05_QT网络编程之TCP通信

QT网络编程之TCP通信

QT的网络编程：

​ 网络编程有TCP和UDP。

TCP编程需要用到俩个类：QTcpServer和QTcpSocket

本节课目标：

​ 完成一个TCP服务器和一个客户端。

TcpServer

widget.ui

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<ui version="4.0">
 <class>Widget</class>
 <widget class="QWidget" name="Widget">
  <property name="geometry">
   <rect>
    <x>0</x>
    <y>0</y>
    <width>510</width>
    <height>480</height>
   </rect>
  </property>
  <property name="windowTitle">
   <string>Widget</string>
  </property>
  <layout class="QGridLayout" name="gridLayout">
   <item row="0" column="0">
    <layout class="QVBoxLayout" name="verticalLayout">
     <item>
      <widget class="QGroupBox" name="groupBox">
       <property name="title">
        <string>接收窗口</string>
       </property>
      </widget>
     </item>
     <item>
      <widget class="QPlainTextEdit" name="receiveEdit">
       <property name="readOnly">
        <bool>true</bool>
       </property>
      </widget>
     </item>
     <item>
      <layout class="QHBoxLayout" name="horizontalLayout_2">
       <item>
        <widget class="QLabel" name="label">
         <property name="text">
          <string>端口号:</string>
         </property>
        </widget>
       </item>
       <item>
        <widget class="QLineEdit" name="portEdit"/>
       </item>
       <item>
        <spacer name="horizontalSpacer_3">
         <property name="orientation">
          <enum>Qt::Horizontal</enum>
         </property>
         <property name="sizeHint" stdset="0">
          <size>
           <width>40</width>
           <height>20</height>
          </size>
         </property>
        </spacer>
       </item>
      </layout>
     </item>
     <item>
      <widget class="QGroupBox" name="groupBox_2">
       <property name="title">
        <string>发送窗口</string>
       </property>
      </widget>
     </item>
     <item>
      <widget class="QLineEdit" name="sendEdit"/>
     </item>
     <item>
      <layout class="QHBoxLayout" name="horizontalLayout">
       <item>
        <widget class="QPushButton" name="openBt">
         <property name="text">
          <string>打开服务器</string>
         </property>
        </widget>
       </item>
       <item>
        <spacer name="horizontalSpacer">
         <property name="orientation">
          <enum>Qt::Horizontal</enum>
         </property>
         <property name="sizeHint" stdset="0">
          <size>
           <width>40</width>
           <height>20</height>
          </size>
         </property>
        </spacer>
       </item>
       <item>
        <widget class="QPushButton" name="closeBt">
         <property name="text">
          <string>关闭服务器</string>
         </property>
        </widget>
       </item>
       <item>
        <spacer name="horizontalSpacer_2">
         <property name="orientation">
          <enum>Qt::Horizontal</enum>
         </property>
         <property name="sizeHint" stdset="0">
          <size>
           <width>40</width>
           <height>20</height>
          </size>
         </property>
        </spacer>
       </item>
       <item>
        <widget class="QPushButton" name="sendBt">
         <property name="text">
          <string>发送数据</string>
         </property>
        </widget>
       </item>
      </layout>
     </item>
    </layout>
   </item>
  </layout>
 </widget>
 <layoutdefault spacing="6" margin="11"/>
 <resources/>
 <connections/>
</ui>

TcpServer.pro

#-------------------------------------------------
#
# Project created by QtCreator 2024-04-13T15:38:03
#
#-------------------------------------------------

QT       += core gui network

greaterThan(QT_MAJOR_VERSION, 4): QT += widgets

TARGET = TcpServer
TEMPLATE = app

# The following define makes your compiler emit warnings if you use
# any feature of Qt which has been marked as deprecated (the exact warnings
# depend on your compiler). Please consult the documentation of the
# deprecated API in order to know how to port your code away from it.
DEFINES += QT_DEPRECATED_WARNINGS

