用 ASP.NET 管理 IIS（转）

在 ASP.NET（2.0 及以上版本）中，我们可以使用 System.DirectoryServices 来管理 IIS。

System.DirectoryServices 可以获取和设置 IIS metabase 的 String and DWORD 属性，并且也能调用大多数方法。

前提是您的操作系统应该是 Windows XP Professional 带 SP2，或 Windows Server 2003 带 SP1 或更新版本的操作系统。否则您可能会得到类似“The directory cannot report the number of properties”的错误。

不过开始之前，您应该在网站解决方案的属性页上 References 中引入 System.DirectoryServices。添加后，web.config 中应该有类似如下的内容：

<configuration>
<system.web>
<compilation debug="false">
<assemblies>
<add assembly="System.DirectoryServices, Version=2.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=B03F5F7F11D50A3A"/>

另外还请您注意一下，您运行 ASP.NET 的帐户要有足够的权限来操作 IIS。

关于用 System.DirectoryServices 来管理 IIS 的所有内容请参见 MSDN 上的 http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms525791.aspx。

另外我摘录了一点示例，是关于如何创建站点、设置端口、创建虚拟目录，虽然是 Console 环境中的，但只需要作些很简单的修改，就可以应用到 ASP.NET 中。

using System;
using System.IO;
using System.DirectoryServices;
using System.Reflection;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using System.Collections;

namespace System_DirectoryServices_DirectoryEntry_ConfigIIS
{
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{


...


CreateSite("IIS://Localhost/W3SVC", "555", "MySite", "D:\\Inetpub\\Wwwroot");


...


SetSingleProperty("IIS://Localhost/W3SVC/555", "ServerBindings", ":8080:");


...


CreateVDir("IIS://Localhost/W3SVC/1/Root", "MyVDir", "D:\\Inetpub\\Wwwroot");


...


}


...


static void CreateSite(string metabasePath, string siteID, string siteName, string physicalPath)
{
//  metabasePath is of the form "IIS://<servername>/<service>"
//    for example "IIS://localhost/W3SVC"
//  siteID is of the form "<number>", for example "555"
//  siteName is of the form "<name>", for example, "My New Site"
//  physicalPath is of the form "<drive>:\<path>", for example, "C:\Inetpub\Wwwroot"
Console.WriteLine("\nCreating site {0}/{1}, mapping the Root application to {2}:",
metabasePath, siteID, physicalPath);

try
{
DirectoryEntry service = new DirectoryEntry(metabasePath);
string className = service.SchemaClassName.ToString();
if (className.EndsWith("Service"))
{
DirectoryEntries sites = service.Children;
DirectoryEntry newSite = sites.Add(siteID, (className.Replace("Service", "Server")));
newSite.Properties["ServerComment"][0] = siteName;
newSite.CommitChanges();

DirectoryEntry newRoot;
newRoot = newSite.Children.Add("Root", "IIsWebVirtualDir");
newRoot.Properties["Path"][0] = physicalPath;
newRoot.Properties["AccessScript"][0] = true;
newRoot.CommitChanges();

Console.WriteLine(" Done. Your site will not start until you set the ServerBindings or SecureBindings property.");
}
else
Console.WriteLine(" Failed. A site can only be created in a service node.");
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
Console.WriteLine("Failed in CreateSite with the following exception: \n{0}", ex.Message);
}
}


...


static void SetSingleProperty(string metabasePath, string propertyName, object newValue)
{
//  metabasePath is of the form "IIS://<servername>/<path>"
//    for example "IIS://localhost/W3SVC/1"
//  propertyName is of the form "<propertyName>", for example "ServerBindings"
//  value is of the form "<intStringOrBool>", for example, ":80:"
Console.WriteLine("\nSetting single property at {0}/{1} to {2} ({3}):",
metabasePath, propertyName, newValue, newValue.GetType().ToString());

try
{
DirectoryEntry path = new DirectoryEntry(metabasePath);
PropertyValueCollection propValues = path.Properties[propertyName];
string oldType = propValues.Value.GetType().ToString();
string newType = newValue.GetType().ToString();
Console.WriteLine(" Old value of {0} is {1} ({2})", propertyName, propValues.Value, oldType);
if (newType == oldType)
{
path.Properties[propertyName][0] = newValue;
path.CommitChanges();
Console.WriteLine("Done");
}
else
Console.WriteLine(" Failed in SetSingleProperty; type of new value does not match property");
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
if ("HRESULT 0x80005006" == ex.Message)
Console.WriteLine(" Property {0} does not exist at {1}", propertyName, metabasePath);
else
Console.WriteLine("Failed in SetSingleProperty with the following exception: \n{0}", ex.Message);
}
}


...


static void CreateVDir(string metabasePath, string vDirName, string physicalPath)
{
//  metabasePath is of the form "IIS://<servername>/<service>/<siteID>/Root[/<vdir>]"
//    for example "IIS://localhost/W3SVC/1/Root"
//  vDirName is of the form "<name>", for example, "MyNewVDir"
//  physicalPath is of the form "<drive>:\<path>", for example, "C:\Inetpub\Wwwroot"
Console.WriteLine("\nCreating virtual directory {0}/{1}, mapping the Root application to {2}:",
metabasePath, vDirName, physicalPath);

try
{
DirectoryEntry site = new DirectoryEntry(metabasePath);
string className = site.SchemaClassName.ToString();
if ((className.EndsWith("Server")) || (className.EndsWith("VirtualDir")))
{
DirectoryEntries vdirs = site.Children;
DirectoryEntry newVDir = vdirs.Add(vDirName, (className.Replace("Service", "VirtualDir")));
newVDir.Properties["Path"][0] = physicalPath;
newVDir.Properties["AccessScript"][0] = true;
// These properties are necessary for an application to be created.
newVDir.Properties["AppFriendlyName"][0] = vDirName;
newVDir.Properties["AppIsolated"][0] = "1";
newVDir.Properties["AppRoot"][0] = "/LM" + metabasePath.Substring(metabasePath.IndexOf("/", ("IIS://".Length)));

newVDir.CommitChanges();

Console.WriteLine(" Done.");
}
else
Console.WriteLine(" Failed. A virtual directory can only be created in a site or virtual directory node.");
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
Console.WriteLine("Failed in CreateVDir with the following exception: \n{0}", ex.Message);
}
}


...


}
}