win7-64bit下基于VMware12.5安装rhel-server-6.3-i386
/*************************************************************************************
宿主PC:win7-64bit
虚拟软件:VMware12.5
虚拟PC:rhel-server-6.3-i386
时间:2016-10-02
*************************************************************************************/
1、安装rhel6
安装英文版,添加简体中文字体
登录时切换到中文,选择不改文件夹名称
如下修改,并重启,可做到英文系统显示中文。
关闭防火墙和SELinux
#关闭防火墙
/etc/init.d/iptables stop
#关闭Selinux
setenforce permissive
2、启用网络设备
修改eth0网卡的配置文件,将ONBOOT=“no”改为”yes”,文件位置:/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
/etc/init.d/network restart 重新启动网络
3、安装VMware-Tools
安装VMware-Tools
./vmware-install.pl
4、安装vim
检查是否安装
[root@localhost 桌面]# rpm -qa |grep vim
vim-minimal-7.2.411-1.8.el6.i686
vim-common-7.2.411-1.8.el6.i686
vim-enhanced-7.2.411-1.8.el6.i686
[root@localhost 桌面]#
5、安装ctags
检查
[root@localhost 桌面]# rpm -qa |grep tag
taglib-1.6.1-1.1.el6.i686
ctags-5.8-2.el6.i686
[root@localhost 桌面]#
6、安装cscope
检查
[root@localhost 桌面]# rpm -qa |grep cscope
cscope-15.6-6.el6.i686
[root@localhost 桌面]#
7、更新yum为网易源
下载rpm包的地址
http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/i386/Packages/
查看rhel是否安装python
python-2.6.6-64.el6.i686
python-iniparse-0.3.1-2.1.el6.noarch
没有安装的话,重新安装
查看rhel是否安装yum
yum-3.2.29-73.el6.centos.noarch
yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.i686
yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.30-37.el6.noarch
没有安装的话,重新安装
更换yum源 使用163的源
#cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
#wget http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS6-Base-163.repo
#vim CentOS6-Base-163.repo
把文件里面的$releasever全部替换为版本号,即6 最后保存!
清除原有缓存
#yum clean all
重建缓存
以提高搜索安装软件的速度
#yum makecache
有可能第一遍不起作用,需要多做几遍
此时,网易yum源已经配置好。各位可以享受高质量且免费的yum服务了!
构建多个yum源
yum源可用
/etc/yum.repos.d/rhel-source.repo
# CentOS-Base.repo
#
# The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the
# update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and
# geographically close to the client. You should use this for CentOS updates
# unless you are manually picking other mirrors.
#
# If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the
# remarked out baseurl= line instead.
#
#
[base]
name=CentOS-6 - Base - 163.com
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=6&arch=$basearch&repo=os
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
#released updates
[updates]
name=CentOS-6 - Updates - 163.com
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/updates/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=6&arch=$basearch&repo=updates
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
#additional packages that may be useful
[extras]
name=CentOS-6 - Extras - 163.com
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/extras/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=6&arch=$basearch&repo=extras
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages
[centosplus]
name=CentOS-6 - Plus - 163.com
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/centosplus/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=6&arch=$basearch&repo=centosplus
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
#contrib - packages by Centos Users
[contrib]
name=CentOS-6 - Contrib - 163.com
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/contrib/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=6&arch=$basearch&repo=contrib
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
# CentOS-Base.repo
#
# The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the
# update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and
# geographically close to the client. You should use this for CentOS updates
# unless you are manually picking other mirrors.
#
# If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the
# remarked out baseurl= line instead.
#
#
[base]
name=CentOS-6 - Base - mirrors.aliyun.com
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/6/os/$basearch/
http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/6/os/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=6&arch=$basearch&repo=os
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
#released updates
[updates]
name=CentOS-6 - Updates - mirrors.aliyun.com
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/6/updates/$basearch/
http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/6/updates/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=6&arch=$basearch&repo=updates
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
#additional packages that may be useful
[extras]
name=CentOS-6 - Extras - mirrors.aliyun.com
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/6/extras/$basearch/
http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/6/extras/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=6&arch=$basearch&repo=extras
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages
[centosplus]
name=CentOS-6 - Plus - mirrors.aliyun.com
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/6/centosplus/$basearch/
http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/6/centosplus/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=6&arch=$basearch&repo=centosplus
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
#contrib - packages by Centos Users
[contrib]
name=CentOS-6 - Contrib - mirrors.aliyun.com
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/6/contrib/$basearch/
http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/6/contrib/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=6&arch=$basearch&repo=contrib
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
3、导入KEY
rpm --import http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
rpm --import http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
4、安装自动源选择插件--自动选择最快的源
yum install yum-fastestmirror -y
5、如何确认正在使用的是哪个源?
