nginx SSL双向认证部署。

以下架构拓扑图 

 

 

双向认证原理：

1、客户端向服务端发送SSL协议版本号、加密算法种类、随机数等信息。 
2、服务端给客户端返回SSL协议版本号、加密算法种类、随机数等信息，同时也返回服务器端的证书，即公钥证书 
3、客户端使用服务端返回的信息验证服务器的合法性，包括： 

    • 证书是否过期
    • 发型服务器证书的CA是否可靠
    • 返回的公钥是否能正确解开返回证书中的数字签名
    • 服务器证书上的域名是否和服务器的实际域名相匹配

验证通过后，将继续进行通信，否则，终止通信 
4、服务端要求客户端发送客户端的证书，客户端会将自己的证书发送至服务端 
5、验证客户端的证书，通过验证后，会获得客户端的公钥 
6、客户端向服务端发送自己所能支持的对称加密方案，供服务器端进行选择 
7、服务器端在客户端提供的加密方案中选择加密程度最高的加密方式 
8、将加密方案通过使用之前获取到的公钥进行加密，返回给客户端 
9、客户端收到服务端返回的加密方案密文后，使用自己的私钥进行解密，获取具体加密方式，而后，产生该加密方式的随机码，用作加密过程中的密钥，使用之前从服务端证书中获取到的公钥进行加密后，发送给服务端 
10、服务端收到客户端发送的消息后，使用自己的私钥进行解密，获取对称加密的密钥，在接下来的会话中，服务器和客户端将会使用该密码进行对称加密，保证通信过程中信息的安全。

 

 

请确保server已经安装了Nginx    在server端操作

1. 生成一个 CA 私钥: ca.key

mkdir /root/ssl    #方便存放生成的ssl
cd /root/ssl
openssl genrsa -out ca.key 4096

Generating RSA private key, 4096 bit long modulus
................................................................++
....................++
e is 65537 (0x10001)

 

 

2. 生成一个 CA 的数字证书: ca.crt

openssl req -new -x509 -days 3650 -key ca.key -out ca.crt

Generating RSA private key, 4096 bit long modulus
................................................................++
....................++
e is 65537 (0x10001)
root@ubuntu:/etc/nginx/keys# openssl req -new -x509 -days 3650 -key ca.key -out ca.crt
You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated
into your certificate request.
What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN.
There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank
For some fields there will be a default value,
If you enter '.', the field will be left blank.
-----
Country Name (2 letter code) [AU]:CN
State or Province Name (full name) [Some-State]:hz
Locality Name (eg, city) []:hz
Organization Name (eg, company) [Internet Widgits Pty Ltd]:dgx
Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:dgx
Common Name (e.g. server FQDN or YOUR name) []:root
Email Address []:

 

======= 服务端保存 server.key，提供 server.csr，签名生成 server.crt ========

1. 生成 server 端的私钥: server.key

openssl genrsa -out server.key 4096

Generating RSA private key, 4096 bit long modulus
.........++
....++
e is 65537 (0x10001)

 

 

2. 生成 server 端数字证书请求: server.csr

openssl req -new -key server.key -out server.csr

You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated
into your certificate request.
What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN.
There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank
For some fields there will be a default value,
If you enter '.', the field will be left blank.
-----
Country Name (2 letter code) [AU]:CN
State or Province Name (full name) [Some-State]:hz
Locality Name (eg, city) []:hz
Organization Name (eg, company) [Internet Widgits Pty Ltd]:dgx
Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:dgx
Common Name (e.g. server FQDN or YOUR name) []:192.168.1.1
Email Address []:

Please enter the following 'extra' attributes
to be sent with your certificate request
A challenge password []:
An optional company name []:

注意：由于使用ip地址访问的，所以Common Name，输入ip即可。

如果使用域名访问，那么这一步，必须是域名才行！

 

3. 用 CA 私钥签发 server 的数字证书: server.crt

openssl x509 -req -in server.csr -CA ca.crt -CAkey ca.key -CAcreateserial -out server.crt -days 3650

Signature ok
subject=/C=CN/ST=Shanghai/O=Sidien Test/CN=192.168.0.162
Getting CA Private Key

 