# You can also make your code fail to compile if you use deprecated APIs.
# In order to do so, uncomment the following line.
# You can also select to disable deprecated APIs only up to a certain version of Qt.
#DEFINES += QT_DISABLE_DEPRECATED_BEFORE=0x060000    # disables all the APIs deprecated before Qt 6.0.0


SOURCES += \
        main.cpp \
        widget.cpp

HEADERS += \
        widget.h

FORMS += \
        widget.ui

widget.h

#ifndef WIDGET_H
#define WIDGET_H

#include <QWidget>
#include <QTcpServer>
#include <QTcpSocket>
#include <QString>

namespace Ui {
class Widget;
}

class Widget : public QWidget
{
    Q_OBJECT

public:
    explicit Widget(QWidget *parent = 0);
    ~Widget();

    QTcpServer *tcpServer;
    QTcpSocket *tcpSocket;

private slots:
    void on_openBt_clicked();

    void on_closeBt_clicked();

    void on_sendBt_clicked();

    void newConnection_slot();
    void readyRead_slot();

private:
    Ui::Widget *ui;


};

#endif // WIDGET_H

widget.cpp

#include "widget.h"
#include "ui_widget.h"

Widget::Widget(QWidget *parent) :
    QWidget(parent),
    ui(new Ui::Widget)
{
    ui->setupUi(this);

    tcpServer = new QTcpServer(this);
    tcpSocket = new QTcpSocket(this);


    connect(tcpServer,SIGNAL(newConnection()),this,SLOT(newConnection_slot()));
}


void Widget::newConnection_slot()
{
     tcpSocket = tcpServer->nextPendingConnection();
     connect(tcpSocket,SIGNAL(readyRead()),this,SLOT(readyRead_slot()));


}

void Widget:: readyRead_slot()
{
    QString buf;

    buf = tcpSocket->readAll();

    ui->receiveEdit->appendPlainText(buf);

}
Widget::~Widget()
{
    delete ui;
}

void Widget::on_openBt_clicked()
{
   tcpServer->listen(QHostAddress::Any,ui->portEdit->text().toUInt());
}

void Widget::on_closeBt_clicked()
{
    tcpServer->close();
}

void Widget::on_sendBt_clicked()
{
    tcpSocket->write(ui->sendEdit->text().toLocal8Bit().data());
}

TcpClient

widget.ui

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<ui version="4.0">
 <class>Widget</class>
 <widget class="QWidget" name="Widget">
  <property name="geometry">
   <rect>
    <x>0</x>
    <y>0</y>
    <width>484</width>
    <height>496</height>
   </rect>
  </property>
  <property name="windowTitle">
   <string>Widget</string>
  </property>
  <layout class="QGridLayout" name="gridLayout">
   <item row="0" column="0">
    <layout class="QVBoxLayout" name="verticalLayout">
     <item>
      <widget class="QGroupBox" name="groupBox">
       <property name="title">
        <string>接收框</string>
       </property>
      </widget>
     </item>
     <item>
      <widget class="QPlainTextEdit" name="receiveEdit">
       <property name="readOnly">
        <bool>true</bool>
       </property>
      </widget>
     </item>
     <item>
      <layout class="QHBoxLayout" name="horizontalLayout_2">
       <item>
        <widget class="QLabel" name="label">
         <property name="text">
          <string>端口号:</string>
         </property>
        </widget>
       </item>
       <item>
        <widget class="QLineEdit" name="portEdit"/>
       </item>
       <item>
        <widget class="QLabel" name="label_2">
         <property name="text">
          <string>ip:</string>
         </property>
        </widget>
       </item>
       <item>
        <widget class="QLineEdit" name="ipEdit"/>
       </item>
      </layout>
     </item>
     <item>
      <widget class="QGroupBox" name="groupBox_2">
       <property name="title">
        <string>发送框</string>
       </property>
      </widget>
     </item>
     <item>
      <widget class="QLineEdit" name="sendEdit"/>
     </item>
     <item>
      <layout class="QHBoxLayout" name="horizontalLayout">
       <item>
        <widget class="QPushButton" name="openBt">
         <property name="text">
          <string>打开客户端</string>
         </property>
        </widget>
       </item>
       <item>
        <spacer name="horizontalSpacer">
         <property name="orientation">
          <enum>Qt::Horizontal</enum>
         </property>
         <property name="sizeHint" stdset="0">
          <size>
           <width>40</width>
           <height>20</height>
          </size>
         </property>
        </spacer>
       </item>
       <item>
        <widget class="QPushButton" name="closeBt">
         <property name="text">
          <string>关闭客户端</string>
         </property>
        </widget>
       </item>
       <item>
        <spacer name="horizontalSpacer_2">
         <property name="orientation">
          <enum>Qt::Horizontal</enum>
         </property>
         <property name="sizeHint" stdset="0">
          <size>
           <width>40</width>
           <height>20</height>
          </size>
         </property>
        </spacer>
       </item>
       <item>
        <widget class="QPushButton" name="pushButton_3">
         <property name="text">
          <string>发送数据</string>
         </property>
        </widget>
       </item>
      </layout>
     </item>
    </layout>
   </item>
  </layout>
 </widget>
 <layoutdefault spacing="6" margin="11"/>
 <resources/>
 <connections/>
</ui>