cd /var/cache/yum
cat timedhosts.txt
如果我在那个目录里放了很多源,怎么知道当前用的是那个呢?如果你没有改yum.conf,那么看/var/cache/yum/文件夹里的一个time开头的文件,就知道了
如果在使用yum install安装找不到某些包的时候,可以使用下面办法试试
wget http://dag.wieers.com/rpm/packages/rpmforge-release/rpmforge-release-0.3.6-1.el5.rf.i386.rpm
rpm -Uvh rpmforge-release-0.3.6-1.el5.rf.i386.rpm
yum常用命令
yum -y install 包名(支持*) :自动选择y,全自动
yum install 包名(支持*) :手动选择y or n
yum remove 包名(不支持*)
rpm -ivh 包名(支持*):安装rpm包
rpm -e 包名(不支持*):卸载rpm包
更新和升级
yum update 全部更新
yum update package1 更新指定程序包package1
yum check-update 检查可更新的程序
yum upgrade package1 升级指定程序包package1
yum groupupdate group1 升级程序组group1
1 安装
yum install 全部安装
yum install package1 安装指定的安装包package1
yum groupinsall group1 安装程序组group1
2 更新和升级
yum update 全部更新
yum update package1 更新指定程序包package1
yum check-update 检查可更新的程序
yum upgrade package1 升级指定程序包package1
yum groupupdate group1 升级程序组group1
3 查找和显示
yum info package1 显示安装包信息package1
yum list 显示所有已经安装和可以安装的程序包
yum list package1 显示指定程序包安装情况package1
yum groupinfo group1 显示程序组group1信息yum search string 根据关键字string查找安装包
4 删除程序
yum remove | erase package1 删除程序包package1
yum groupremove group1 删除程序组group1
yum deplist package1 查看程序package1依赖情况
5 清除缓存
yum clean packages 清除缓存目录下的软件包
yum clean headers 清除缓存目录下的 headers
yum clean oldheaders 清除缓存目录下旧的 headers
yum clean, yum clean all (= yum clean packages; yum clean oldheaders) 清除缓存目录下的软件包及旧的headers
8、安装tree
yum -y install tree dos2unix
9、安装vimrc
vimrc
"=========================================================================
" DesCRiption: 适合自己使用的vimrc文件,for Linux/Windows, GUI/Console
"
" Last Change: 2010年08月02日 15时13分
"
" Version: 1.80
"
"=========================================================================
set nocompatible " 关闭 vi 兼容模式
syntax on " 自动语法高亮
colorscheme molokai " 设定配色方案
set number " 显示行号
set cursorline " 突出显示当前行
set ruler " 打开状态栏标尺
set shiftwidth=4 " 设定 << 和 >> 命令移动时的宽度为 4
set softtabstop=4 " 使得按退格键时可以一次删掉 4 个空格
set tabstop=4 " 设定 tab 长度为 4
set nobackup " 覆盖文件时不备份
set autochdir " 自动切换当前目录为当前文件所在的目录
filetype plugin indent on " 开启插件
set backupcopy=yes " 设置备份时的行为为覆盖
set ignorecase smartcase " 搜索时忽略大小写,但在有一个或以上大写字母时仍保持对大小写敏感
set nowrapscan " 禁止在搜索到文件两端时重新搜索
set incsearch " 输入搜索内容时就显示搜索结果
set hlsearch " 搜索时高亮显示被找到的文本
set noerrorbells " 关闭错误信息响铃
set novisualbell " 关闭使用可视响铃代替呼叫
set t_vb= " 置空错误铃声的终端代码
" set showmatch " 插入括号时,短暂地跳转到匹配的对应括号
" set matchtime=2 " 短暂跳转到匹配括号的时间
set magic " 设置魔术
set hidden " 允许在有未保存的修改时切换缓冲区,此时的修改由 vim 负责保存
set guioptions-=T " 隐藏工具栏
set guioptions-=m " 隐藏菜单栏
set smartindent " 开启新行时使用智能自动缩进
set backspace=indent,eol,start
" 不设定在插入状态无法用退格键和 Delete 键删除回车符
set cmdheight=1 " 设定命令行的行数为 1
set laststatus=2 " 显示状态栏 (默认值为 1, 无法显示状态栏)
set statusline=\ %<%F[%1*%M%*%n%R%H]%=\ %y\ %0(%{&fileformat}\ %{&encoding}\ %c:%l/%L%)\
" 设置在状态行显示的信息
set foldenable " 开始折叠
set foldmethod=syntax " 设置语法折叠
set foldcolumn=0 " 设置折叠区域的宽度
setlocal foldlevel=1 " 设置折叠层数为
" set foldclose=all " 设置为自动关闭折叠
" nnoremap <space> @=((foldclosed(line('.')) < 0) ? 'zc' : 'zo')<CR>
" 用空格键来开关折叠
" return OS type, eg: windows, or linux, mac, et.st..
