.ms-word</mime-type> </mime-mapping> <mime-mapping> <extension>xls</extension> <mime-type>application/vnd.ms-excel</mime-type> </mime-mapping> <!-- welcome-file-list包含子元素welcome-file,用来定义首页列单,如: --> <welcome-file-list> <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file> <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file> </welcome-file-list> <!-- error-page元素包含三个子元素error-code,exception-type和location.将错误代码(Error Code)或异常(Exception)的种类对应到web站台资源路径.--> <error-page> <!-- HTTP Error code --> <error-code>403</error-code> <!-- 在web站点内的相关资源路径 --> <location>路径/403.jsp</location> </error-page> <error-page> <error-code>404</error-code> <location>路径/404.jsp</location> </error-page> <error-page> <error-code>500</error-code> <location>路径/500.jsp</location> </error-page> <error-page> <!-- 一个完整名称的Java异常类型 --> <exception-type>java.lang.Exception</exception-type> <location>路径/exception.jsp</location> </error-page> <!-- jsp-config元素主要用来设定JSP的相关配置,<jsp:config>包括<taglib>和<jsp-property-group>两个子元素. 其中<taglib>元素在JSP 1.2时就已经存在了;而<jsp-property-group>是JSP 2.0新增的元素. --> <jsp-config> <!-- taglib元素包含两个子元素taglib-uri和taglib-location.用来设定JSP网页用到的Tag Library路径. --> <taglib> <!-- 定义TLD文件的URI,JSP网页的taglib指令可以经由这个URI存取到TLD文件. --> <taglib-uri>core</taglib-uri> <!-- TLD文件对应Web站台的存放位置. --> <taglib-location>/WEB-INF/tld/jstl-1-core.tld</taglib-location> </taglib> <taglib> <taglib-uri>bean</taglib-uri> <taglib-location>/WEB-INF/tld/struts-bean.tld</taglib-location> </taglib> <taglib> <taglib-uri>html</taglib-uri> <taglib-location>/WEB-INF/tld/struts-html.tld</taglib-location> </taglib> <taglib> <taglib-uri>logic</taglib-uri> <taglib-location>/WEB-INF/tld/struts-logic.tld</taglib-location> </taglib> <taglib> <taglib-uri>tiles</taglib-uri> <taglib-location>/WEB-INF/tld/struts-tiles.tld</taglib-location> </taglib> <!-- jsp-property-group元素包含8个元素 --> <jsp-property-group> <!-- 此设定的说明 --> <description>Special property group for JSP Configuration JSP example.</description> <!-- 此设定的名称 --> <display-name>JSPConfiguration</display-name> <!-- 设定值所影响的范围,如:/CH2 或者/*.jsp --> <uri-pattern>/*</uri-pattern> <!-- 若为true,表示不支持EL语法. --> <el-ignored>true</el-ignored> <!-- 若为true表示不支持<%scription%>语法. --> <scripting-invalid>false</scripting-invalid> <!-- 设置JSP网页的抬头,扩展名为.jspf --> <include-prelude>.jspf</include-prelude> <!-- 设置JSP网页的结尾,扩展名为.jspf --> <include-coda>.jspf</include-coda> <!-- 编码 --> <page-encoding>utf-8</page-encoding> </jsp-property-group> </jsp-config> <!-- esource-ref元素包括五个子元素description,res-ref-name,res-type,res-auth,res-sharing-scope.利用JNDI取得站台可 --> <resource-ref> <!-- 资源说明 --> <description>JNDI JDBC DataSource of JSPBook</description> <!-- 资源名称 --> <res-ref-name>jdbc/sample_db</res-ref-name> <!-- 资源种类 --> <res-type>javax.sql.DataSoruce</res-type> <!-- 资源由Application或Container来许可,如下面为Container --> <res-auth>Container</res-auth> <!-- 资源是否可以共享.默认值为 Shareable 可选择Shareable|Unshareable --> <res-sharing-scope>Unshareable</res-sharing-scope> </resource-ref> </web-app>