======== 终端保存 client.key，提供 client.csr，签名生成 client.crt ========

1. 生成客户端的私钥与证书: client.key

openssl genrsa -out client.key 4096

Generating RSA private key, 4096 bit long modulus
....++
...................................................................................................................................................................................................++
e is 65537 (0x10001)

 

2. 生成 client 端数字证书请求: client.csr

openssl req -new -key client.key -out client.csr

You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated
into your certificate request.
What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN.
There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank
For some fields there will be a default value,
If you enter '.', the field will be left blank.
-----
Country Name (2 letter code) [AU]:CN
State or Province Name (full name) [Some-State]:hz
Locality Name (eg, city) []:hz
Organization Name (eg, company) [Internet Widgits Pty Ltd]:dgx
Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:dgx
Common Name (e.g. server FQDN or YOUR name) []:test
Email Address []:

Please enter the following 'extra' attributes
to be sent with your certificate request
A challenge password []:
An optional company name []:

 

3. 用 CA 私钥签发 client 的数字证书: client.crt

openssl x509 -req -in client.csr -CA ca.crt -CAkey ca.key -CAcreateserial -out client.crt -days 3650

Signature ok

subject=/C=CN/ST=Shanghai/O=Byzoro Test/CN=GP1700_v3.1.0
Getting CA Private Key

 

4. 查看文件

root@ubuntu:/root/nginx# ls
ca.crt  ca.key  ca.srl  client.crt  client.csr  client.key  server.crt  server.csr  server.key

 

 

如何配置nginx

docker run -d --name nginx  nginx              #临时启动nginx 用于拷贝配置文件 
docker cp nginx:/etc/nginx /root/nginx         #配置文件拷贝到本地
docker rm -f nginx                             #删除刚才启动的nginx
docker run -dit --name nginx --restart alway -p 80:80 -p 443:443 -v /root/nginx:/etc/nginx nginx              #正式启动nginx  端口自行修改

 

#服务端

修改nginx.conf

worker_processes  1;
events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}
http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;
    sendfile        on;
    keepalive_timeout  65;
    server_tokens off;        #隐藏nginx版本号
    server {
        listen 443  ssl;
        server_name localhost;
        ssl_certificate /etc/nginx/ssl/server.crt;         #配置证书位置 请保证以下三项在容器里有ssl文件 能访问到此自签证书
        ssl_certificate_key /etc/nginx/ssl/server.key;     #配置秘钥位置
        ssl_client_certificate /etc/nginx/ssl/ca.crt;      #双向认证
        ssl_verify_client on;                              #双向认证
        ssl_session_timeout 5m;
        ssl_protocols SSLv2 SSLv3 TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2; #按照这个协议配置
        ssl_ciphers ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5:!RC4:!DHE; #按照这个套件配置
        ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
        root html;
        index index.html;
        location / {
                try_files $uri $uri/ =404;
        }
     }
}
注意：这里使用的是ip地址访问，如果使用域名访问，请修改 server_name 为域名地址

 

配置完重启nginx

docker restart nginx

验证

curl https://192.168.1.1:443 -k

<html>
<head><title>400 No required SSL certificate was sent</title></head>
<body>
<center><h1>400 Bad Request</h1></center>
<center>No required SSL certificate was sent</center>
<hr><center>nginx</center>
</body>
</html>

#以上证明双向认证成功 ，需要公私钥才可访问 

 

curl --cert ./client.crt --key ./client.key https://192.168.1.1:443 -k

#指定私钥 可绝对路径 相对路径需要加“./”  不然会报错400 No required SSL certificate was sent

 

客户端搭建NG 跟上面步骤一样

客户端nginx.conf

user  nginx;
worker_processes  1;
 
error_log  /var/log/nginx/error.log warn;
pid        /var/run/nginx.pid;
 
 
events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}
 
stream {
    server {
        listen     80;
        proxy_pass 192.168.1.1:443;
        proxy_ssl  on;
        proxy_ssl_certificate         /etc/nginx/ssl/client.crt;    #指定密钥去访问服务端
        proxy_ssl_certificate_key     /etc/nginx/ssl/client.key;
    }
}

 

 

posted @ 2021-07-09 17:26  mrdongdong  阅读(839)  评论(0)  编辑  收藏  举报