function! MySys()
if has("win16") || has("win32") || has("win64") || has("win95")
return "windows"
elseif has("unix")
return "linux"
endif
endfunction
" 用户目录变量$VIMFILES
if MySys() == "windows"
let $VIMFILES = $VIM.'/vimfiles'
elseif MySys() == "linux"
let $VIMFILES = $HOME.'/.vim'
endif
" 设定doc文档目录
let helptags=$VIMFILES.'/doc'
" 设置字体 以及中文支持
if has("win32")
set guifont=Inconsolata:h12:cANSI
endif
" 配置多语言环境
if has("multi_byte")
" UTF-8 编码
set encoding=utf-8
set termencoding=utf-8
set formatoptions+=mM
set fencs=utf-8,gbk
if v:lang =~? '^\(zh\)\|\(ja\)\|\(ko\)'
set ambiwidth=double
endif
if has("win32")
source $VIMRUNTIME/delmenu.vim
source $VIMRUNTIME/menu.vim
language messages zh_CN.utf-8
endif
else
echoerr "Sorry, this version of (g)vim was not compiled with +multi_byte"
endif
" Buffers操作快捷方式!
nnoremap <C-RETURN> :bnext<CR>
nnoremap <C-S-RETURN> :bprevious<CR>
" Tab操作快捷方式!
nnoremap <C-TAB> :tabnext<CR>
nnoremap <C-S-TAB> :tabprev<CR>
"关于tab的快捷键
" map tn :tabnext<cr>
" map tp :tabprevious<cr>
" map td :tabnew .<cr>
" map te :tabedit
" map tc :tabclose<cr>
"窗口分割时,进行切换的按键热键需要连接两次,比如从下方窗口移动
"光标到上方窗口,需要<c-w><c-w>k,非常麻烦,现在重映射为<c-k>,切换的
"时候会变得非常方便.
nnoremap <C-h> <C-w>h
nnoremap <C-j> <C-w>j
nnoremap <C-k> <C-w>k
nnoremap <C-l> <C-w>l
"一些不错的映射转换语法(如果在一个文件中混合了不同语言时有用)
nnoremap <leader>1 :set filetype=xhtml<CR>
nnoremap <leader>2 :set filetype=css<CR>
nnoremap <leader>3 :set filetype=javascript<CR>
nnoremap <leader>4 :set filetype=php<CR>
" set fileformats=unix,dos,mac
" nmap <leader>fd :se fileformat=dos<CR>
" nmap <leader>fu :se fileformat=unix<CR>
" use Ctrl+[l|n|p|cc] to list|next|previous|jump to count the result
" map <C-x>l <ESC>:cl<CR>
" map <C-x>n <ESC>:cn<CR>
" map <C-x>p <ESC>:cp<CR>
" map <C-x>c <ESC>:cc<CR>
" 让 Tohtml 产生有 CSS 语法的 html
" syntax/2html.vim,可以用:runtime! syntax/2html.vim
let html_use_css=1
" Python 文件的一般设置,比如不要 tab 等
autocmd FileType python set tabstop=4 shiftwidth=4 expandtab
autocmd FileType python map <F12> :!python %<CR>
" 选中状态下 Ctrl+c 复制
vmap <C-c> "+y
" 打开javascript折叠
let b:javascript_fold=1
" 打开javascript对dom、html和css的支持
let javascript_enable_domhtmlcss=1
" 设置字典 ~/.vim/dict/文件的路径
autocmd filetype javascript set dictionary=$VIMFILES/dict/javascript.dict
autocmd filetype css set dictionary=$VIMFILES/dict/css.dict
autocmd filetype php set dictionary=$VIMFILES/dict/php.dict
"-----------------------------------------------------------------
" plugin - bufexplorer.vim Buffers切换
" \be 全屏方式查看全部打开的文件列表
" \bv 左右方式查看 \bs 上下方式查看
"-----------------------------------------------------------------
"-----------------------------------------------------------------
" plugin - taglist.vim 查看函数列表,需要ctags程序
" F4 打开隐藏taglist窗口
"-----------------------------------------------------------------
if MySys() == "windows" " 设定windows系统中ctags程序的位置
let Tlist_Ctags_Cmd = '"'.$VIMRUNTIME.'/ctags.exe"'
elseif MySys() == "linux" " 设定windows系统中ctags程序的位置
let Tlist_Ctags_Cmd = '/usr/bin/ctags'
endif
nnoremap <silent><F4> :TlistToggle<CR>
let Tlist_Show_One_File = 1 " 不同时显示多个文件的tag,只显示当前文件的
let Tlist_Exit_OnlyWindow = 1 " 如果taglist窗口是最后一个窗口,则退出vim
let Tlist_Use_Right_Window = 1 " 在右侧窗口中显示taglist窗口