TcpClient.pro

#-------------------------------------------------
#
# Project created by QtCreator 2024-04-13T16:10:28
#
#-------------------------------------------------

QT       += core gui network

greaterThan(QT_MAJOR_VERSION, 4): QT += widgets

TARGET = TcpClient
TEMPLATE = app

# The following define makes your compiler emit warnings if you use
# any feature of Qt which has been marked as deprecated (the exact warnings
# depend on your compiler). Please consult the documentation of the
# deprecated API in order to know how to port your code away from it.
DEFINES += QT_DEPRECATED_WARNINGS

# You can also make your code fail to compile if you use deprecated APIs.
# In order to do so, uncomment the following line.
# You can also select to disable deprecated APIs only up to a certain version of Qt.
#DEFINES += QT_DISABLE_DEPRECATED_BEFORE=0x060000    # disables all the APIs deprecated before Qt 6.0.0


SOURCES += \
        main.cpp \
        widget.cpp

HEADERS += \
        widget.h

FORMS += \
        widget.ui

widget.h

#ifndef WIDGET_H
#define WIDGET_H

#include <QWidget>
#include <QTcpSocket>

namespace Ui {
class Widget;
}

class Widget : public QWidget
{
    Q_OBJECT

public:
    explicit Widget(QWidget *parent = 0);
    ~Widget();

    QTcpSocket *tcpSocket;

private slots:
    void on_openBt_clicked();

    void on_closeBt_clicked();

    void on_pushButton_3_clicked();

    void connected_slot();
    void readyRead_slot();

private:
    Ui::Widget *ui;


};

#endif // WIDGET_H

widget.cpp

#include "widget.h"
#include "ui_widget.h"

Widget::Widget(QWidget *parent) :
    QWidget(parent),
    ui(new Ui::Widget)
{
    ui->setupUi(this);

    tcpSocket = new QTcpSocket(this);
}

Widget::~Widget()
{
    delete ui;
}

void Widget::on_openBt_clicked()
{
    tcpSocket->connectToHost(ui->ipEdit->text(), ui->portEdit->text().toUInt());
    connect(tcpSocket, SIGNAL(connected()), this, SLOT(connected_slot()));
}

void Widget::connected_slot()
{
    connect(tcpSocket, SIGNAL(readyRead()), this, SLOT(readyRead_slot()));
}

void Widget::readyRead_slot()
{
    ui->receiveEdit->appendPlainText(tcpSocket->readAll());
}

void Widget::on_closeBt_clicked()
{
    tcpSocket->close();
}

void Widget::on_pushButton_3_clicked()
{
    tcpSocket->write(ui->sendEdit->text().toLocal8Bit().data());
}