let Tlist_File_Fold_Auto_Close=1 " 自动折叠当前非编辑文件的方法列表
let Tlist_Auto_Open = 0
let Tlist_Auto_Update = 1
let Tlist_Hightlight_Tag_On_BufEnter = 1
let Tlist_Enable_Fold_Column = 0
let Tlist_Process_File_Always = 1
let Tlist_Display_Prototype = 0
let Tlist_Compact_Format = 1
"-----------------------------------------------------------------
" plugin - mark.vim 给各种tags标记不同的颜色,便于观看调式的插件。
" \m mark or unmark the word under (or before) the cursor
" \r manually input a regular expression. 用于搜索.
" \n clear this mark (i.e. the mark under the cursor), or clear all highlighted marks .
" \* 当前MarkWord的下一个 \# 当前MarkWord的上一个
" \/ 所有MarkWords的下一个 \? 所有MarkWords的上一个
"-----------------------------------------------------------------
"-----------------------------------------------------------------
" plugin - NERD_tree.vim 以树状方式浏览系统中的文件和目录
" :ERDtree 打开NERD_tree :NERDtreeClose 关闭NERD_tree
" o 打开关闭文件或者目录 t 在标签页中打开
" T 在后台标签页中打开 ! 执行此文件
" p 到上层目录 P 到根目录
" K 到第一个节点 J 到最后一个节点
" u 打开上层目录 m 显示文件系统菜单(添加、删除、移动操作)
" r 递归刷新当前目录 R 递归刷新当前根目录
"-----------------------------------------------------------------
" F3 NERDTree 切换
map <F3> :NERDTreeToggle<CR>
imap <F3> <ESC>:NERDTreeToggle<CR>
"-----------------------------------------------------------------
" plugin - NERD_commenter.vim 注释代码用的,
" [count],cc 光标以下count行逐行添加注释(7,cc)
" [count],cu 光标以下count行逐行取消注释(7,cu)
" [count],cm 光标以下count行尝试添加块注释(7,cm)
" ,cA 在行尾插入 /* */,并且进入插入模式。 这个命令方便写注释。
" 注:count参数可选,无则默认为选中行或当前行
"-----------------------------------------------------------------
let NERDSpaceDelims=1 " 让注释符与语句之间留一个空格
let NERDCompactSexyComs=1 " 多行注释时样子更好看
"-----------------------------------------------------------------
" plugin - DoxygenToolkit.vim 由注释生成文档,并且能够快速生成函数标准注释
"-----------------------------------------------------------------
let g:DoxygenToolkit_authorName="Asins - asinsimple AT gmail DOT com"
let g:DoxygenToolkit_briefTag_funcName="yes"
map <leader>da :DoxAuthor<CR>
map <leader>df :Dox<CR>
map <leader>db :DoxBlock<CR>
map <leader>dc a /* */<LEFT><LEFT><LEFT>
"-----------------------------------------------------------------
" plugin – ZenCoding.vim 很酷的插件,HTML代码生成
" 插件最新版:http://github.com/mattn/zencoding-vim
" 常用命令可看:http://nootn.com/blog/Tool/23/
"-----------------------------------------------------------------
"-----------------------------------------------------------------
" plugin – checksyntax.vim JavaScript常见语法错误检查
" 默认快捷方式为 F5
"-----------------------------------------------------------------
let g:checksyntax_auto = 0 " 不自动检查
"-----------------------------------------------------------------
" plugin - NeoComplCache.vim 自动补全插件
"-----------------------------------------------------------------
let g:AutoComplPop_NotEnableAtStartup = 1
let g:NeoComplCache_EnableAtStartup = 1
let g:NeoComplCache_SmartCase = 1
let g:NeoComplCache_TagsAutoUpdate = 1
let g:NeoComplCache_EnableInfo = 1
let g:NeoComplCache_EnableCamelCaseCompletion = 1
let g:NeoComplCache_MinSyntaxLength = 3
let g:NeoComplCache_EnableSkipCompletion = 1
let g:NeoComplCache_SkipInputTime = '0.5'
let g:NeoComplCache_SnippetsDir = $VIMFILES.'/snippets'
" <TAB> completion.
inoremap <expr><TAB> pumvisible() ? "\<C-n>" : "\<TAB>"
" snippets expand key
imap <silent> <C-e> <Plug>(neocomplcache_snippets_expand)
smap <silent> <C-e> <Plug>(neocomplcache_snippets_expand)
"-----------------------------------------------------------------
" plugin - matchit.vim 对%命令进行扩展使得能在嵌套标签和语句之间跳转
" % 正向匹配 g% 反向匹配
" [% 定位块首 ]% 定位块尾
"-----------------------------------------------------------------
"-----------------------------------------------------------------
" plugin - vcscommand.vim 对%命令进行扩展使得能在嵌套标签和语句之间跳转
" SVN/git管理工具
"-----------------------------------------------------------------
"-----------------------------------------------------------------
" plugin – a.vim
"-----------------------------------------------------------------
10、关闭防火墙和SELinux
#关闭防火墙
/etc/init.d/iptables stop
#关闭Selinux
setenforce permissive
11、RHEL7开机自动运行程序的脚本(fedora20通用)
方法如下:
cd /etc/init.d
vi youshell.sh #将youshell.sh修改为你自己的脚本名
编写自己的脚本后保存退出。
在编写脚本的时候,请先加入以下注释
#add for chkconfig
#chkconfig: 2345 70 30
#description: the description of the shell #关于脚本的简短描述
#processname: servicename #第一个进程名,后边设置自启动的时候会用到
说明:
2345是指脚本的运行级别,即在2345这4种模式下都可以运行,234都是文本界面,5就是图形界面X
70是指脚本将来的启动顺序号,如果别的程序的启动顺序号比70小(比如44、45),则脚本需要等这些程序都启动以后才启动。
30是指系统关闭时,脚本的停止顺序号。
给脚本添加上可执行权限:
chmod +x youshell.sh
chkconfig --level 2345 youshell.sh on
-----------
Ok ! Success!
12、安装samba
RHEL6.3 Samba服务器安装配置
1、安装Samba软件包
yum -y install samba samba-client samba-common samba-winbind samba-winbind-clients
2、启动、查看Samba服务器状态
# service smb start
# service smb status
3、设置Samba服务器为开机启动
# chkconfig smb on
# chkconfig --list smb
smb 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off
4、修改 Samba 服务器住配置文件 smb.conf
4.1、备份源文件
# cp -p /etc/samba/smb.conf /etc/samba/smb.conf.orig
4.2、在 [global] 部分修改字符集设置
[global]
unix charset= UTF-8
dos charset=GBK
workgroup = SHAREGROUP
4.3、在文件结尾加上客户自定义共享模块
[share]
comment = RHEL6-Windows Share
path=/home/share
public=yes
writeable = yes
# 是否可写
browseable = yes
# 是否可浏览
create mode = 0777
# 创建文件时的默认属性
directory mode = 0777
# 创建目录时的默认属性
valid users = root
# 指定可访问用户
5、添加用户root
# smbpasswd -a root
New SMB password:
Retype new SMB password:
Added user demo.
#
6、检测配置参数
# testparm
7、重启 Samba 服务器
/etc/init.d/smb restart
PS:WINDOWS机器需要注销重新登录,才可以注销原有的用户信息,登录Samba服务共享